In recent decades,the incidence of human papillomavirus(HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)has shown a marked increase.Significant changes have also occurred in the OPSCC diagnosis and treatment paradigm.Deter-mining HPV status prior to treatment is now essential,and radiotherapy/chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and minimally invasive surgical techniques have progressively emerged as key modalities for managing OPSCC.However,alongside these paradigm shifts,a comprehen-sive technical consensus guiding the entire diagnostic and therapeutic process for OPSCC patients is currently lacking.Given China's large population base and the rising incidence of OPSCC,an expert panel convened to develop a clinical technical consensus on OPSCC diagno-sis and management tailored to China's specific context.This consensus aims to further enhance and standardize understanding of OPSCC management techniques among relevant healthcare professionals.

An implantable cardiac monitor(ICM)is a subcutaneous electronic device for recording and remotely transmitting electrocardiographic events.New-generation ICM,like the Reveal LINQ,have extended arrhythmia monitoring duration and improved diagnostic yield through miniaturization,large storage capacity,and easy implantation.They provide comprehensive monitoring data for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment,optimize individualized treatment plans,and enhance patient prognosis.In recent years,research on ICM in cardiovascular fields has deepened,and their clinical application scope has expanded.They show significant advantages and unique value and are widely used in early cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prognostic management.In the future,ICM are expected to play a bigger role in boosting diagnostic and prognostic capabilities for cardiovascular disease patients,offering stronger support for early disease detection,accurate diagnosis,and effective management.

Recent studies have shown that the physiological homeostasis of oral mucosal cells is regulated by the circadian clock.Dis-ruption or dysfunction of the circadian clock is closely associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).Research based on the circadian clock offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.However,there is current-ly limited research on this topic,and people generally have insufficient understanding and recognition of the circadian clock.Given the complexity and challenges of circadian clock which is the fourth dimension of medical research,we organize relevant experts based on summarizing the current research results of circadian clock in the pathogenesis and precision diagnosis and treatment of OSCC,combining the scientific principles of the circadian clock's role and their long-term research experience,then summarizes and recommends the con-sensus opinions for the research of circadian clock in the pathogenesis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of human OSCC,with the hope of providing guidance for the basic research and clinical application of circadian clock or circadian rhythm in the pathogene-sis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

AIM To investigate the therapeutic mechanism of tanshinone ⅡA in a mouse model of chronic colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS).METHODS The BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,and the low-dose and high-dose tanshinone ⅡA groups(10,20 mg/kg).Chronic inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)was induced in the model and tanshinone ⅡA groups by epicutaneous application of 3.75 mg TNBS(dissolved in 48％ethanol),followed by intrarectal administration of TNBS(0.75,1.5 and 2.25 mg in 40％ethanol)on days 7,14 and 21.Starting on day 7 post-modeling,the mice underwent their 14-day consecutive dosing of corresponding drugs by gavage.The mice had their disease activity index(DAI)assessed;their colon length and weight measured;and their levels of inflammatory factors IFN-γ and TNF-α in the colon mucosa detected by ELISA.The wild-type and PXR-/-mice were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,and the tanshinone ⅡA group(20 mg/kg).After modeling and drug administration using the aforementioned method,Masson staining was used to assess the intestinal fibrosis;immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the colon expression of ZO-1 and Occludin proteins;and immunofluorescence was used to detect the colon expression of NF-κB p65.RESULTS Tanshinone ⅡA(20 mg/kg)reduced DAI scores,colon weight/length ratio,and the colon levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α of the mouse models(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Compared with the WT control group,the WT model group and PXR-/-control group exhibited increased colon histopathological scores and fibrosis areas(P＜0.01),decreased protein expressions of ZO-1 and Occludin(P＜0.01),and increased expression of p-NF-κB p65(P＜0.01).Compared with the WT model group,the WT tanshinone ⅡA group showed reduced colon weight/length ratio,histopathological scores,and fibrosis areas(P＜0.01);increased protein expressions of ZO-1 and Occludin(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and decreased expression of p-NF-κB p65(P＜0.01).However,tanshinone ⅡA showed no significant therapeutic effect upon PXR-/-model mice(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION Tanshinone ⅡA(20 mg/kg)can effectively alleviate TNBS-induced chronic colitis in mice,and this protective effect may be exerted by the modulation of PXR/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

