Objective:To study the relationship between microRNA (miRNA, miR)-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-let-7b-3p and fluoride induced articular cartilage injury in rats.Methods:Using the factorial design, thirty 3-week-old specific pathogen free grade male Wistar rats (weighted 125 - 150 g) were selected and randomly divided into a control group, a 25 mg/L fluoride group, and a 50 mg/L fluoride group using a random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. The control group drank distilled water, while the fluoride exposure groups drank distilled water with fluoride ion concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/L, respectively. Five rats were euthanized in each group at 3 and 6 months of feeding, respectively. Visual observation was used to observe the occurrence of dental fluorosis in rats, and fluoride ion selective electrode method was used to detect the fluoride level in blood, urine, and cartilage. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O-fast green staining were used to observe the pathological changes of articular cartilage, and Mankin score was used to evaluate the grading of cartilage injury. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p in cartilage.Results:After 3 and 6 months of fluoride exposure, no dental fluorosis was observed in the control group, while rats in the 25 and 50 mg/L fluoride groups showed varying degrees of dental fluorosis. There were statistically significant differences in the levels of blood fluoride (mg/L: 0.11 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.32, 0.29 ± 0.06, 0.07 ± 0.01, 0.31 ± 0.05, 0.38 ± 0.06), urine fluoride (mg/L: 1.81 ± 0.58, 13.18 ± 2.29, 66.11 ± 20.74, 2.35 ± 1.08, 14.79 ± 3.87, 28.32 ± 4.79), and cartilage fluoride (mg/kg: 341.83 ± 44.07, 612.99 ± 174.72, 991.26 ± 227.32, 338.29 ± 72.53, 957.09 ± 195.86, 1 535.53 ± 89.01) among in rats the control group, 25 mg/L fluoride group, and 50 mg/L fluoride group ( F = 7.76, 42.78, 40.54, 23.10, 18.96, 80.81, P < 0.05). In the 50 mg/L fluoride group, there were statistically significant differences in the levels of urine fluoride and cartilage fluoride of rats exposed for different times ( t = 4.45, - 3.80, P < 0.05). The Mankin score grading for cartilage injury showed that at 3 months of fluoride exposure, there were 4, 0, and 0 rats with normal cartilage in the control group, 25 mg/L fluoride group, and 50 mg/L fluoride group, 1, 4, and 1 rats with mild injury, and 0, 1, and 4 rats with moderate injury, respectively. At 6 months of fluoride exposure, there were 4, 0, and 0 rats with normal cartilage in the control group, 25 mg/L fluoride group, and 50 mg/L fluoride group, 1, 3, and 0 rats with mild injury, 0, 1, and 3 rats with moderate injury, and 0, 1, and 2 rats with severe injury, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that fluoride exposure dose had individual effects on the expression of miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p in cartilage ( F = 8.68, 7.97, 9.34, 10.14, P < 0.05). There was no individual effect of fluoride exposure time on the expression of miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p in cartilage ( F = 0.00, 0.15, 0.63, 0.53, P > 0.05). However, there was no interaction effect between fluoride exposure time and dose on the above-mentioned miRNA ( F = 0.68, 0.05, 0.22, 0.24, P > 0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that miR-675-3p and miR-675-5p in cartilage were negatively correlated with blood fluoride, urine fluoride, and cartilage fluoride ( r = - 0.37, - 0.42, - 0.56, - 0.53, - 0.57, - 0.53, P < 0.05), while miR-29b-3p and miR-let-7b-3p were positively correlated with urine fluoride and cartilage fluoride ( r = 0.58, 0.40, 0.48, 0.47, P < 0.05). The results of ordered logistic regression analysis showed that miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p were influencing factors of dental fluorosis grading ( OR = 0.13, 0.04, 1.55, 2.58, P < 0.05) and Mankin score grading ( OR = 0.04, 0.06, 1.41, 1.58, P < 0.05). Conclusion:MiR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p may be involved in the process of fluoride induced articular cartilage injury.

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an age-related neurodegenerative disease with an increasing incidence worldwide.A large number of studies have shown that the incidence rates of hearing loss is high in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease,and may be a risk factor for the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment.There is an interaction between the two,but the causal mechanism is still unclear.Early screening and management of hearing impairment may play an important role in the early diagnosis,symptom im-provement and disease progression of Alzheimer's disease.This paper reviews relevant clinical and basic research to discuss the correlation between hearing loss and Alzheimer's disease,and the possible causal mechanism between them.

