OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors related to spontaneous re-eruption after intruded injury in permanent anterior teeth in children and adolescents. METHODS: Clinical data from 5- to 17-year-old patients who sustained intrusive luxation of permanent anterior teeth and treated in the Department of Pedia-tric Dentistry of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from June 2015 to August 2024 were reviewed. Information of age, gender, degree of intrusion, direction of intrusion, tooth development, concomitant injuries, luxation and post-osteoclastic eruption of the adjacent teeth were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they showed spontaneous re-eruption during advised observation after intrusion. Univariate and multifactor analysis were performed using Logistic regression. RESULTS: Data from 170 teeth in 139 patients whose age ranging from 5.3-16.3 years [mean age (9.0± 2.1) years] were examined. A gender disparity was observed among the patients, with 84 being male and 55 being female. Among the 170 teeth, 112 were categorized as successfully spontaneous re-eruption during advised observation after intrusion, while 58 were not. In terms of the degree of intrusion, 45 teeth (26.47%) had intrusion less than 3 mm, 102 teeth (60.00%) experienced intrusion between 3-7 mm, and 23 teeth (13.53%) were faced with intrusion exceeding 7 mm. As for the direction of intrusion, 117 teeth (68.82%) were straight intrusion while mesial-distal and buccal-lingual intrusion respectively accounting for 17 (10.00%) and 23 (13.53%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that mesial-distal intrusion (OR=0.167, 95%CI: 0.031-0.9048, P=0.038), intrusion of >7 mm (OR=0.065, 95%CI: 0.014-0.299, P < 0.001) and luxation of adjacent teeth (OR=0.369, 95%CI: 0.144-0.944, P=0.037) were independent risk factors for spontaneous re-eruption of traumatically intruded permanent anterior teeth in children and adolescents during advised observation after intrusion, while intrusion of < 3 mm (OR=9.860, 95%CI: 2.430-40.009, P=0.001) and post-osteoclastic eruption of adjacent teeth (OR=4.712, 95%CI: 1.528-14.531, P=0.007) were independent protective factors. The possibility of spontaneous re-eruption in permanent anterior teeth during advised observation after intrusion was decreased by 61.1% with the increase of root development using Cvek' s classification (OR=0.611, 95%CI: 0.408-0.914, P=0.017). Age (OR=1.077, 95%CI: 0.763-1.521, P=0.673) and laceration of gingival (OR=0.865, 95%CI: 0.290-2.578, P=0.794) didn't significantly affect the spontaneous re-eruption during advised observation after intrusion. CONCLUSION In this study, mesial-distal intrusion, intrusion of >7 mm and luxation of adjacent teeth were independent risk factors for spontaneous re-eruption of traumatically intruded permanent anterior teeth in children and adolescents during advised observation, while intrusion of < 3 mm and post-osteoclastic eruption of adjacent teeth were served as independent protective factors.
Humans ; Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Male ; Tooth Eruption/physiology* ; Child, Preschool ; Tooth Avulsion/therapy* ; Dentition, Permanent ; Incisor/injuries* ; Remission, Spontaneous

The method of decocting and taking medicine can directly influence the efficacy of the Chinese herbal medicine,and is the key to enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity.As the originator of classic books for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)prescriptions,Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases has recorded various specific methods of decocting and taking medicine in details.This paper summarized and sorted out various methods of decocting the same Chinese herbal medicine,re-decocting method with the removal of dregs(for concentrating medicinal solution),method of decocting pills,dosage of medicine,time for taking medicine,and notices and healthcare after medication recorded in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases.Moreover,the dialectical view in the method of decocting medicine recorded in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases.was explored.The special method of decocting and taking medicine in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases included the TCM dialectical view of using the same Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of different diseases,consideration of both Chinese herbal medicine and syndromes,drastic purgatives for chasing long-term efficacy.The method of taking medicine contained the TCM dialectical view of modification of the medicine dosage according to syndrome differentiation,adapting to the general trend,and suspension after medicine starting an effect.It is believed that the method of decocting and taking medicine for the prescriptions in Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases is established according to syndrome differentiation,and the utilization of various methods of decocting and taking medicine as well as notices and healthcare after medication in accordance with the characteristics of diseases and syndromes ensures the prescriptions meeting the pathogenesis,and then enhance the clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effects of modified Simiao San combined with Metronidazole Tablets on immune factors,inflammatory factors,and oxidative stress in patients with bacterial vaginosis(BV).Methods Eighty BV patients treated at Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(Dongguan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)from March 2023 to April 2024 were equally randomly divided into a control group(40 cases,treated with Metronidazole Tablets)and a study group(40 cases,treated with modified Simiao San plus Metronidazole Tablets).The treatment for the two groups lasted for 7 days.Serum immunologic factors[immunoglobulin(Ig)A,IgG,and IgM],inflammatory factors[C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),and interleukin-6(IL-6)],and oxidative stress markers[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)]in the two groups were measured before and after treatment.After treatment,symptom resolution time,clinical efficacy,and the incidence of total adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results(1)After 7 days,the total effective rate was 95.00%(38/40)in the study group versus 77.50%(31/40)in the control group(tested by chi-square test,P＜0.05).