An implantable cardiac monitor(ICM)is a subcutaneous electronic device for recording and remotely transmitting electrocardiographic events.New-generation ICM,like the Reveal LINQ,have extended arrhythmia monitoring duration and improved diagnostic yield through miniaturization,large storage capacity,and easy implantation.They provide comprehensive monitoring data for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment,optimize individualized treatment plans,and enhance patient prognosis.In recent years,research on ICM in cardiovascular fields has deepened,and their clinical application scope has expanded.They show significant advantages and unique value and are widely used in early cardiovascular disease diagnosis and prognostic management.In the future,ICM are expected to play a bigger role in boosting diagnostic and prognostic capabilities for cardiovascular disease patients,offering stronger support for early disease detection,accurate diagnosis,and effective management.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the causal relationship between abnormal placental lipid metabolism and trophoblast dysfunction in patients with preeclampsia(PE),and to explore the regulatory effects of PPARγ on trophoblast function under hypoxic conditions.Methods Placental tissues were collected from 30 patients with PE and 30 individuals with normal pregnancies at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2020 and November 2021 for the analysis of lipid deposition.A rat model of PE was established,comprising a sham-operated(Sham)group and a reduced uterine perfusion pressure(Rupp)group,with six rats in each group(n=12 total).Human trophoblast cells(HTR-8/SVneo)were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned to four experimental groups:normoxic control,hypoxia,hypoxia+PPARγ agonist(Rosiglitazone),and hypoxia+PPARγ antagonist(T0070907).The expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes and transcription factors(FASN,FABP4,PPARγ,LXRα)were assessed using RT-qPCR.Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression levels of PPARγ.Cell migration and invasion capacities were evaluated using scratch wound healing and Transwell assays,respectively.Results Placental lipid deposition in the PE group was significantly higher than that in the control group,particularly in the Rupp model mice(P<0.001).Under hypoxic conditions,the expression levels of FASN and FABP4 were upregulated in trophoblast cells(P<0.001),whereas the expression of PPARγ and LXRα was downregulated(P<0.001).Furthermore,treatment with the PPARγ antagonist T0070907 exacerbated the inhibitory effects of hypoxia on cell function(P<0.001),significantly reducing cell invasion and migration capacity(P<0.001).Additional siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments confirmed that PPARγ deficiency further aggravated hypoxia-induced impairments in cell migration and invasion,and this detrimental effect could not be reversed by Rosiglitazone.Conclusions Abnormal placental lipid metabolism in PE is closely linked to PPARγ-mediated enhancement of lipid synthesis and metabolic dysregulation under hypoxic conditions,which may subsequently impair trophoblast invasion and migration.

Aim To investigate the effects of rosavin on hepatocellular steatosis and its mechanism of action.Methods AML-12 and HepG2 cells were induced to undergo hepatocellular steatosis by free fatty acids(FFA),and the optimal inducing concentration was determined by oil red O staining and CCK-8 assay.The cell activity was detected by CCK-8 assay after ro-savin treatment,and the lipid droplet accumulation was observed by oil red O staining.The levels of triglycer-ide(TG),total cholesterol(TC),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(AST),glutamic pyruvic transaminase(ALT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione per-oxidase(GSH-Px),and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by kits.The potential targets of rosavin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)were ana-lyzedby network pharmacology and molecular docking,and the expression of core candidate targets before and after the rosavin intervention was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results Hepatocyte steatosis was induced by FFA,and the intervention of rosavin(25,50 μmol·L-1)reduced the number of intracellular lipid droplets in hepatocytes in a dose-de-pendent manner,also lowered the cellular levels of TG,TC,AST,ALT,elevated the levels of SOD and GSH-Px,and reduced the levels of MDA.Network pharma-cological analysis and molecular docking yielded five core candidate targets:NOS3,MAPK14,PPARG,TNF-α,and IGF-1,and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the action of loxavir significantly re-duced the gene expression of TNF-α and PPARG in hepatocytes after FFA induction.Conclusions Rosa-vin can attenuate the inflammatory response,oxidative stress level,and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by modulating TNF-α and PPARG,thereby ameliorating FFA-induced hepatocellular steatosis.

Objective To investigate the causal relationship between abnormal placental lipid metabolism and trophoblast dysfunction in patients with preeclampsia(PE),and to explore the regulatory effects of PPARγ on trophoblast function under hypoxic conditions.Methods Placental tissues were collected from 30 patients with PE and 30 individuals with normal pregnancies at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2020 and November 2021 for the analysis of lipid deposition.A rat model of PE was established,comprising a sham-operated(Sham)group and a reduced uterine perfusion pressure(Rupp)group,with six rats in each group(n=12 total).Human trophoblast cells(HTR-8/SVneo)were cultured in vitro and randomly assigned to four experimental groups:normoxic control,hypoxia,hypoxia+PPARγ agonist(Rosiglitazone),and hypoxia+PPARγ antagonist(T0070907).The expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes and transcription factors(FASN,FABP4,PPARγ,LXRα)were assessed using RT-qPCR.Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression levels of PPARγ.Cell migration and invasion capacities were evaluated using scratch wound healing and Transwell assays,respectively.Results Placental lipid deposition in the PE group was significantly higher than that in the control group,particularly in the Rupp model mice(P<0.001).Under hypoxic conditions,the expression levels of FASN and FABP4 were upregulated in trophoblast cells(P<0.001),whereas the expression of PPARγ and LXRα was downregulated(P<0.001).Furthermore,treatment with the PPARγ antagonist T0070907 exacerbated the inhibitory effects of hypoxia on cell function(P<0.001),significantly reducing cell invasion and migration capacity(P<0.001).Additional siRNA-mediated knockdown experiments confirmed that PPARγ deficiency further aggravated hypoxia-induced impairments in cell migration and invasion,and this detrimental effect could not be reversed by Rosiglitazone.Conclusions Abnormal placental lipid metabolism in PE is closely linked to PPARγ-mediated enhancement of lipid synthesis and metabolic dysregulation under hypoxic conditions,which may subsequently impair trophoblast invasion and migration.