Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Objective:To compare the accuracy of intraoral scanning for complete-arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis using umbrella scan bodies (USB) and conventional scan bodies (CSB), providing a reference for the clinical application of umbrella-shaped scanning bodies.Methods:A new type of umbrella-shaped scanning body and its matching auxiliary bar were independently developed. A maxillary type Ⅳ dental stone model with six parallel implant abutment analogs was fabricated. Conventional scanning bodies were installed on the model, and a laboratory scanner was used to scan the model as reference data. The CSB, USB, and USB combined with an auxiliary bar (U+SB) were installed on the model, respectively. A single attending physician performed intraoral scanning 10 times for each group using an intraoral scanner, serving as test group data (CSB, USB, U+SB). The test data were best-fit aligned with the virtual abutment models generated from the reference data. The trueness and precision of root-mean-square error (RMSE) values, inter-abutment distance deviations, angular deviations, and scanning time were measured and calculated. Repeated measures ANOVA and generalized estimating equation models were used for statistical analysis.Results:The trueness of RMSE values [(48.0±12.6) and (45.9±13.4) μm] and distance deviations [(64.5±60.2) and (63.8±54.4) μm] of the USB and U+SB groups were significantly better than those of the CSB group [(81.9±23.9) and (90.0±85.2) μm] (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in trueness of RMSE values and distance deviations between the USB group and U+SB group (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the precision of RMSE values and angular deviations among the three groups (all P>0.05). The scanning time of the USB group and U+SB group [(54.3±11.8) and (35.8±10.1) s] was significantly shorter than that of CSB group [(108.7±38.9) s] (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with conventional scanning bodies, the new umbrella-shaped scanning body demonstrates higher accuracy and efficiency for intraoral scanning impressions in complete-arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis.

Intricate and complex interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment(TME)are essential driving factors in tumor development and metastasis.In recent years,modulation of TME to reverse tumor progression has garnered significant attention as a therapeutic strategy.For precise and targeted tumor treatment,there is an urgent need for accurate and effective TME tar-get molecules and relevant prediction model.Fibronectin,a protein with multiple domains in extracellular matrix(ECM),plays a cru-cial role in physiological and pathological processes.Particularly,Fibronectin extra domain B(FN-EDB)in fibronectin is pivotal in regulating interaction between ECM and cells.During active tissue remodeling processes,especially in angiogenesis,FN-EDB expres-sion tends to increase.Studies have indicated that FN-EDB is involved in regulating various key aspects of tumorigenesis,including promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis,influencing development of immune evasion mechanisms,enhancing tumor angiogene-sis,and contributing to development of chemoresistance.Therefore,targeting FN-EDB as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treat-ment and developing relevant therapeutic drugs hold significant importance and promising clinical prospects.This article reviews roles of FN-EDB in TME in recent years and research progress on tumor immunotherapy targeting this molecule,with aim of providing new insights and strategies for cancer treatment.

Objective:To compare the accuracy of intraoral scanning for complete-arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis using umbrella scan bodies (USB) and conventional scan bodies (CSB), providing a reference for the clinical application of umbrella-shaped scanning bodies.Methods:A new type of umbrella-shaped scanning body and its matching auxiliary bar were independently developed. A maxillary type Ⅳ dental stone model with six parallel implant abutment analogs was fabricated. Conventional scanning bodies were installed on the model, and a laboratory scanner was used to scan the model as reference data. The CSB, USB, and USB combined with an auxiliary bar (U+SB) were installed on the model, respectively. A single attending physician performed intraoral scanning 10 times for each group using an intraoral scanner, serving as test group data (CSB, USB, U+SB). The test data were best-fit aligned with the virtual abutment models generated from the reference data. The trueness and precision of root-mean-square error (RMSE) values, inter-abutment distance deviations, angular deviations, and scanning time were measured and calculated. Repeated measures ANOVA and generalized estimating equation models were used for statistical analysis.Results:The trueness of RMSE values [(48.0±12.6) and (45.9±13.4) μm] and distance deviations [(64.5±60.2) and (63.8±54.4) μm] of the USB and U+SB groups were significantly better than those of the CSB group [(81.9±23.9) and (90.0±85.2) μm] (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in trueness of RMSE values and distance deviations between the USB group and U+SB group (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the precision of RMSE values and angular deviations among the three groups (all P>0.05). The scanning time of the USB group and U+SB group [(54.3±11.8) and (35.8±10.1) s] was significantly shorter than that of CSB group [(108.7±38.9) s] (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with conventional scanning bodies, the new umbrella-shaped scanning body demonstrates higher accuracy and efficiency for intraoral scanning impressions in complete-arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis.

Intricate and complex interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment(TME)are essential driving factors in tumor development and metastasis.In recent years,modulation of TME to reverse tumor progression has garnered significant attention as a therapeutic strategy.For precise and targeted tumor treatment,there is an urgent need for accurate and effective TME tar-get molecules and relevant prediction model.Fibronectin,a protein with multiple domains in extracellular matrix(ECM),plays a cru-cial role in physiological and pathological processes.Particularly,Fibronectin extra domain B(FN-EDB)in fibronectin is pivotal in regulating interaction between ECM and cells.During active tissue remodeling processes,especially in angiogenesis,FN-EDB expres-sion tends to increase.Studies have indicated that FN-EDB is involved in regulating various key aspects of tumorigenesis,including promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis,influencing development of immune evasion mechanisms,enhancing tumor angiogene-sis,and contributing to development of chemoresistance.Therefore,targeting FN-EDB as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treat-ment and developing relevant therapeutic drugs hold significant importance and promising clinical prospects.This article reviews roles of FN-EDB in TME in recent years and research progress on tumor immunotherapy targeting this molecule,with aim of providing new insights and strategies for cancer treatment.

