Our team created the pathogenesis theory of cancer toxin in traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of inheriting the academic thought of "cancer toxins" of ZHOU Zhongying, a Chinese medical master.The pathogenesis theory of cancer toxin suggests that cancer toxins is the key factor leading to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors, the basic pathogenesis of malignant tumor is accumulation of evil and toxins, deficiency of vital qi. This paper proposes that the main pathological factors of carcinoma of prostate are deficiency, dampness, heat, stasis and toxins. The core pathogenesis was spleen and kidney deficiency, dampness-heat stasis toxin accumulation in essence chamber. The disease is located in the essence chamber, closely related to kidney and bladder, and involves liver and spleen. Clinical treatment is based on anti-cancer and detoxification, strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factor as the basic treatment principles, treatment with anti-cancer detoxification as the core, tonifying the spleen and kidney as the fundamental, clearing heat and removing dampness, removing blood stasis and dispersing is key, accompanied by dispersing liver and regulating qi, the whole syndrome differentiation, to maintain a stable period of time. Strengthening vital qi does not leave evil, eliminating evil does not harm vital qi. Guided by the pathogenesis theory of cancer toxin, this paper expounds the treatment of carcinoma of prostate based on syndrome differentiation and highlights the key role of the pathogenesis theory of cancer toxin in the treatment of this disease, providing reference for the differentiation and treatment of carcinoma of prostate.

ObjectiveTo investigate the infestation and disposal of bedbugs in Shanghai， and provide scientific evidence for comprehensive prevention and control of bedbugs. MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted in the pest control operations （PCOs） of Shanghai Association for Health Promotion to investigate the infestation and disposal of bedbugs. The questionnaire included basic information of the unit， bedbug disposal experience， type of environment of bedbug infestation， main disposal site， main treatment method， main drug and formulation， and evaluation of the disposal. Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. ResultsOf the 116 PCOs， 78 （67.24%） had conducted bedbug disposal， and 29.49% had conducted the disposal no less than 5 times in the past three years. The main types of environment of bedbug infestation were dormitories （46.96%）， hotels （18.78%）， and households （20.44%）. Additionally， bedbug infestation was found in nursing homes， prisons and detention centers， and transport vehicles. Bed frame/bed board/mattress （32.42%） was the main site of bedbug infestation， followed by mat （19.63%）. Chemical spraying was the most common method for bedbug disposal （98.72%）， followed by high-temperature steam （11.54%）. The main drug used in chemical spraying were pyrethroids （69.23%）， nicotinoids （60.26%） and organophosphorus （42.31%）， for which the main formulation were suspended insecticides （55.13%）， followed by wettable powders （43.59%） and emulsifiers （43.59%）. Furthermore， 89.74% of the PCOs performed the assessment after disposal， in which the control effect was generally satisfactory. ConclusionBedbug infestation is relatively common in Shanghai. Dormitories， hotels and households are places where bedbug infestation is more likely to occur. Bed frame， bed board and mattress are the most vulnerable sites to bedbug infestation. Combination of physical and chemical methods should be used for disposal of bedbug infestation.

