Objective:To describe the epidemiological characteristics and changes of febrile seizure(FS)among children under 6 years old in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2021.Methods:Based on the Ningbo Regional Health Information Platform,a dynamic cohort was established using vacci-nation registration information,and the cases of FS were identified by the diagnostic results of Chinese terms or International Classification of Diseases 10th revision(ICD-10)R56.0 code in the electronic medical records.The first visit of FS during the observation period was defined as a new case,and a re-currence case was defined as the case with a visit interval of more than 7 days.The 95％confidence in-terval(CI)of FS incidence density was calculated by the Poisson distribution.Results:From January 2015 to June 2020,there were 1.3 million children under 6 years old in Ningbo,with male accounting for 52.87％.The median follow-up time was 2.83(1.55-4.00)years.During the follow-up period,12 776 new onset cases had FS,with more males than females,with an overall incidence density of 4.34(95％CI:4.27-4.40)/1 000 person-years and a recurrence rate of 21.63％.There was a higher inci-dence density in children who were male,born in Ningbo and of non-mobility.The incidence density of FS was higher in urban areas than in rural and rural-urban fringe areas,and the incidence density was different among districts and counties.The peak density was found in children aged 18-23 months[8.42(95％CI:8.11-8.74)/1 000 person-years].From 2015 to 2019,the incidence density in-creased with calendar year(Ptrend＜0.001),and the highest was 5.62(95％CI:5.43-5.81)/1 000 person-years.The incidence density of FS decreased significantly during the period between 2020 and 2021.The incidence density was higher in winter.Conclusion:From 2015 to 2019,the overall inci-dence density of FS in children under 6 years old in Ningbo City presented an increasing trend.More at-tention should be paid to the health education,the improvement of the health maintenance model,the en-hancement of the cognition of FS,the identification and treatment of FS among high-risk population and regions so as to prevent its recurrence and reduce the disease burden during the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)epide-mic.

Objective:To explore the association between sleep and myopia among students aged 6-15 years in Tianjin.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 218 864 primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 years in Tianjin were recruited from January 2023 to May 2023.Basic information and responses to the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) were collected.Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between myopia and sleep.The study followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and the research protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.ChiCTR2200065710). All questionnaires and demographic information were collected with parental consent.Results:It was found that 68 121(31.12%) students were myopic and 178 514(81.56%) had sleep disorders.The prevalence of myopia among students with average daily sleep durations of ≤8 hours, >8-9 hours, >9-10 hours, and >10 hours was 52.17%(9 288/17 803), 35.35%(31 037/87 787), 25.18%(24 481/97 216), and 20.64% (3 315/16 058), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6 835.649, P<0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, and potential confounding factors, compared with students with average daily sleep duration of >10 hours, students with average daily sleep durations of ≤8 hours ( OR=1.496, 95% CI: 1.415-1.581, P<0.001), >8-9 hours ( OR=1.364, 95% CI: 1.383-1.447, P<0.001), and >9-10 hours ( OR=1.257, 95% CI: 1.202-1.316, P<0.001) had a higher risk of myopia.Students with sleep disorders, bedtime resistance, sleep-onset delay, irregular sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night wakings, parasomnias, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness were more likely to be myopic. Conclusions:Sleep is a key factor influencing myopia among schoolchildren aged 6-15 years in Tianjin.

