ObjectiveTo explore the imbalance of paravertebral muscle group for patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation. MethodsFrom January, 2022 to January, 2023, 30 patients with unilateral lumbar disc herniation (observation group) and 30 healthy people matching in general data (control group) were measured the tension and stiffness of multifidus and erector spinae with MyotonPRO, while the observation group was assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, and the time of disease was also recorded. ResultsThe mean of bilateral tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae was more in the observation group than in the control group (|t| > 5.407, P < 0.001), and the tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae of the affected side were more than those of the unaffected side in the observation group (|t| > 11.219, P < 0.001). The tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae of the affected side were positively correlated with VAS score (r > 0.942, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with JOA score (|r| > 0.886, P < 0.001). ConclusionThe tension and hardness of multifidus and erector spinae of the affected side increase after unilateral lumbar disc herniation, resulting in asymmetry.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of echo intensity of ultrasound image for quality of quadriceps femoris in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). MethodsFrom March to December, 2021, 33 patients with unilateral KOA in Guangdong Provincial Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were included. Ultrasound was used to observe the cross sections of rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL), and the images were saved. Two independent raters analyzed the average gray value of the picture with the Image J. One of the raters repeated the measurement. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimum detectable change (MDC) and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated and the Bland-Altman charts were drawn. ResultsThe gray value was higher in the RF, VM and VL in the affected side than in the healthy side (t > 2.262, P < 0.05). The inter-rater reliability was excellent, with ICC 0.982 to 0.995, SEM 1.60 to 3.82, CV 1.49% to 5.90%, and MDC value 4.43 to 10.59. The test-retest reliability of the rater was excellent, with ICC 0.969 to 0.990, SEM 2.37 to 5.41, CV 2.22% to 4.84%, and MDC value 6.57 to 15.00. Bland-Altman charts analysis showed that the consistency was good. ConclusionThe quadriceps femoris muscle quality is different between the affected and the healthy sides in patients with unilateral KOA. It is reliable to evaluate muscle echo intensity by Image J.

Organoids are three-dimensional structures formed by self-organizing growth of cells in vitro, which own many structures and functions similar with those of corresponding in vivo organs. Although the organoid culture technologies are rapidly developed and the original cells are abundant, the organoid cultured by current technologies are rather different with the real organs, which limits their application. The major challenges of organoid cultures are the immature tissue structure and restricted growth, both of which are caused by poor functional vasculature. Therefore, how to develop the vascularization of organoids has become an urgent problem. We presently reviewed the progresses on the original cells of organoids and the current methods to develop organoids vascularization, which provide clues to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Humans ; Organoids ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Technology

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the location and volume of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and lacunar infarction (LI) in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).Methods:Participants from the CSVD cohort in the Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University from February 2017 to March 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans, standardized clinical assessment and diagnosis. AccuBrain, an automatic brain segmentation and quantification software developed by the Chinese University of Hong Kong, was used to quantitatively analyze the volume of CMBs and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Ordered multi-class logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of LI, and then multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation between the volume of deep or infratentorial CMBs (DI-CMBs) and the number of LI. Results:A total of 317 patients with CSVD were included in the analysis, including 214 (67.5%) in the non-LI group, 43 (13.6%) in the single LI group, and 60 (18.9%) in the multiple LI group. The comparison of the three groups showed that older age, male, smoking, drinking, history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, larger CMBs and WMHs volume, higher enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) grade might be the risk factors for LI. Ordinal multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male (odds ratio [ OR] 2.058, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.084-3.909; P=0.027), previous stroke or TIA history ( OR 1.962, 95% CI 1.089-3.535; P=0.025), larger WMH volume ( OR 8.716, 95% CI 4.034-18.832; P<0.001), higher EPVS grade ( OR 1.915, 95% CI 1.292-2.839; P=0.001), larger DI-CMB volume ( OR 1.022, 95% CI 1.006-1.038; P=0.008) or more DI-CMB number ( OR 1.187, 95% CI 1.005-1.403; P=0.044) were the independent related factors of LI. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the volume of DI-CMB and the number of LI ( r=0.330, P<0.001). Conclusion:In patients with CSVD, there is a significant correlation between DI-CMBs and LI.

