Purpose This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of TLDC2 in colorec-tal adenocarcinoma.Methods Data from the human protein atlas(HPA)and the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)indi-cated that TLDC2 was highly expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma.We further analyzed the expression of TLDC2 in 400 colorectal adenocarcinomas and 447 other solid tumors using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemical(IHC)staining.Result The positive expression rate of TLDC2 was significantly higher than that of SATB2 in colorectal ade-nocarcinomas(96.5％vs 87.0％,P＜0.000 1).TLDC2 positivity exceeded that of SATB2 in both low-or high-grade colorectal adenocarcinoma(99.4％vs 88.7％,P＜0.000 1;83.3％vs 79.2％,P=0.669 9).In addition,the expression of TLDC2 and SATB2 was evaluated in 447 cases of other types of solid tumors.TLDC2 was expressed in neuroendocrine tumors as well as in gastric and appendiceal adenocarcinomas,whereas SATB2 was detected in a small number of melanomas,ovarian cancers,breast cancers and gallbladder cancers.The positive and specificity of TLDC2 for colorectal adenocarcinoma were 97％(95％CI=0.94-0.98)and 85％(95％CI=0.81-0.88),respectively.Combined detection of TLDC2 and SATB2 yielded a sensitivity of 96％(95％CI=0.93-0.97)and a specificity of 93％(95％CI=0.90-0.95).Conclusion Analysis of large-scale datasets and IHC staining demonstrated that TLDC2 is a highly sensitive and specific biomarker for colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of Lewy bodies, leading to motor and nonmotor symptoms. While both genetic and environmental factors contribute to PD, recent studies highlight the crucial role of lipid metabolism disturbances in disease progression. Altered lipid homeostasis promotes protein aggregation and oxidative stress, with significant changes in lipid classes such as sphingolipids and glycerolipids observed in patients with PD. These disturbances are involved in key pathological processes, such as α-synuclein aggregation, organelle dysfunction, lipid-mediated neuroinflammation, and impaired lipid homeostasis. This review examines the relationship between lipid species and PD progression, focusing on the physiological roles of lipids in the central nervous system. It explores the mechanistic links between lipid metabolism and PD pathology, along with lipid-related genetic risk factors. Furthermore, this review discusses lipid-targeting therapeutic strategies to mitigate PD progression, emphasizing the potential of lipid modulation for effective treatment development.
Humans ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism* ; Lipid Metabolism/physiology* ; Animals ; Oxidative Stress/physiology* ; alpha-Synuclein/metabolism*

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the natural outcome of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(LSIL)of the cervix.Methods A total of 154 patients who underwent colposcopic cervical biopsy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected and divided into negative conversion group(55 cases),continuous group(70 cases)and upgraded group(29 cases)according to the follow-up results.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of related factors on the outcome of LSIL.Results There were statistically significant differences in the number of vaginal births,the results of thin-prep cytology test,human papilloma virus(HPV)typing,whether vaginal LSIL was combined,whether there were symptoms,and vaginal microecology among three groups(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that combined vaginal LSIL,vaginal microecological abnormalities,atypical squamous cell-cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(ASC-H)/high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL),HPV 16/18 positive or mixed positive were independent risk factors for persistent infection(P＜0.05),combined vaginal LSIL,symptomatic,vaginal microecological abnormalities,ASC-H/HSIL,HPV 16/18 positive or mixed positive were all independent risk factors for escalation of lesions(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with vaginal LSIL,vaginal microecological abnormalities,ASC-H/HSIL,HPV 16/18 positive or mixed positive should be followed up and early intervention to reduce the risk of disease escalation.