Objective:To study the relationship between microRNA (miRNA, miR)-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, miR-let-7b-3p and fluoride induced articular cartilage injury in rats.Methods:Using the factorial design, thirty 3-week-old specific pathogen free grade male Wistar rats (weighted 125 - 150 g) were selected and randomly divided into a control group, a 25 mg/L fluoride group, and a 50 mg/L fluoride group using a random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. The control group drank distilled water, while the fluoride exposure groups drank distilled water with fluoride ion concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/L, respectively. Five rats were euthanized in each group at 3 and 6 months of feeding, respectively. Visual observation was used to observe the occurrence of dental fluorosis in rats, and fluoride ion selective electrode method was used to detect the fluoride level in blood, urine, and cartilage. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O-fast green staining were used to observe the pathological changes of articular cartilage, and Mankin score was used to evaluate the grading of cartilage injury. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p in cartilage.Results:After 3 and 6 months of fluoride exposure, no dental fluorosis was observed in the control group, while rats in the 25 and 50 mg/L fluoride groups showed varying degrees of dental fluorosis. There were statistically significant differences in the levels of blood fluoride (mg/L: 0.11 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.32, 0.29 ± 0.06, 0.07 ± 0.01, 0.31 ± 0.05, 0.38 ± 0.06), urine fluoride (mg/L: 1.81 ± 0.58, 13.18 ± 2.29, 66.11 ± 20.74, 2.35 ± 1.08, 14.79 ± 3.87, 28.32 ± 4.79), and cartilage fluoride (mg/kg: 341.83 ± 44.07, 612.99 ± 174.72, 991.26 ± 227.32, 338.29 ± 72.53, 957.09 ± 195.86, 1 535.53 ± 89.01) among in rats the control group, 25 mg/L fluoride group, and 50 mg/L fluoride group ( F = 7.76, 42.78, 40.54, 23.10, 18.96, 80.81, P < 0.05). In the 50 mg/L fluoride group, there were statistically significant differences in the levels of urine fluoride and cartilage fluoride of rats exposed for different times ( t = 4.45, - 3.80, P < 0.05). The Mankin score grading for cartilage injury showed that at 3 months of fluoride exposure, there were 4, 0, and 0 rats with normal cartilage in the control group, 25 mg/L fluoride group, and 50 mg/L fluoride group, 1, 4, and 1 rats with mild injury, and 0, 1, and 4 rats with moderate injury, respectively. At 6 months of fluoride exposure, there were 4, 0, and 0 rats with normal cartilage in the control group, 25 mg/L fluoride group, and 50 mg/L fluoride group, 1, 3, and 0 rats with mild injury, 0, 1, and 3 rats with moderate injury, and 0, 1, and 2 rats with severe injury, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that fluoride exposure dose had individual effects on the expression of miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p in cartilage ( F = 8.68, 7.97, 9.34, 10.14, P < 0.05). There was no individual effect of fluoride exposure time on the expression of miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p in cartilage ( F = 0.00, 0.15, 0.63, 0.53, P > 0.05). However, there was no interaction effect between fluoride exposure time and dose on the above-mentioned miRNA ( F = 0.68, 0.05, 0.22, 0.24, P > 0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that miR-675-3p and miR-675-5p in cartilage were negatively correlated with blood fluoride, urine fluoride, and cartilage fluoride ( r = - 0.37, - 0.42, - 0.56, - 0.53, - 0.57, - 0.53, P < 0.05), while miR-29b-3p and miR-let-7b-3p were positively correlated with urine fluoride and cartilage fluoride ( r = 0.58, 0.40, 0.48, 0.47, P < 0.05). The results of ordered logistic regression analysis showed that miR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p were influencing factors of dental fluorosis grading ( OR = 0.13, 0.04, 1.55, 2.58, P < 0.05) and Mankin score grading ( OR = 0.04, 0.06, 1.41, 1.58, P < 0.05). Conclusion:MiR-675-3p, miR-675-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-let-7b-3p may be involved in the process of fluoride induced articular cartilage injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of music therapy on cognitive function and immunity of sleep-deprived mice and the potential underlying mechanisms.Methods A novel music therapy was developed by integrating elements from both Western and Chinese music.A sleep-deprived mouse model was established to explore the effects of the music combination on learning and memory of mice using Morris water maze experiments.ELISA was used to detect immune-endocrine indicators in the blood and saliva of mice and to study the effects of this music combination on IgA levels.Transcriptome high-throughput sequencing and B-cell receptor(BCR)repertoire sequencing were adopted to explore the potential mechanisms through which music therapy influenced IgA production.Results The Morris water maze test revealed that the novel music therapy could promote the recovery of cognition and memory of sleep-deprived mice.Additionally,it was found that the music combination could increase IgA levels in both blood and saliva.Transcriptome high-throughput sequencing and BCR sequencing analysis showed that the music combination enhanced the abundance of the IgA immunoglobulin light chain variable region(Igkv4-53)and heavy chain constant region(Igha).Conclusion Music therapy can help restore cognitive function and increase IgA levels in sleep-deprived mice.The mechanism may be related to the enhanced abundance of immunoglobulin light chain variable region(Igkv4-53)and heavy chain constant region(Igha).

