BACKGROUND:Knee osteoarthritis is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly people.It is a kind of disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients and even has the risk of disability.Therefore,the pathogenesis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis have become the focus of research.In Chinese medicine,knee osteoarthritis is often treated as"biness,"which is closely related to"biness"caused by blood stasis and blood vessels blocking collaterals in the theory of"blood stasis"in traditional Chinese medicine.Iron overload is a kind of pathological state caused by iron metabolism disorder,which highly coincides with the pathogenic characteristics and clinical manifestations of the"blood stasis"theory of traditional Chinese medicine,and is a risk factor that promotes the development of knee osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:Based on the"blood stasis"theory,to summarize the effects of iron overload on cartilage metabolism and subchondral bone reconstruction,to lay a new theoretical foundation for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with traditional Chinese medicine,and to explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation after interfering with bone tissue. METHODS:CNKI,WanFang database,PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant literature.The Chinese search terms were"ferroptosis,iron,iron overload,osteoarthritis,blood stasis"and the English search terms were"ferroptosis,iron,iron overload,osteoarthritis,TCM."In the end,76 articles were included for further review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:First of all,we explored the potential of the"blood stasis"theory in treating knee osteoarthritis,and found that"blood stasis"is a crucial part in the progress of knee osteoarthritis,indicating that the"blood stasis"theory is the key to the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in traditional Chinese medicine.Secondly,"blood stasis"and iron overload have a high degree of similarity in pathogenic factors,clinical manifestations,and pathogenic characteristics,suggesting the possibility of"blood stasis"theory in treating iron overload.This finding reminds us that iron overload may be an important mechanistic basis for the"blood stasis"theory in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.The extracts of blood-activating drugs can relieve iron overload and treat knee osteoarthritis,but the specific mechanism is still unclear.Therefore,we believe that the relationship between"blood stasis"theory and iron overload and related mechanisms are important research directions for knee osteoarthritis in the future.The related mechanism of"blood stasis"theory to alleviate iron overload and then treat knee osteoarthritis also provides a theoretical basis for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine,such as the development of new drugs and innovative usage,and has certain guiding significance for clinical practice.

Tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (TDF) is a anti human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus drug, which is commonly used in clinic. The osteotoxicity of TDF has always been a key issue of clinical concern. The bone toxicity of TDF is related to hypophosphatemia secondary to renal tubular toxicity. At present, there are few systematic descriptions of bone metabolism changes caused by TDF. In this paper, the effects of TDF on bone metabolism are reviewed from 3 aspects: its effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, bone turnover, and bone structure and fracture.

Tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (TDF) is a anti human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus drug, which is commonly used in clinic. The osteotoxicity of TDF has always been a key issue of clinical concern. The bone toxicity of TDF is related to hypophosphatemia secondary to renal tubular toxicity. At present, there are few systematic descriptions of bone metabolism changes caused by TDF. In this paper, the effects of TDF on bone metabolism are reviewed from 3 aspects: its effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, bone turnover, and bone structure and fracture.

In order to screen African swine fever virus (ASFV) diagnostic antigen with the best enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reactivity. By establishing the ELISA method, the diagnostic antigen of ASFV p30 protein expressed by baculovirus-insect cell expression system as reference, we explored the antigenic properties and diagnostic potential of ASFV p35 protein expressed by prokaryotic expression system as a diagnostic antigen. The results of Western blotting and immunofluorescence show that the molecular weight of the recombinant p35 protein and p30 protein obtained was 40 kDa and 30 kDa, respectively, and these two proteins had good immuno-reactivity with ASFV positive serum. Recombinant p30 and p35 proteins were used as diagnostic antigens to establish ELISA, and the sensitivity and repeatability of these methods were tested. The results show that although the detection sensitivity of the p30-ELISA established in this study was higher than that of the p35-ELISA, the sensitivity of p35-ELISA was 95.8%, and variations in intra- and inter-assay repeatability of the two methods were less than 10%. The coincidence rate between the p35-ELISA and the imported kit was 97.2%. Results show that p35-ELISA was sensitive and stable, and could detect specific antibodies against ASFV.
African Swine Fever/diagnosis* ; African Swine Fever Virus/genetics* ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics* ; Swine