(2)The study group showed significantly shorter time to the resolution of profuse or scanty leukorrhea,odor of leukorrhea,vulvar itching,vaginal pain,and vaginal mucosal hyperemia(all P＜0.01)than the control group.(3)After treatment,both groups exhibited increased IgA,IgG,and IgM(P＜0.05)compared to those before treatment,with greater improvements in the study group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,serum levels of inflammatory factors of CRP,TNF-α,and IL-6 in both groups decreased(P＜0.05),with superior reductions in the study group(P＜0.01).(5)After treatment,serum levels of oxidative stress markers of SOD and GSH-Px levels rose(P＜0.05),while MDA declined(P＜0.05)in both groups,and the study group demonstrated more pronounced improvements(P＜0.01).(6)Adverse reaction rates were 5.00%(2/40)and 15.00%(6/40)in the study group and control group,respectively,the differentce being no statistical significance between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Modified Simiao San combined with Metronidazole Tablets significantly alleviates BV symptoms,improves immune function,and inhibits inflammatory response and oxidative stress,demonstrating satisfactory efficacy and high safety.

Objective To explore the medication rules and therapeutic principles of Zhang Jingyue's miscarriage prevention therapies based on data mining technique and literature analysis.Methods The prescription data recorded in the chapter about pregnancy and fetal development from the volume of Women's Diseases in Jing Yue Quan Shu(Jingyue's Complete Works)were collected to establish a database.Frequency analysis,association analysis,and cluster analysis of the herbal medicines from the prescriptions for preventing miscarriage were performed using SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 26.0 to investigate Zhang's medication rules.Additionally,discussions on miscarriage prevention in the chapter about pregnancy and fetal development were systematically reviewed to summarize his therapeutic principles.Results A total of 76 miscarriage-prevention prescriptions involving 102 herbal medicinals were analyzed.Among them,26 high-frequency herbal medicinals(used≥5 times)were identified,and primarily belonged to the tonifying deficiency category(11 medicinals).Association analysis revealed 10 association rules with high support,such as"Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma→Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma"and"Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle→Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma".The network graph of drug association presented high-correlation herbs including Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Poria,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,and Angelicae Sinensis Radix.Cluster analysis yielded four core prescription groups:(1)Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,Polygalae Radix,Dioscoreae Rhizoma,and Corni Fructus;(2)Paeoniae Radix Alba,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Poria,and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium;(3)Rehmanniae Radix,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and Scutellariae Radix;(4)Pinelliae Rhizoma,Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,and Jujubae Fructus.Zhang's therapeutic principles for preventing miscarriage were as follows:(1)treating primary diseases together by preventing miscarriage;(2)monthly-specific cultivation of the fetus to preemptively address deficiencies;(3)emphasis on maternal health to consolidate fetal vitality;(4)strict adherence to medication and dietary contraindications and lifestyle management during pregnancy.Conclusion Zhang Jingyue's miscarriage-prevention principles emphasize etiological diagnosis with dual focus on treating primary diseases and preventing miscarriage.His therapies prioritize replenishing qi and blood,skillfully regulating spleen-stomach function and qi movement by employing special and mild herbs and prescribing simplified and flexible formulas.These medication rules and therapeutic principles may provide valuable references for modern miscarriage-prevention strategies.

Natural killer cells(NK)are important innate immune cells that do not require prior antigen exposure and can directly recognize and attack virus-infected cells and tumor cells.The activation and effector functions of NK cells are regulated by a balance of signals delivered through their surface activating receptors and inhibitory re-ceptors,which bind to ligands on target cells to achieve cytotoxicity via"induced self"and"missing self"recogni-tion models.The killing mechanisms of NK cells primarily include release of cytotoxic granules such as perforin and granzymes to induce target cell lysis,death receptor-mediated apoptosis,secretion of various cytokines,chemokines and growth factors to coordinate with other immune cells in killing tumor cells,thereby generating secondary im-mune responses and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity(ADCC).