Objective:To prepare the polyclonal antibody against pilus assembly protein(SpaD),a biofilm formation related protein of Corynebacterium striatum(C.striatum),and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on biofilm formation by strong biofilm-producing strains of C.striatum along with its potential application value.Methods:A total of 117 strains of C.striatum isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients at Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from 2011 to 2021 were selected as the study subjects.The biofilm formation ability of each strain was detected by crystal violet staining assay.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to examine the distribution of SpaD protein encoding gene spaD in strong biofilm-producing strains of C.striatum.The strong biofilm-producing strains of C.striatum were divided into control group,and proteinase K group,and cystol violet staning method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of proteinaskon the biofilm formation abilitys of the strong biofilm-producing strains of C.striatum.The recombinant SpaD protein was constructed using protein recombination technology and the was divided into control group and 5 and 10 mg·L-1 SpaD recombinant proterin groups,and cystol violet staning method was used to detect the inhibitory effect of SpaD recombinant protein.The rabbit anti-SpaD polyclonal antibodies were subsequently obtained through animal immunization,the experiment was divided into control group and 1∶400,1∶200,and 1∶100 SpaD polyclonal antibody groups,the inhibitory effect of SpaD polyclonal antibodies on biofilm and crystal violet staining method was used to detect abilities of strong biofilm-producing strains of C.striatum.Results:The Crystal violet staining results revealed that strong,moderate,and weak biofilm-producing strains accounted for 47.9％(56/117),29.0％(34/117),and 23.1％(27/117),respectively.The RT-qPCR results showed that all the strong biofilm-producing strains carried the spaD gene.Compared with control group,the biofilm formation abilities of 13 strong biofilm-producing C.striatum strains in both 5 and 10 mg·L-1 SpaD recombinant protein groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the biofilm formation abilities in 61.5％(8/13)and 7.7％(1/13)of strong biofilm-producing C.striatum strains in 1∶100 and 1∶200 SpaD polyclonal antibody groups were decreased,respectively(P＜0.05).Conclusions:The spaD gene is highly expressed in strong biofilm-producing clinical strains of C.striatum.Anti-SpaD polyclonal antibodies significantly inhibits biofilm formation in these clinical isolates,demonstrating a inhibitory effect as a manner of concentration-dependent.SpaD can be a promising novel target for therapeutic intervention against biofilm-producing C.striatum infections.