Objective To evaluate recurrence risk factors in postoperative breast cancer patients after 5-year adjuvant endocrine therapy.Methods From Jan 2006 to Dec 2011,a total of 327 patients were enrolled for this study.Kaplan-Meier curves were applied to estimate survival rates and COX's proportional hazards model to identify prognostic variables.Results Among these 327 eligible patients,42 (12.8％) patients suffered from distant metastasis and 34 (10.4％) patients experienced locoregional recurrence after 5-year adjuvant endocrine therapy.Survival analysis showed that patients with histologic grade 3 disease,lymph node metastasis,Ki-67 high expression,high TNM stage and radiotherapy were statistically significant with poorer relapse-free survival (RFS,P =0.000,0.003,0.000,0.003,0.034)and poorer distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS,P =0.000,0.002,0.000,0.002,0.023),respectively.In multivariate analysis,patients with histological grade 3 disease (P =0.002) and more than 3 positive nodes (P =0.032) were risk factors for lower RFS.However,only histological grade 3 (P =0.015) was risk factor for DMFS.Conclusions Late relapse after completion of 5-year adjuvant endocrine therapy was still common,patients with grade 3 disease and more than 3 positive nodes may benefit from extended endocrine therapy.

Objective To understand the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about stroke among the residents in a community of Wenzhou, and to clarify the characteristics of the intervention population and the key points for intervention, so as to carry out health education and health promotion, and improve the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods An investigation was conducted in a total of 658 residents in a community of Wenzhou, aged from 18 to 90. The content of the investigating included the general information, the KAP about stroke, the identification of stroke warning information and the behavior of seeking medical advice. Results The highest and lowest rate of the knowledge about stroke prevention and treatment was 88.68% and 33.54%; the highest and lowest rate of the correct attitude was 79.75% and 32.67%; and the highest and lowest rate of the correct behavior was 56.17% and 10.89%. The differences of KAP in populations with different characteristics were statistically significant (P< 0.01). The top three stroke warning symptoms were one side of the face or limb numbness or weakness (59.57%), consciousness disturbance (59.42%) and comprehension disturbance (59.12%). The thop three emergency seeking hospital service behaviors of stroke were immediate delivery to hospital (19.60%), continued observation (18.54%) and calling ambulance (18.24%). Conclusions The status quo of community residents' KAP of stroke in Wenzhou is at a low level. It is suggested to carry out targeted health education to improve the residents' knowledge of stroke and promote the change of attitude and behavior, so as to prevent or delay the incidence of stroke.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the ratio of ADA and CysC in the Pleural effusion and serum for the di-agnosis of Tuberculous pleural effusion .Methods In the first half of 2014 ,50 cases from a random sample of patients with tubercu-lous pleurisy admitted in our hospital were chosen as tuberculosis group ,20 cases of patiente with lung cancer pleural effusion as malignant group and 30 cases of patiente with hepatic hydrothorax as control group .The concentrations of CysC and ADA in the pleural effusion and serum were detected ,and the ratios of these two indexes in the pleural effusion and serum were calculated .Re-sults (1)The results in three groups including PADA and SADA ,SCysC and PCysC ,PCysC/SCysC and PADA/SADA were com-pared ,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .(2) According to the ROC curve ,the critical value of PADA/SA-DA and PCysC/SCysC were set as 1 .58 and 2 .30 ,respectively ,and area under the curve of PADA/SADA and PCysC/SCysC were 0 .880 and 0 .786 respectively .Conclusion The diagnostic value of PADA/SADA and PCysC/SCys for tuberculous pleural effusion is higher than that of PADA ,SADA ,PCysC or SCysC alone ,which can be used for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion index for clinical application .