Background: Recent studies have reported that costoclavicular blocks (CCBs) can consistently block almost all branches of the brachial plexus while sparing the phrenic nerve and provide effective analgesia after shoulder surgery. We aimed to compare the efficacy of the CCB with that of the interscalene block (ISB) as the sole blocking technique for shoulder surgery. Methods: A total of 212 patients undergoing elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomized to receive an ISB or CCB based on a non-inferiority design. All patients received titration sedation with propofol under monitored anesthesia during surgery. The primary outcomes were the proportion of patients with complete motor blockade of the suprascapular nerve (SSN) and incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (HDP). The secondary outcomes included block-related variables, complications, and postoperative pain scores. Results: The proportion of patients with complete motor blockade of the SSN at 20 min between the CCB and ISB groups (53% vs. 66%) exceeded the predefined non-inferiority margin of −5%, but was comparable at 30 min (87% vs. 91%). The CCB resulted in a significantly lower incidence of HDP (7.55% vs. 92.45%), Horner’s syndrome (0% vs. 18.87%), and dyspnea (0% vs. 10.38%) than the ISB. None of the patients experienced failed blocks or required conversion to general anesthesia. Pain scores were comparable between the groups. Conclusions Ultrasound-guided CCBs may be comparable to ISBs, with fewer unfavorable complications in patients with impaired lung function undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamic effects of Poria triterpenes on tumor suppression in mice with ascites tumors,and to detect and identify the chemical components of Poria triterpenes using HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap method,and to explore the potential mechanism of action of Poria triterpenes on tumor suppression in mice with ascites tumors based on both of them using non-labeled definitive proteomics techniques.Methods Poria triterpene parts were extracted by solvent method,and the main components were detected and identified by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap liquid mass spectrometer;mice were randomly divided into model group,Poria triterpene group and positive control group(mushroom polysaccharide group),after 21 days of continuous administration,to establish After continuous administration for 21 days,the H22 ascites tumor mouse model was established,and the effect of each drug group on the amount of ascites,spleen index,thymus index,liver index,serum TNF-Alpha and IL-2 in H22 ascites tumor mice was observed after one week of continued administration;then H22 cells were extracted from the ascites of mice,and the H22 cells in the model group and Poria triterpene group were detected by non-lable-free quantitative proteomics technique.The differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were screened out by using GO,KEGG and other analyses.Results The abdominal water volume in the mouse Poria triterpene group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05);the thymus index in the mouse Poria triterpene group was significantly higher than that in the model group(P<0.05);the serum levels of TNF-Alpha in the mouse Poria triterpene group were significantly different from those in the model group(P<0.01),and the serum levels of IL-2 in the mouse Poria triterpene group were significantly different from those in the model group(P<0.01).Through the analysis of the chemical composition of Poria triterpene parts,a total of 19 triterpenoids were identified,with four main structural types.A total of 188 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the Poria triterpene group compared with the model group,of which 86 differentially expressed proteins were up-regulated and 102 differentially expressed proteins were down-regulated;GO database analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins in the Poria triterpene group were mainly involved in the regulation of interleukin-1 production The KEGG database analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins in the Poria triterpene group were involved in signaling pathways closely related to tumor,mainly MAPK,Apoptosis,mTOR,Wnt and p53 pathways,etc.The genes coding for the seven representative differential proteins were validated at the mRNA level by RT-qPCR.Conclusion The pharmacodynamic study found that Poria triterpenes had tumor suppressive effect on H22 ascites tumor mice,then by proteomics found Poria triterpenes group ascites H22 cell protein compared to the model group changed significantly,the study thus showed that Poria triterpenes for mice ascites tumor mechanism of tumor suppressive effect mainly involves apoptosis,inflammatory response and immune process.

Purpose/Significance Aiming at the difficulty of medical data sharing in traditional medical information systems,an elec-tronic medical record(EMR)security sharing scheme based on blockchain is proposed.Method/Process The blockchain features of de-centralization,tamper-proof and traceability are utilized to build a data security sharing platform and establish security mechanisms such as user authentication,medical record encryption,privacy protection and full traceability to realize the safe sharing of EMR.Result/Conclusion The proposed scheme can resist the potential network attack and meet the needs of patients'privacy protection and confiden-tiality.The feasibility and operation efficiency of the scheme are verified by experiments.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Momordica charantia polysaccharide (MCP) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice and the possible mechanism. Methods:MCP was extracted from Momordica charantia (MC). Fifteen C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups with five in each group: control group, DSS group and DSS+ MCP group. The body weight and disease activity index (DAI) of the mice were monitored every day. Mouse colon tissues and serum samples were collected. Pathological changes in intestinal tissues and the expression of inflammatory factors, CD4 + T cells, neutrophils and macrophages were analyzed by HE staining, ELISA, RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. Results:MCP alleviated the DSS-induced UC in mice by restoring body weight and stool consistency and reducing bleeding. Moreover, MCP could repair the mucosal barrier function of colon tissues, decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration and lessening the edema in mucosal layer and muscle layer, and therefore protect the damaged intestinal tract of mice. The expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and the level of CD4 + T cells were decreased in the colonic tissues of MCP-treated mice. Conclusions:MCP ameliorated DSS-induced UC in mice through inhibiting weight loss, repairing colonic tissue damage, improving immune system disorder and decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. This study provided reference for further study of MCP as a potential dietary intervention in the treatment of UC.