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of TLDC2 in colorec-tal adenocarcinoma.Methods Data from the human protein atlas(HPA)and the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)indi-cated that TLDC2 was highly expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma.We further analyzed the expression of TLDC2 in 400 colorectal adenocarcinomas and 447 other solid tumors using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemical(IHC)staining.Result The positive expression rate of TLDC2 was significantly higher than that of SATB2 in colorectal ade-nocarcinomas(96.5％vs 87.0％,P＜0.000 1).TLDC2 positivity exceeded that of SATB2 in both low-or high-grade colorectal adenocarcinoma(99.4％vs 88.7％,P＜0.000 1;83.3％vs 79.2％,P=0.669 9).In addition,the expression of TLDC2 and SATB2 was evaluated in 447 cases of other types of solid tumors.TLDC2 was expressed in neuroendocrine tumors as well as in gastric and appendiceal adenocarcinomas,whereas SATB2 was detected in a small number of melanomas,ovarian cancers,breast cancers and gallbladder cancers.The positive and specificity of TLDC2 for colorectal adenocarcinoma were 97％(95％CI=0.94-0.98)and 85％(95％CI=0.81-0.88),respectively.Combined detection of TLDC2 and SATB2 yielded a sensitivity of 96％(95％CI=0.93-0.97)and a specificity of 93％(95％CI=0.90-0.95).Conclusion Analysis of large-scale datasets and IHC staining demonstrated that TLDC2 is a highly sensitive and specific biomarker for colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the natural outcome of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(LSIL)of the cervix.Methods A total of 154 patients who underwent colposcopic cervical biopsy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected and divided into negative conversion group(55 cases),continuous group(70 cases)and upgraded group(29 cases)according to the follow-up results.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of related factors on the outcome of LSIL.Results There were statistically significant differences in the number of vaginal births,the results of thin-prep cytology test,human papilloma virus(HPV)typing,whether vaginal LSIL was combined,whether there were symptoms,and vaginal microecology among three groups(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that combined vaginal LSIL,vaginal microecological abnormalities,atypical squamous cell-cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(ASC-H)/high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL),HPV 16/18 positive or mixed positive were independent risk factors for persistent infection(P＜0.05),combined vaginal LSIL,symptomatic,vaginal microecological abnormalities,ASC-H/HSIL,HPV 16/18 positive or mixed positive were all independent risk factors for escalation of lesions(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with vaginal LSIL,vaginal microecological abnormalities,ASC-H/HSIL,HPV 16/18 positive or mixed positive should be followed up and early intervention to reduce the risk of disease escalation.

Hypoxia is associated with the occurrence and development of many diseases in clinical settings.Cell hypoxia not only serves as a vital marker for disease advancement,but also plays a pivotal role in exacerbating the disease process,and improving tissue hypoxia may thus provide new strategies for the treatment of related diseases.Further investigation of these diseases at the cellular and molecular levels requires the establishment of a cellular hypoxia model.Current extensively employed hypoxic cell models can be categorized primarily into three types:chemical hypoxia,physical hypoxia,and glucose deprivation hypoxia models.This article reviews the various types of hypoxic cell models and scrutinizes their applications and limitations in disease research.

At present,the commonly used clinical protocols of oral comestic restoration are mostly based on the aes-thetic indicators proposed by Western developed countries(referred to as Western aesthetics).Mechanically copying the Western aesthetic scheme,ignoring the difference between it and the Chinese oral aesthetic indicators(referred to as Chinese aesthetics),is unable to effectively support personalized cosmetic restoration diagnosis and treatment.In addition,new technologies and new solutions for cosmetic restoration,which are developing rapidly in recent years,are emerging one after another,but many popular concepts are confusing and lack of proper hierarchical diagnosis and treatment norms,and there is indeed an urgent need for discussion and clarity.From the perspective of serving clinical application,this paper discusses the deficiencies of the Chinese translation of the word"aesthetics",the diffe-rence and connection between aesthetics and cosmetolo-gy,and the relationship between cosmetic restoration and fixed restoration.It also discusses the difference be-tween anterior teeth,esthetic zone and exposed zone,the diagnostic and therapeutic value of oral aesthetic analysis,as well as the application methods of desensitization,suggestion,and other therapies in difficult oral cosmetic restoration cases.We further introduce the decision tree and the clinical pathway for restoration and reconstruction of teeth in ex-posed zone guided by aesthetic analysis,and introduce the clinical process of aesthetic analysis and evaluation,the clinical triclassification of oral cosmetic restoration,and the corresponding clinical classification diagnosis and treat-ment points.