Objective To investigate the correlations between P53 expression and clinicopathologic factors and prognosis of Luminal breast cancer.Methods From January 2009 to December 2012,a total of 283 patients with Luminal breast cancer in the Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong Univer-sity were included.P53 expressions of them were assayed by immunohistochemistry.Survival analysis was applied using Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test.Single factor analysis and mutiple-factor analysis were applied using Cox proportional hazard regression model.Results The rate of P53 expression was associated with tumor size (χ2 =6.285,P =0.043),lymph node metastasis (χ2 =15.881,P =0.000),histological grade (χ2 =8.132,P =0.043)and Ki-67 (χ2 =6.476,P =0.039),but it was not associated with age (χ2 =0.955,P =0.328),menopausal status (χ2 =3.808,P =0.051),pathological pattern (χ2 =0.847,P =0.655),estrogen receptor (χ2 =1.867,P =0.172),progesterone receptor (χ2 =0.937,P =0.333)and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (χ2 =0.110,P =0.741 ).In all the 283 patients,the 5-year relapse-free survival rates for P53-positive group and P53-negative group were 66.7% and 90.7% respectively (χ2 =12.609,P =0.000),while the 5-year overall survival rates were 84.4% and 93.4% respectively (χ2 =4.153,P =0.042),with significant differences.In Cox mutiple-factor analysis,lymph node metastasis (HR =2.484,95%CI:1.393-4.431,χ2 =9.497,P =0.002)and P53 over-expression (HR =3.627,95%CI:1.061-12.401,χ2 =4.220,P =0.040)were independent prognostic factors for the relapse-free survival of patients with Luminal breast cancer,and lymph node metastasis (HR =3.451,95%CI:1.891-6.297,χ2 =16.290,P =0.000)and higher histological grade (HR =2.806,95%CI:1.091-7.219,χ2 =4.582,P =0.032)were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.Conclusion P53 over-expression of patients with Luminal breast cancer is associated with prognostic factors such as lymph node metastasis and histological grade,which indicates the worse prognosis.

Objective To explore the application effects of plan-do-check-action ( PDCA) circle in home care for cerebral stroke patients. Methods We divided the stroke patients of Neurology Department into experimental group and control group with 80 cases in each group randomly. Patients in experimental group were cared by PDCA circle home care, while those in control group received conventional outpatient care which included telephone follow-up and outpatient care. Patients in two groups were compared from daily life ability, compliance, pressure ulcers incidence, and rehospitalization rates in 6 and 12 months after discharged. Results 12 months after discharged, daily life ability score in experimental group was higher than that of control group[(46. 60 ± 10. 98) vs(42. 88 ± 9. 80)] (t = 2. 26,P < 0. 05). Patient′s compliance in experimental group was better than that of control group(P<0. 05). Pressure ulcers incidence in experimental group was obvious lower than that of control group (3. 75% vs 16. 25%) (χ2 =6. 94,P<0. 05). Rates of readmission in experimental group was lower than that of control group (5. 00% vs 16. 25%) (χ2 =5. 33,P<0. 05). Conclusions PDCA circle home care is considered to be an advanced service model with continuing care which can improve the patient′s quality of life, improve patient′s compliance, reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers and readmission rates, reduce the family financial burden and save medical resources.

Objective To investigate current status of preschool children's social competence and its relation to tempera-ment type. Methods A total of 1 251 children participated in this study. The questionnaire was conducted and the children were assessed usinginfant-junior middle school student's ability of social life scaleandchildren's temperament scale. Results No significant gender difference was observed in total score of social competence (P>0.05). The total score of live independently was higher in girls as compared to boys (P<0.05). A significant gender difference was observed in classified scores of social competence (P<0.05). Girls with excellent or better-than-normal social competence were more than boys (P<0.05). The distribu-tion of the temperament type in preschool children were the difficult-to-raise type (8.1%), the start-slow type (15.4%), the stan-dard type (69.0%) and the easy-to-raise type (7.5%). There was statistically gender significance (P<0.05) in the distribution of the temperament types. The percentage of difficult-to-raise type was higher in girls than in boys. The percentage of easy-to-raise type was higher in boys than in girls. The total score and classified scores of social competence had significant difference among children with different temperament types (P<0.05). Conclusions There is significant diffe-rence of social competence in chil-dren with different temperament types. Corresponding educational measures according to the child's temperament may be bene-fit to the development in preschool children.