Objective:To explore the association between sleep and myopia among students aged 6-15 years in Tianjin.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 218 864 primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 years in Tianjin were recruited from January 2023 to May 2023.Basic information and responses to the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) were collected.Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between myopia and sleep.The study followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and the research protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.ChiCTR2200065710). All questionnaires and demographic information were collected with parental consent.Results:It was found that 68 121(31.12%) students were myopic and 178 514(81.56%) had sleep disorders.The prevalence of myopia among students with average daily sleep durations of ≤8 hours, >8-9 hours, >9-10 hours, and >10 hours was 52.17%(9 288/17 803), 35.35%(31 037/87 787), 25.18%(24 481/97 216), and 20.64% (3 315/16 058), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=6 835.649, P<0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, and potential confounding factors, compared with students with average daily sleep duration of >10 hours, students with average daily sleep durations of ≤8 hours ( OR=1.496, 95% CI: 1.415-1.581, P<0.001), >8-9 hours ( OR=1.364, 95% CI: 1.383-1.447, P<0.001), and >9-10 hours ( OR=1.257, 95% CI: 1.202-1.316, P<0.001) had a higher risk of myopia.Students with sleep disorders, bedtime resistance, sleep-onset delay, irregular sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night wakings, parasomnias, sleep-disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness were more likely to be myopic. Conclusions:Sleep is a key factor influencing myopia among schoolchildren aged 6-15 years in Tianjin.

Objective:To describe the epidemiological characteristics and changes of febrile seizure(FS)among children under 6 years old in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2021.Methods:Based on the Ningbo Regional Health Information Platform,a dynamic cohort was established using vacci-nation registration information,and the cases of FS were identified by the diagnostic results of Chinese terms or International Classification of Diseases 10th revision(ICD-10)R56.0 code in the electronic medical records.The first visit of FS during the observation period was defined as a new case,and a re-currence case was defined as the case with a visit interval of more than 7 days.The 95％confidence in-terval(CI)of FS incidence density was calculated by the Poisson distribution.Results:From January 2015 to June 2020,there were 1.3 million children under 6 years old in Ningbo,with male accounting for 52.87％.The median follow-up time was 2.83(1.55-4.00)years.During the follow-up period,12 776 new onset cases had FS,with more males than females,with an overall incidence density of 4.34(95％CI:4.27-4.40)/1 000 person-years and a recurrence rate of 21.63％.There was a higher inci-dence density in children who were male,born in Ningbo and of non-mobility.The incidence density of FS was higher in urban areas than in rural and rural-urban fringe areas,and the incidence density was different among districts and counties.The peak density was found in children aged 18-23 months[8.42(95％CI:8.11-8.74)/1 000 person-years].From 2015 to 2019,the incidence density in-creased with calendar year(Ptrend＜0.001),and the highest was 5.62(95％CI:5.43-5.81)/1 000 person-years.The incidence density of FS decreased significantly during the period between 2020 and 2021.The incidence density was higher in winter.Conclusion:From 2015 to 2019,the overall inci-dence density of FS in children under 6 years old in Ningbo City presented an increasing trend.More at-tention should be paid to the health education,the improvement of the health maintenance model,the en-hancement of the cognition of FS,the identification and treatment of FS among high-risk population and regions so as to prevent its recurrence and reduce the disease burden during the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)epide-mic.

Purpose: The risk stratification of pediatric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been standardized. In this study, new risk factors were included to establish a new risk stratification system for ALCL, and its feasibility in clinical practice was explored. Materials and Methods: On the basis of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster 95 (NHL-BFM-95) protocol, patients with minimal disseminated disease (MDD), high-risk tumor site (multiple bone, skin, liver, and lung involvement), and small cell/lymphohistiocytic (SC/LH) pathological subtype were enrolled in risk stratification. Patients were treated with a modified NHL-BFM-95 protocol combined with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor or vinblastine (VBL). Results: A total of 136 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 8.8 years. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the entire cohort were 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.0% to 83.9%) and 92.3% (95% CI, 86.1% to 95.8%), respectively. The 3-year EFS rates of low-risk group (R1), intermediate-risk group (R2), and high-risk group (R3) patients were 100%, 89.5% (95% CI, 76.5% to 95.5%), and 67.9% (95% CI, 55.4% to 77.6%), respectively. The prognosis of patients with MDD (+), stage IV cancer, SC/LH lymphoma, and high-risk sites was poor, and the 3-year EFS rates were 45.3% (95% CI, 68.6% to 19.0%), 65.7% (95% CI, 47.6% to 78.9%), 55.7% (95% CI, 26.2% to 77.5%), and 70.7% (95% CI, 48.6% to 84.6%), respectively. At the end of follow-up, one of the five patients who received maintenance therapy with VBL relapsed, and seven patients receiving anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor maintenance therapy did not experience relapse. Conclusion This study has confirmed the poor prognostic of MDD (+), high-risk site and SC/LH, but patients with SC/LH lymphoma and MDD (+) at diagnosis still need to receive better treatment (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03971305).