The radial artery pulse wave contains a wealth of physiological and pathological information about the human body, and non-invasive studies of the radial artery pulse wave can assess arterial vascular elasticity in different age groups.The piezoelectric pulse wave transducers were used to non-invasively acquire radial artery pulse waves at different contact pressures in young and middle-aged and elderly populations. The radial artery waveforms were decomposed using a triangular blood flow model fitting method to obtain forward and reflected waves and calculate reflection parameters. Finally a correlation analysis and regression analysis of the contact pressure P_sensor with the reflection parameters was carried out. The results showed that the reflection parameters RM, RI and R_d had a strong negative correlation with P_sensor in both types of subjects, and the correlation coefficients and slopes of the regression curves were significantly different between the two types of subjects (P<0.05). Based on the results of this study, excessive contact pressure on the transducer should be avoided when detecting radial artery reflection waves in clinical practice. The results also show that the magnitude of the slope of the regression curve between the reflection parameters and the transducer contact pressure may be a potentially useful indicator for quantifying the elastic properties of the vessel.
Middle Aged ; Aged ; Humans ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; Arteries ; Blood Flow Velocity/physiology* ; Elasticity ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Radial Artery/physiology*

Objective:To explore the correlation between immediate hypersensitivity induced by pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and the plasma anti-polyethylene glycol (anti-PEG) antibody in advanced breast cancer patients.Methods:The study was designed as a prospective and noninterventional study. The subjects were selected from advanced breast cancer patients in Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, who received monotherapy with PLD (an IV infusion of PLD 50 mg/m 2 in 5% glucose solution 250 ml for 90 minutes without pretreatment with dexamethasone or other drugs). Anti-PEG antibody before administration were detected for all the patients and antibody level >2 ng/L was defined as positive. Blood in patients who had hypersensitivity within 30 minutes after the start of infusion was collected (finding the opportunity as soon as possible) and IgE, C3, and C4 levels in serum were detected. According to whether there was an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, the patients were divided into hypersensitivity group and non-hypersensitivity group and the clinical characteristics and plasma anti-PEG antibody carrying status in patients between the 2 groups were compared; according to anti-PEG antibody carrying status, the patients were divided into anti-PEG antibody positive group and negative group and the clinical characteristics and the incidence of hypersensitivity in patients between the 2 groups were compared. Results:A total of 12 patients were included in the study, aged from 37 to 68 years with a median age of 50 (37-68) years. Ten patients had previously used non-pegylated anthracyclines and the median cumulative dose was 329 (185, 418) mg/m 2 after a doxorubicin equivalent dose conversion. Seven patients developed hypersensitivity within 2-18 minutes after the start of infusion. Between the hypersensitivity group and the non-hypersensitivity group, differences in clinical characteristics such as age, height, weight, body surface area, previous application of anthracyclines, and the cumulative doses in patients were not significant (all P>0.05); the difference in positive rate of anti-PEG antibodies in patients was also not statistically significant (4/7 vs. 2/5, P=1.000). Among the 12 patients, 6 were positive for anti-PEG antibody and 6 were negative and the differences in the above-mentioned clinical characteristics or the incidence of hypersensitivity (3/6 vs. 4/6) in patients between the 2 groups (all P>0.05) were not significant. In the hypersensitivity group, IgE, C3, and C4 levels in serum were detected in 4 patients. Two patients with positive anti-PEG antibody had increased IgE levels (404 and 545 μg/L, respectively), 1 of which had also increased C4 level (486 mg/L); the other 2 patients with negative anti-PEG antibody had normal IgE, C3, and C4 levels. Conclusions:It has not been found that PLD-induced immediate hypersensitivity is related to the anti-PEG antibody, which may be due to the small sample size of the study. It cannot be ruled out that anti-PEG antibody may be involved in the induction of the IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity, which may also be mediated by complement in some patients.