Objective To investigate the impact of smoking cessation on high-resolution compu-ted tomography(HRCT)phenotypes in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its relationship with the frequency of acute exacerbations.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 237 smokers with COPD who could cooperate with a 1-year follow-up.Among them,160 patients underwent a comprehensive 1-year smoking cessation intervention,and were divided into smoking cessation failure group(87 patients)and smoking cessation success group(73 patients)based on whether they successfully quited smoking.The remaining 77 smokers with COPD who did not receive smoking cessation intervention were designated as smoking group.HRCT phenotypes,total lung volume(TLV),total emphysema volume(TEV),emphysema index(EI)and the number of acute exacerbation at different time points were compared among the three groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between smoking cessation and the number of acute exac-erbations.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of A phenotype patients among the three groups before intervention and at 3 and 6 months of intervention(P＞0.05).At the 9th and 12th months of intervention,the proportion of patients with A phenotype in the smoking group was lower than that in the smoking cessation failure group and smoking cessation success group(P＜0.05).Before the intervention and at the 3rd,6th and 9th months of interven-tion,there were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of patients with E phenotype among the three groups(P＞0.05).Before intervention and at the 3rd and 6th months of interven-tion,there were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of patients with M phenotype among the three groups(P＞0.05).At the 9th and 12th months of intervention,the proportion of patients with M phenotype in the smoking group was higher than that in the smoking cessation failure group and smoking cessation success group(P＜0.05).Before intervention,there were no statisti-cally significant differences in TLV,TEV and EI among the three groups(P＞0.05).One year af-ter the intervention,TLV,TEV and El in the smoking cessation failure group and smoking cessation success group were lower than those in the smoking group(P＜0.05).At the 3rd,6th,9th and 12th months of intervention,the number of acute exacerbations in the the smoking cessation failure group and smoking cessation success group was less than that in the smoking group(P＜0.05).At the 9th and 12th months of intervention,the number of acute exacerbation in the smoking cessation success group was less than that in the smoking cessation failure group(P＜0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that smoking cessation was negatively correlated with the number of acute exacerbation in smokers with COPD(P＜0.05),and this negative correlation gradually in-creased with the extension of smoking cessation duration.Conclusion Smoking cessation can im-prove HRCT phenotypes and effectively reduce the number of acute exacerbation in smokers with COPD.

ObjectiveThe lung mesenchymal stem cells （LMSCs） induced by D-galactose （D-gal） were intervened by Wenfei Huaxian decoction-containing serum to explore the mechanism of Wenfei Huaxian decoction in delaying the senescence of LMSCs through the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase/silent information regulator 1 （NAMPT/SIRT1） signaling pathway. MethodWenfei Huaxian decoction-containing serum was prepared. LMSCs were isolated by gradient density centrifugation， and they were cultured and identified in vitro. The senescence model in vitro was established by stimulating cells via D-gal for 24 h. LMSCs cells were modeled after being treated with different volume fractions （5%， 10%， 20%， 40%， and 80%） of Wenfei Huaxian decoction-containing serum for 24 h， and the cell proliferation level was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） method. The cells were randomly divided into blank serum group， model group， and high， medium， and low dose groups of Wenfei Huaxian decoction-containing serum. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase （SA-β-gal） staining was used to detect the senescence of LMSCs in each group. The content of NAD + was detected by colorimetry. The levels of senescence-associated factors （p16 and p53）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in cell culture supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of senescence-associated proteins and NAMPT/SIRT1 signaling pathway-related proteins. ResultCompared with the blank serum group， the proliferation of LMSCs was significantly inhibited after D-gal stimulation for 24 h （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the proliferation of LMSCs could be promoted after intervention with the corresponding Wenfei Huaxian decoction-containing serum （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank serum group， the SA-β-gal staining of LMSCs in the model group after D-gal stimulation was enhanced， and the content of NAD⁺ was increased （P<0.01）. The expression levels of senescence factors p16 and p53， as well as SASP pro-inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α in the cell culture supernatant， were significantly increased （P<0.01）. The expression of senescence-associated proteins p16， p21， and p53 increased （P<0.01）， and the protein expression of NAMPT， SIRT1， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α （PGC-1α）， and forkhead box family transcription factor O1 （FoxO1） decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the SA-β-gal staining of LMSCs in each group of Wenfei Huaxian decoction-containing serum was significantly reduced， and the content of NAD⁺ was decreased （P<0.01）. The senescence factors （p16 and p53） and inflammatory factors （IL-6 and TNF-α） in the cell culture supernatant were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The expression of senescence-associated proteins （P16， P21， and P53） decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The protein expressions of NAMPT， SIRT1， PGC-1α， and FoxO1 were significantly up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionWenfei Huaxian decoction can alleviate senescence and inflammatory response damage of D-gal-induced LMSCs， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of the NAMPT/SIRT1 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the relationship between thyroid function and brain volume in patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods A total of 64 AD patients(AD group)and 36 patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI group)admitted in our department from January 2020 to March 2022 were enrolled in this study.Another 19 healthy individuals who had no cogni-tive impairment or psychiatric disorders were enrolled and served as normal control group.Their levels of free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroxine(FT4)and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)were detected by electrochemical luminescence assay.Results FT3 level was significantly decreased in the MCI group and AD group than the normal control group[2.50(2.28,2.60)ng/L and 2.07(1.97,2.30)ng/L vs 2.76(2.55,2.93)ng/L,P＜0.05],and the decrease in the AD group was more obvious than that in the MCI group.The volumes of the midbrain,pons,medulla oblon-gata,hippocampus,amygdala and temporal lobe were significantly smaller in the AD group than the MCI group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regres-sion analysis showed that in the AD patients,FT3 and FT4 levels were positively while TSH level was negatively correlated with the volumes of both right and left hippocampus and amygdala(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and TSH level was also negatively correlated with the left temporal lobe volume(P＜0.05).Conclusion Thyroid dysfunction is associated with reduced brain volume in AD patietns,and may contribute to the progression of AD cognitive dysfunction and brain atrophy.