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an extremely malignant pulmonary vascular disease of unknown etiology. ADAR1 is an RNA editing enzyme that converts adenosine in RNA to inosine, thereby affecting RNA expression. However, the role of ADAR1 in PH development remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the biological role and molecular mechanism of ADAR1 in PH pulmonary vascular remodeling. Overexpression of ADAR1 aggravated PH progression and promoted the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Conversely, inhibition of ADAR1 produced opposite effects. High-throughput whole transcriptome sequencing showed that ADAR1 was an important regulator of circRNAs in PH. CircCDK17 level was significantly lowered in the serum of PH patients. The effects of ADAR1 on cell cycle progression and proliferation were mediated by circCDK17. ADAR1 affects the stability of circCDK17 by mediating A-to-I modification at the A5 and A293 sites of circCDK17 to prevent it from m1A modification. We demonstrate for the first time that ADAR1 contributes to the PH development, at least partially, through m1A modification of circCDK17 and the subsequent PASMCs proliferation. Our study provides a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of PH and the evidence for circCDK17 as a potential novel marker for the diagnosis of this disease.

Pituitary tumors are usually benign but can occasionally exhibit hormonal and proliferative behaviors. Dysregulation of the G1/S restriction point largely contributes to the over-proliferation of pituitary tumor cells. F-box protein S-phase kinase-interacting protein-2 (SKP2) reportedly targets and inhibits the expression of p27(Kip1), a well-known negative regulator of G1 cell cycle progression. In this study, SKP2 expression was found to be upregulated while p27(Kip1) expression was determined to be downregulated in rat and human pituitary tumor cells. Furthermore, SKP2 knockdown induced upregulation of p27(Kip1) and cell growth inhibition in rat and human pituitary tumor cells, while SKP2overexpression elicited opposite effects on p27(Kip1) expression and cell growth. The expression of microRNA-186 (miR-186) was reported to be reduced in pituitary tumors. Online tools predicted SKP2 to be a direct downstream target of miR-186, which was further confirmed by luciferase reporter gene assays. Moreover, miR-186 could modulate the cell proliferation and p27(Kip1)-mediated cell cycle alternation of rat and human pituitary tumor cells through SKP2. As further confirmation of these findings, miR-186 and p27(Kip1) expression were downregulated, while SKP2 expression was upregulated in human pituitary tumor tissue samples; thus, SKP2 expression negatively correlated with miR-186 and p27(Kip1) expression. In contrast, miR-186 expression positively associated with p27(Kip1) expression. Taken together, we discovered a novel mechanism by which miR-186/SKP2 axis modulates pituitary tumor cell proliferation through p27(Kip1)-mediated cell cycle alternation.
Animals ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; Genes, Reporter ; Humans ; Luciferases ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Rats ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the situation and existing problems of the naming of commercially available Chinese patent medicine （CPM） in China， and to put forward the improvement suggestions. METHODS： Announced in Dec. 31， 2017 by CFDA， there were totally 169 601 kinds of national coded drugs. Total of 35 513 kinds of CPM with drug approval number “Z” and 68 kinds of imported CPM with importing registration certificates “Z” was screened by using Excel 2013 software. Based on Naming Technical Guidelines for Generic Name of Chinese Patent Medicines （hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines）， the unqualified situation of domestic CPM were summarized， and unqualified domestic Chinese patent medicine were analyzed statistically in respects of dosage form， special population medication and area. RESULTS： There were 5 091 kinds of drugs named nonconformity with the “Guidelines”， accounting for 14.34％ of domestic CPM. The problems of naming mainly focused on exaggerated naming （1 723 kinds， 33.84％）， dosage form un-located after naming （1 118 kinds， 21.96％）， naming by endangered protected animals and plants （851 kinds， 16.72％）， naming by pharmacology and other related terms （848 kinds， 16.66％）. Names emboding “traditional cultural features” （1 324 kinds， 4.35％） took the lower proportion. Top 5 dosage forms of domestic CPM with unqualified naming were tablets （1 203 kinds， 23.63％）， capsules （821 kinds， 16.13％）， mixture （802 kinds， 15.75％）， pills （706 kinds， 13.87％）， granules （448 kinds， 8.80％）. The problems of special population medication for domestic CPM with unqualified naming concentrated on children’s medication （608 kinds， 11.94％）. The main manufacturers of domestic CPM with unqualified naming came from Guangdong （613 kinds， 12.04％）， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region （371 kinds， 7.29％）， Jilin （265 kinds， 5.21％）， Shaanxi （245 kinds， 4.81％） and Beijing （233 kinds， 4.58％）. CONCLUSIONS： There are many problems in naming of commercially available domestic CPM in China， mainly reflecting as naming type， dosage form， pediatric drugs， etc. There are fewer names emboding “traditional cultural features”. It is suggested that we should further standardize the naming of CPM by strengthening and perfecting the management and examination system of CPM， highlighting the naming principles of Chinese traditional culture and protecting traditional classical brands.