At present,the commonly used clinical protocols of oral cosmetic restoration are mostly based on the oral aesthetic indexes proposed by Western developed countries(referred to as Western aesthetics),which are different from the oral aesthetic indexes unique to Chinese people(referred to as Chinese aesthetics).In the design of restoration schemes and the evaluation of restoration effects,these differences have a large or small effect on the doctor-patient-tech-nology triad.Improper handling could directly weaken the cooperation efficiency of the three parties,reduce patient satis-faction,and even lead to medical disputes in serious cases.From doing a good job of oral cosmetic restoration in China,the connotative characteristics of Chinese oral aesthetics are introduced in this paper,and the value of oral aesthetic anal-ysis in diagnosis and treatment is discussed.The process and method of aesthetic analysis and assessment through the modified Chinese psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire and the evaluation ruler of the expected value of oral cosmetic restoration are further introduced in detail.

Objective To evaluate the value of rs61330082 and rs4730153 polymorphisms of Visfatin locus for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in a high-risk population.Methods SNPscanTM high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism typing technique was used to genotype Visfatin gene loci rs61330082 and rs4730153 in 346 T2DM patients(T2DM group)and 1426 normal controls(NC group).Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze T2DM risk factors.ROC curves were used to analyze the optimal cut-off values of Visfatin gene rs61330082 and rs4730153 for the diagnosis of T2DM.Results The proportion of women,age,obesity,smoking,hypertension,FPG,HbA1c and TG were higher in T2DM group than those in NC group(P<0.01)and HDL-C was lower than in NC group(P<0.01).The frequency of G allele and GG genotype was higher in T2DM group compared with NC group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,female,obesity,hypertension,TG,and GG genotype at rs4730153 locus were risk factors for T2DM,HDL-C was a protective factor for T2DM.The area under the ROC curve of GG genotype at Visfatin rs4730153 mutation for diagnosis of T2DM was 0.668 and the optimal cut-off point for predicting T2DM was 20.04%,with sensitivity 60.1%and specificity 66.1%,respectively.Conclusion The GG genotype of Visfatin gene rs4730153 locus is associated with the risk of T2DM and can beused as a candidate gene for predicting phenotype of T2DM.

Objective:To explore the correlation between clinical classification and genotype and prognosis among Chinese children with Very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD).Methods:A Chinese pedigree affected with VLCADD admitted at the First People′s Hospital of Yunnan Province in February 2019 was selected as the study subject. The characteristics of disease onset, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. Relevant literature was also systematically searched and reviewed.Results:The proband, a 1-year-old boy, had the clinical manifestations of frequently vomiting, hypoglycemia, abnormal liver function and myocardial enzymes. Tandem mass spectrometry screening showed significantly elevated C14, C14: 1, C16: 1, C16: 2, C18 and C14/C8. Genetic testing revealed that he has harbored compound heterozygous variants of the ACADVL gene, namely c. 664G>A (p.G222R) and c. 1345G>A (p.E449K), which were respectively derived from his father and mother. The child was diagnosed with VLCADD cardiomyopathy type and deceased 2 weeks later. Literature review has identified 60 Chinese children with VLCADD. The clinical classifications were mainly cardiomyopathy type and liver disease type, which accounted for 73.3% (43/60). The combination of ACADVL gene variants were correlated with the clinical classifications of VLCAD. Children with one or two loss-of-function (LOF) mutations showed more severe clinical manifestation and a higher mortality. Cardiomyopathy type had the poorest prognosis, with a mortality rate of 76.9% (20/26). C14: 1 may be used as an indicator for the diagnosis of VLCADD, but cannot be used for clinical subtyping and prognosis evaluation. The c. 1349G>A (p.R450H) variant had the highest frequency among the Chinese patients, accounting for 10.8% (13/120). Conclusion:The clinical classifications of VLCADD are strongly correlated with the prognosis, and LOF mutations are more common in those with severe clinical manifestations. c. 1349G>A (p.R450H) may be the most common variant among the Chinese patients, and early screening and diagnosis can greatly improve the prognosis of patients.