Objective:To explore the correlation between immediate hypersensitivity induced by pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and the plasma anti-polyethylene glycol (anti-PEG) antibody in advanced breast cancer patients.Methods:The study was designed as a prospective and noninterventional study. The subjects were selected from advanced breast cancer patients in Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, who received monotherapy with PLD (an IV infusion of PLD 50 mg/m 2 in 5% glucose solution 250 ml for 90 minutes without pretreatment with dexamethasone or other drugs). Anti-PEG antibody before administration were detected for all the patients and antibody level >2 ng/L was defined as positive. Blood in patients who had hypersensitivity within 30 minutes after the start of infusion was collected (finding the opportunity as soon as possible) and IgE, C3, and C4 levels in serum were detected. According to whether there was an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, the patients were divided into hypersensitivity group and non-hypersensitivity group and the clinical characteristics and plasma anti-PEG antibody carrying status in patients between the 2 groups were compared; according to anti-PEG antibody carrying status, the patients were divided into anti-PEG antibody positive group and negative group and the clinical characteristics and the incidence of hypersensitivity in patients between the 2 groups were compared. Results:A total of 12 patients were included in the study, aged from 37 to 68 years with a median age of 50 (37-68) years. Ten patients had previously used non-pegylated anthracyclines and the median cumulative dose was 329 (185, 418) mg/m 2 after a doxorubicin equivalent dose conversion. Seven patients developed hypersensitivity within 2-18 minutes after the start of infusion. Between the hypersensitivity group and the non-hypersensitivity group, differences in clinical characteristics such as age, height, weight, body surface area, previous application of anthracyclines, and the cumulative doses in patients were not significant (all P>0.05); the difference in positive rate of anti-PEG antibodies in patients was also not statistically significant (4/7 vs. 2/5, P=1.000). Among the 12 patients, 6 were positive for anti-PEG antibody and 6 were negative and the differences in the above-mentioned clinical characteristics or the incidence of hypersensitivity (3/6 vs. 4/6) in patients between the 2 groups (all P>0.05) were not significant. In the hypersensitivity group, IgE, C3, and C4 levels in serum were detected in 4 patients. Two patients with positive anti-PEG antibody had increased IgE levels (404 and 545 μg/L, respectively), 1 of which had also increased C4 level (486 mg/L); the other 2 patients with negative anti-PEG antibody had normal IgE, C3, and C4 levels. Conclusions:It has not been found that PLD-induced immediate hypersensitivity is related to the anti-PEG antibody, which may be due to the small sample size of the study. It cannot be ruled out that anti-PEG antibody may be involved in the induction of the IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity, which may also be mediated by complement in some patients.

Objective To study the biological effects of (Janus Kinase-Signal transducers and activators of transcription,AK-STATs)path-way in hair cell apoptosis by analyzing the expression level of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATS) of apoptotic HEI-OC1 cells line induced by oxidative stress injury.Methods Using different poisoning concentrations (0,20,40,60μM) of(Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide,T-BHP) built the apoptotic HEI-OC1 cells model while 0 μM was used as the control group.The apoptosis level at different poisoning concentration groups was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI and the expression level of STATs mRNA by real-time quantitative PCR detecting system.Results The apoptosis rates in different contamination groups(0,20,40,60 μM) were 3.9％,7.4％,32.0％,and 91.2％,respectively.Compared with control group,STAT1 mRNA,STAT3 mRNA,STATS mRNA,and STAT6 mRNA expression levels in different poisoning concentration groups declined significantly (F=5 534.302,P＜0.01;F=146.038,P＜0.01;F=685.929,P＜0.01;F=516.11,P＜ 0.01).No statistically significant differences were found among the poisoning concentration groups (P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,the STAT2 mRNA expression levels changed significantly (F=1 259.148,P＜ 0.01).The STAT2 mRNA expression level in 20 μM contamination group decreased while 40,60 μM contamination group increased significantly (P＜0.01).No expression of STAT4 in HEI-OC1 cell was noted.Conclusion The JAK-STAT2 signal pathway has the biological effects on leading oxidative stress injury apoptosis and JAK-STAT1/STAT3/STAT5/STAT6 has the biological effect of inhibit oxidative stress injury apoptosis.