【Objective】 To objectively evaluate the quality control level of blood testing process in blood banks through quantitative monitoring and trend analysis, and to promote the homogenization level and standardized management of blood testing laboratories in blood banks. 【Methods】 A quality monitoring indicator system covering the whole process of blood collection and supply, including blood donation service, blood component preparation, blood testing, blood supply and quality control was established. The questionnaire Quality Monitoring Indicators for Blood Collection and Supply Process with clear definition of indicators and calculation formulas was distributed to 17 blood banks in Shandong province. Quality monitoring indicators of each blood bank from January to December 2022 were collected, and 31 indicators in terms of blood testing were analyzed using SPSS25.0 software. 【Results】 The proportion of unqualified serological tests in 17 blood bank laboratories was 55.84% for ALT, 13.63% for HBsAg, 5.08% for anti HCV, 5.62% for anti HIV, 18.18% for anti TP, and 1.65% for other factors (mainly sample quality). The detection unqualified rate and median were (1.23±0.57)% and 1.11%, respectively. The ALT unqualified rate and median were (0.74±0.53)% and 0.60%, respectively. The detection unqualified rate was positively correlated with ALT unqualified rate (r=0.974, P<0.05). The unqualified rate of HBsAg, anti HCV, anti HIV and anti TP was (0.15±0.09)%, (0.05±0.04)%, (0.06±0.03)% and (0.20±0.05)% respectively. The average unqualified rate, average hemolysis rate, average insufficient volume rate and the abnormal hematocrit rate of samples in 17 blood bank laboratories was 0.21‰, 0.08‰, 0.01‰ and 0.02‰ respectively. There were differences in the retest concordance rates of four HBsAg, anti HCV and anti HIV reagents, and three anti TP reagents among 17 blood bank laboratories (P<0.05). The usage rate of ELISA reagents was (114.56±3.30)%, the outage rate of ELISA was (10.23±7.05) ‰, and the out of range rate of ELISA was (0.90±1.17) ‰. There was no correlation between the out of range rate, outrage rate and usage rate (all P>0.05), while the outrage rate was positively correlated with the usage rate (r=0.592, P<0.05). A total of 443 HBV DNA positive samples were detected in all blood banks, with an unqualified rate of 3.78/10 000; 15 HCV RNA positive samples were detected, with an unqualified rate of 0.13/10 000; 5 HIV RNA positive samples were detected, with an unqualified rate of 0.04/10 000. The unqualified rate of NAT was (0.72±0.04)‰, the single NAT reaction rate [(0.39±0.02)‰] was positively correlated with the single HBV DNA reaction rate [ (0.36±0.02) ‰] (r=0.886, P<0.05). There was a difference in the discriminated reactive rate by individual NAT among three blood bank laboratories (C, F, H) (P<0.05). The median resolution rate of 17 blood station laboratories by minipool test was 36.36%, the median rate of invalid batch of NAT was 0.67%, and the median rate of invalid result of NAT was 0.07‰. The consistency rate of ELISA dual reagent detection results was (99.63±0.24)%, and the median length of equipment failure was 14 days. The error rate of blood type testing in blood collection department was 0.14‰. 【Conclusion】 The quality monitoring indicator system for blood testing process in Shandong can monitor potential risks before, during and after the experiment, and has good applicability, feasibility, and effectiveness, and can facilitate the continuous improvement of laboratory quality control level. The application of blood testing quality monitoring indicators will promote the homogenization and standardization of blood quality management in Shandong, and lay the foundation for future comprehensive evaluations of blood banks.