The liver reserve function refers to the compensatory ability to maintain liver function after damage, providing implication for the resection of hepatic malignant tumor. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy imaging can provide quantitative evaluation of liver blood perfusion, and has advantages on the evaluation of liver reserve function and the prediction of postoperative complications. 99Tc m-galactosyl serum albumin (GSA) and 99Tc m-mebrofenin are commonly used imaging agents for hepatobiliary scintigraphy imaging assessment of liver reserve function. This article reviews the application and progress of hepatobiliary scintigraphy in liver reserve function assessment.

In recent years, the biopharmaceutical industry has developed rapidly, creating urgent demand for high-quality, innovative, and application-oriented talents. In the context of "first-class undergraduate education", it is of great significance to reform and explore biopharmaceutics blended learning to foster professional talents who can adapt to the industrial development. The blended teaching of biopharmaceutics course in Hubei University was based on small private online course (SPOC) and ChaoXing platform, aiming to meet the first-class "AIC (advanced, innovation, challenge)". The course strengthened the three phases of teaching: before, during, and after class, and innovated teaching methods actively to achieve curriculum goals, and integrated typical cases organically. In addition, the course improved the discriminative power of assessment by strengthening the formative performance evaluation. Moreover, the course provided guidance for students to improve the learning efficiency through investigating the students' learning behavior and employing the marginal utility curve to analyze the characteristics of group activities. Furthermore, the course also offered students personalized learning guidance based on their career planning. The reform of biopharmaceutics blended teaching has achieved significant outcomes, such as improving students' satisfaction, students' innovation and entrepreneurship ability, and curriculum construction level, thus may serve as a reference for the teaching reform and research of the related courses.
Humans ; Biopharmaceutics ; Curriculum ; Learning ; Students

Objective To develop a diagnostic model based on deep neural network for intelligent discrimination of thyroid function. Methods A total of 1616 patients ( 283 males, 1333 females, average age:52 years) who underwent thyroid imaging between May 2016 and June 2018 were selected. According to the clinical diagnosis, the 1616 cases included 299 normal thyroid cases, 876 hyperthyroidism cases and 441 hypothyroidism cases. Feature extraction and learning training were performed on 1000 training set sam-ples by two deep neural network models ( AlexNet;deep convolution generative adversarial networks ( DCGAN) ) using deep learning algorithm. Performance verifications were implemented on 616 test set samples. The con-sistency between the verification results of the two models and the clinical diagnosis was analyzed by Kappa test. Meanwhile, the time advantage of the intelligent diagnosis models was analyzed. Results The average diagnostic time of AlexNet model was 1 s/case, and the classification accuracy for normal thyroid, hyperthy-roidism, hypothyroidism were 82.29％(79/96), 94.62％(369/390), 100％(130/130), respectively. The Kappa value between results of AlexNet model and clinical diagnosis was 0.886 ( P<0.05) . The average di-agnostic time of DCGAN model was 1 s/case, and the classification accuracy for normal thyroid, hyperthy-roidism, hypothyroidism were 85.42％(82/96), 95.64％(373/390), 99.23％(129/130), respectively. The Kappa value between results of DCGAN model and clinical diagnosis was 0.904 ( P<0.05) . Conclusion The deep neural network intelligent diagnosis model can quickly determine the functional status of thyroid gland in thyroid imaging, and it has a high recognition accuracy, thus providing a new method for thyroid image review.

Objective To analyze the etiology of pseudoachalasia.Methods Patients who were diagnosed as having pseudoachalasia in Endoscopy Center of The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from September 2010 to June 2015 were retrospectively analysed.Results A total of 12 patients were enrolled in this study,6 males and 6 females.The median age,median disease duration and median Eckcardt score was 54.5(24.0～71.0) years old,2.5(0.2～ 10.0) years and 4(3～9),respectively.Seven cases were caused by malignant tumors,2 had benign tumors,and 3 peptic stricture.Conclusion The most common cause of pseudoachalasia is malignant tumors.Accurate diagnosis relies on the comprehensive medical history and complete examinations.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of a new endoscopic suturing device(OverStitchTM, Apollo Endosurgery, USA)for gastrointestinal wall defect after endoscopic full?thickness resection (EFTR). Methods Clinical data of the patients with submucosal tumors who underwent endoscopic suturing closure of gastrointestinal wall defect at the Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital from April 2015 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Five patients were included in this research with 4 lesions located in stom?ach and 1 lesion located in descendent duodenum. The mean diameter of lesions was 3?? 2 cm (ranging 2?? 0?5?? 0 cm). All patients underwent complete closure and none of them was converted to laparoscopic surgery or laparotomy. The mean repairing time was 16?? 6 min (ranging 11?? 0?22?? 0 min). The mean postoperative hospi?talization time was 5 days ( ranging 4?6 d). Two patients complained about slight abdominal pain and elevated body temperature. CT showed minor pleural effusion in one case. These patients received antibiotics, were on gastrointestinal decompression and asked to maintain the semi?supine position and discharged after 3 to 4 days. Conclusion Endoscopic suturing closure of gastrointestinal wall defect with the OverStitchTM en?doscopic suturing device is technically fast, feasible and safe.