AIM:To investigate the effect of cis-dichlorodiamine platinun ( cDDP) resistance on proliferation , apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis of esophageal cancer cell line KYSE 150.METHODS:Using the method of increa-sing concentration of cDDP in culture for 10 months, the human esophageal carcinoma cDDP-resistant cell line named KYSE150/cDDP was established successfully .The drug sensitivity was measured by MTT assay .The changes of the biolog-ical behaviors between the parental cell line and resistant cell line were determined by morphological observation assay , MTT assay, colony formation assay , DAPI staining, wound healing assay and tube formation experiment .RESULTS: No significant morphological difference between KYSE 150 cells and KYSE150/cDDP cells was observed .Compared with KYSE150 cells, the drug resistance index of KYSE150/cDDP cells was 6.35, and the viability of KYSE150/cDDP cells was decreased.The colony formation rate of KYSE150/cDDP cells was (15.00 ±3.05)%, while the colony formation rate of KYSE150 cells was (86.70 ±6.57)%.The apoptotic rate of KYSE150/cDDP cells was (0.63 ±0.09)%, and that of KYSE150 cells was (8.46 ±1.33)%.Compared with KYSE150 cells, KYSE150/cDDP cells showed a stronger healing ability of scratch, and the migration rate was higher than that of KYSE 150 cells.The results of tube formation experiment showed that the vessel number in KYSE150/cDDP group was 76.20 ±3.18, while the vessel number in KYSE150 group was 50.60 ±1.33.The protein expression of MMP-2 and VEGFR2 in KYSE150/cDDP cells was higher than that in KYSE150 cells.CONCLUSION: KYSE150/cDDP cells present drug-resistant phenotype and show a slow growth rate . The ability of apoptosis is decreased , and the abilities of cell migration and angiogenesis are increased .This may be an im-portant reason for the failure of clinical chemotherapy for esophageal cancer .

BACKGROUNDFUS2 gene locating at 3p21.3 is considered a promising candidate tumor suppressor gene. The aim of this study is to examine the difference in FUS2-767A/T polymorphism site between lung cancer patients and normal controls in Chinese population.

METHODSThe genotype FUS2-767A/T was detected in 146 lung cancer patients and 113 normal controls by PCR-SSCP method. The relationship between lung cancer risk and difference in genotypes of FUS2 gene was analysed.

RESULTSFUS2-767A/T was significantly related to histological type (P=0.044), age of the patients with lung cancer (P=0.011) and vessel cancer embolus (P=0.031) in lung cancer group. There was no significant difference in distribution of FUS2 genotypes between lung cancer patients and normal controls (P=0.945).

CONCLUSIONSThe results suggest that the FUS2-767A/T polymorphism may be a susceptibility factor for lung cancer among Chinese population.