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and follow-up results of children with acute exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP), and to investigate the diagnosis strategy, treatment and risk factors of ELP.Methods:The clinical features, imaging manifestations, results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), treatment methods and prognosis of 41 ELP inpatients in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University from May 2013 to May 2018, were summarized and analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed.Results:(1) Among 41 patients, 29 cases were male and 12 cases were female.The age of onset ranged from 4 to 53 months.Most of them (35/41 cases, 85.4%) were less than 3 years old, and the majority were aged 1 to 2 years (23/41 cases, 56.1%). (2) The grease taken by children by accident included perfume oil (11 cases), white electric oil (7 cases), electric mosquito oil (5 cases), lubricating oil (5 cases), paraffin oil (4 cases), gasoline/diesel oil (3 cases), kerosene (2 cases), cod-liver oil (2 cases), sewing machine oil (1 case), and unclear oil (1 case). (3) The main clinical manifestations were cough (26/41 cases, 63.4%), shortness of breath (23/41 cases, 56.1%), fever (17/41 cases, 41.5%), cyanosis with hypoxemia (15/41 cases, 36.6%), wheezing (9/41 cases, 22.1%), respiratory distress (9/41 cases, 22.1%), pulmonary hemorrhage (6/41 cases, 14.7%), feeding difficulties and transient vomiting (4/41 cases, 9.8%). Some cases showed no symptoms (3/41 cases, 7.3%). (4) Chest X-ray mainly showed bilateral pulmonary exudative changes or pulmonary consolidation.The most common sign of high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) was local or extensive exudation, often accompanied by pulmonary consolidation (18/41 cases, 43.9%). The most common affected sites were bilateral lower lobes (8/41 cases, 19.5%), followed by right lower lobes (3/41 cases, 7.3%), right middle lobes (2/41 cases, 4.8%) and left lower lobes (2/41 cases, 4.8%). Other signs included alveolar changes, hyperventilation, ground glass changes, and nodule formation.(5) Seven children needed mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure, and all patients underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). All patients recovered without death, with (11.67±4.90) days of hospitalization, and the hospitalization time of ELP patients with adenovirus infection was (19.25±5.93) days.Nine of them were lost to follow-up (8 cases were mild and 1 case was severe). The symptoms of the remaining children disappeared within 1 week to 1 month.The lung images of 21 cases returned to normal within 1 month after discharge, 7 cases returned to normal within 3 months after discharge, and 4 cases returned to normal after 6 months.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations and lung imaging of children with acute ELP have no specificity.Pulmonary imaging of severe patients shows multiple lobes involved, and consolidation and vacuolar changes may occur.Most patients have a favorable prognosis.Co-infection, especially adenovirus infection, may be a risk factor for acute ELP in children.BAL can play a role in both diagnosis and treatment, and its combination with local/systemic glucocorticoid therapy is effective for severe acute ELP.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the quantification and significance of Msx2, topoII-α; HPV16 and VEGF in sinonasal inverted papilloma(SNIP), to study the correlation among the four factors,and to discover the relationship between Msx2 and topoII-α in the process of SNIP malignant transfomation. METHOD: Real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of Msx2, topoII-α, HPV16 and VEGF in 13 cases of sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), 10 cases of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma(NSCC) and 10 cases of inflammatory nasal polyp paraffin (INP)tissues. According to the pathology results SNIP were divided into mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia. All the data were analysised by SPSS17. 0, P<0. 05 was refered to statistically significant difference. RESULT: The mRNA level of Msx2, topoII-α, VEGF and HPV16 in SNIP, NSCC tissues were significantly higher than in the INP tissues (P<0. 05). The expression differences of Msx2, topoII-α, HPV16 and VEGF mRNA level in SNIP tissues which were divided into three groups according to their pathological results,were all statistically significantly different between any two of the three groups (P< 0. 05). Using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis,we found positive correlation between any two of the mRNA level of Msx2, topoII-α, VEGF and HPV16 (P<0. 05). CONCLUSION Msx2 and topoII-α may play an important role in the process of SNIP Malignant transformation,which may be new targets for gene therapy of SNIP and NSCC.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; physiology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; physiology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; physiology ; Genes, Homeobox ; Homeodomain Proteins ; physiology ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans ; Nose Neoplasms ; genetics ; Papilloma, Inverted ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; physiology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and significance of muscle segment homeobox2 (Msx2) and topo II-alpha in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), and the relationship in the process of malignant transformation of SNIP. METHOD: Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of Msx2 and topo II-alpha in 32 cases of SNIP, 30 cases of inflammatory nasal polyp (INP) and 30 cases of SNIP with carcinoma. According to the pathology results, SNIP were divided into mild atypical hyperplasia, moderate atypical hyperplasia and severe atypical hyperplasia. RESULT: The mean optical density of Msx2 in SNIP and SNIP with carcinoma tissues were 0.2183 +/- 0.0598 and 0.2521 +/- 0.0761,which were significantly higher than 0.1878 +/- 0. 0372 in the INP tissue (P<0.05 or 0.01). The mean optical density of topo II-alpha in SNIP and SNIP with carcinoma tissues were 0.2303 +/- 0.0397 and 0.2666 +/- 0.0483, which were significantly higher than 0.1978 +/- 0.0388 in the NIP tissue (P<0.01). There were significant difference of Msx2 and topo II-alpha in SNIP between any two of the three groups divided according to pathological morphology (P<0.01 or 0.05). The expression of Msx2 and topo II-alpha in SNIP were positively correlated (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Msx2 and topo II-alpha may play an important role in the occurrence and development of SNIP. So it can be used as new therapeutic targets.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology

To investigate the security of semen biologically, 15 bull semen samples were collected (of which 5 exhibited clinical signs of Foot-and-mouth disease) and identified by RT-PCR and virus isolation. The results indicated that the semen of the infected bulls were contaminated by Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), but FMDV was not detected in semen samples from those bulls not showing clinical signs of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). This is the first report of the presence of FMDV in bull semen due to natural infection in China. The analysis of the partial sequence of the VP1 gene showed that the virus strain isolated from semen has 97.9% identity with the virus isolated from vesicular liquid of infected bulls showing typical signs of FMD and belonged to the same gene sub-group.

BACKGROUND: Cytogenetic evidence suggests that chromosomal alteration are not randomly occurring events and some malignancies are characterized by specific chromosome abnormalities, which provides cytogenetic basis for the expression of oncogenes.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of chromosomal karyotype and marker chromosome of breast cancer cell lines Bcap-37and MCF-7 by means of G-banding chromosomal analysis.DESIGN: A controlled experiment with breast cancer cells as observation subjects.SETTING: Department of Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center.MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the Department of Medical Genetics of Peking University Health Science Center from April 1991 to May 1992 using breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and Bcap-37.METHODS: The chromosomes of human breast cancer cell lines Bcap-37and MCF-7 were obtained by growth synchronization induced by hypothermia and colchicines treatment. The cells at prometaphase or metaphase underwent G-banding chromosomal analysis. For each cell line, 50 to 60 mitotic figures were counted and 15 or 16 G-binding karyotypes were analyzed, including the mitotic figure at the level of about 320- and 500-band .MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Abnormality in chromosome number and structural aberration of the two breast cancer cell lines.RESULTS:The modal chromosomal number of Bcap-37 cell line was 63, of which 17 marker chromosomes had identifiable structure, as compared with 13 out of 56 chromosomes in modal number of MCF-7 cell line.CONCLUSION: Both of the two breast cancer cell lines have complex cytogenetic abnormality in the modal number and structure of the chromosomes, which might result in the rearrangement of DNA sequence of the cancer-related genes or DNA depletion, so as to play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of breast cancer.

Objective: To establish a metastatic cell line from distant organ metastasis using Mc3 cell line in nude mice. Methods: Tail vein injection of Mc3 cells and cell culture technic were employed to induce metastasis in distant organ . Cell counting and flow cytometry were used to study the cell growth. Karyotype analysis and histopathological observation were used to study the morphological features with light and electron microscopy. Results: Paralized nude mouse was observed in 1 out of 50 experimental nude mice. The cells derived from the spinal cord were cultured and transferred for more than 50 passages. The cells were proved to be of mucoepidermoid carcinoma from human being by the morphology, histopathology and karyotype of the cells. The population doubling time and S-phase cell of the cells were 43 h and 22.7% respectively. The cell line was named Ms. Conclusion: Ms is a metastatic cell line of spinal cord metastasis in nude mouse derived from human mucoepidermoid cacinoma cells.