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an age-related neurodegenerative disease with an increasing incidence worldwide.A large number of studies have shown that the incidence rates of hearing loss is high in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease,and may be a risk factor for the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment.There is an interaction between the two,but the causal mechanism is still unclear.Early screening and management of hearing impairment may play an important role in the early diagnosis,symptom im-provement and disease progression of Alzheimer's disease.This paper reviews relevant clinical and basic research to discuss the correlation between hearing loss and Alzheimer's disease,and the possible causal mechanism between them.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of acupuncture combined with Tongbi Yinao Decoction in the treatment of isolated vertigo due to posterior circulation ischemia.Methods:A total of 78 elderly patients with isolated vertigo due to posterior circulation ischemia who were admitted to the Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation Department of Meishan People's Hospital from February 2019 to February 2022 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into two groups by open randomized parallel control trail method, with 39 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional Western medicine treatment and oral administration of flunarizine hydrochloride capsules. On this basis, the observation group was treated with acupuncture combined with Tongbi Yinao Decoction. Both groups received 2 months of treatment. TCM syndrome scores before and after treatment were recorded. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate the patients' intelligence level. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to detect blood flow velocity of the basilar artery, left vertebral artery and right vertebral artery. The blood rheometer was used to detect plasma viscosity, whole blood low shear viscosity and whole blood high shear viscosity. Adverse reactions that occurred during treatment were recorded, and clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rates in the observation group and the control group were 94.87% (37/39) and 76.92% (30/39), with statistical significance ( χ2=5.19, P=0.023). After treatment, the observation group in terms of vertigo and dizziness (1.05±0.12 vs. 2.14±0.74, t=9.08), chest distress and nausea (0.97±0.10 vs. 2.06±0.61, t=11.01), cyanosis of lip and nail (1.07±0.88 vs. 2.55±0.70, t=8.22), scaly dry skin (0.85±0.22 vs. 2.02±0.84, t=8.42) and the total score (3.94±1.32 vs. 8.77±2.89, t=9.49) were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The MMSE score (26.39±2.20 vs. 24.20±2.37, t=4.01) was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, blood flow velocity of the basilar artery [(37.55±3.61) cm/s vs. (33.50±2.96) cm/s, t=5.42], left vertebral artery [(34.27±4.87) cm/s vs. (30.58±3.74) cm/s, t=3.75] and right vertebral artery [(38.74±5.21) cm/s vs. (35.17±4.54) cm/s, t=3.23] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01); The plasma viscosity [(1.32±0.19) mPa?s vs. (1.45±0.21) mPa?s, t=20.28], whole blood low shear viscosity [(8.71±0.35) mPa?s vs. (8.97±0.38) mPa?s, t=3.14] and whole blood high shear viscosity [(5.41±0.39) mPa?s vs. (5.92±0.43) mPa?s , t=5.49] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). During treatment, the incidence rates of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group were 28.2% (11/39) and 20.5% (8/39), without statistical significance ( χ2=0.63, P=0.429). Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with Tongbi Yinao Decoction can effectively maintain hemodynamics and cerebral blood flow of patients with isolated vertigo due to posterior circulation ischemia, and improve clinical efficacy, with good safety.

Objective:To prepare hydroxyapatite(HA)coating on polyether ether ketone(PEEK)surface by magnetron sputtering technique and to study its biosafety.Methods:Sulfonated PEEK was used to increase the binding area and HA coating was constructed on it using magnetron sputtering technology.SEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDAX)were used to detect the construction effect.Cell adhesion assay,cytoskeletal fluorescence staining and SEM validation were used to assess cytologrcal safety.In vivo safety tests were conducted in SD rats and golden hamsters.Results:HA coating with gradient morphology was successfully constructed on the PEEK surface using above technique.The coating promoted cell adhesion,extension and proliferation.No systemic toxicity and no sig-nificant influence in HE staining of the main infernal organs samples were observed.The coating alleviated the oral mucosal irritation caused by simple sulfonation to a certain extent.Conclusion:HA coating can be prepared stably with magnetron sputtering technology and can meet the biosafety needs for clinical applications.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and epidemic situation of children with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in China,and provide the basis for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods Fixed-point monitoring,moving-point monitoring,and full coverage of monitoring were promoted successively from 1990 to 2023. Some children (7-12 years old) underwent clinical and right-hand X-ray examinations every year. According to the KBD diagnosis criteria,clinical and X-ray assessments were used to confirm the diagnosis. Results In 1990,the national KBD detectable rate was 21.01％. X-ray detection decreased to below 10％ in 2003 and below 5％ in 2007. Between 2010 and 2018,the prevalence of KBD in children was less than 0.4％,which fluctuated at a low level,and has decreased to 0％ since 2019. Spatial epidemiological analysis indicated a spatial clustering of adult patients prevalence rate in the KBD areas. Conclusion The evaluation results of the elimination of KBD in China over the last 5 years showed that all villages in the monitored areas have reached the elimination standard. While the adult KBD patients still need for policy consideration and care.