Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate year by year, making it a significant public health concern. With the continuous advancement of tumor biology research, N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) modification, as an important form of RNA modification, has attracted growing attention. The m 6A modification, the most prevalent RNA modification in eukaryotes, occurs in almost all types of RNA and plays a critical role in the occurrence, progression, and metastasis of breast cancer. It influences cell proliferation, apoptosis, and alterations in the tumor microenvironment, though the specific mechanisms underlying these effects require further in-depth investigation. Moreover, the specific patterns of m 6A modification demonstrate its potential as a novel biomarker for breast cancer, which could provide new directions for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.

China has entered the task stage of comprehensive medical insurance payment reform, but there are problems restricting the development of innovative medical technology in the reform of diagnosis-related groups(DRG) payment system. The author introduced the international definition and scope of innovative medical technology, and summarized the preconditions and payment policy of short-term payment of innovative medical technology under the DRG payment system; And put forward suggestions in line with China′s actual situation, including clarifying the definition of innovative medical technology, setting access conditions for additional payment or actual payment, setting up special transition funds for high-value innovative drugs, clarifying the payment amount of innovative medical technology, and formulating payment strategies for innovative medical technology.

Objective:To investigate the imaging and electrophysiological characteristics, surgical methods and efficacies of preschoolers with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods:A retrospective data study was conducted on 27 patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy accepted surgical treatment in our hospital from June 2014 to January 2019. By combined with clinical manifestations, preoperative epileptogenic zones were evaluated by imaging data, such as MR imaging, MR spectroscopy and positron emission tomography-CT, and interictal and ictal video-electroencephalogram (VEEG) data. During the surgery, cortical electroencephalography (ECoG) and deep electrode monitoring were used to monitor and locate the abnormal discharge areas to guide the surgical excision of epileptic zone. Engel grading was used to evaluate the efficacy after surgery.Results:All children had typical clinical manifestations of temporal lobe epilepsy; abnormal signal images were found in one side of the temporal lobe and the hippocampus in MR imaging; epileptic discharges were originated from one side frontotemporal region in interictal and ictal VEEG. Obviously persistent or paroxysmal spike waves, spike waves and slow spikes and spike composite waves were intraoperatively discovered by ECoG and depth electrode electroencephalography in the temporal lobe. All patients accepted standard anterior temporal lobectomy+lesion resection+peripheral abnormal discharge resection of the temporal lobe cortex; partial insular lobe was excised and frontal cortex was performed low power thermal coagulation in two patients. Follow-up was performed for 6 months; Engel grading I was reported in 22 patients (81.5%), Engel grading II in 3 patients (11.1%), and Engel grading III in 2 patients (7.4%).Conclusion:Early surgery and moderate extension of resection under intraoperative ECoG and deep electrode monitoring are the key factors to improve the surgical efficacy of preschoolers with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of delayed intracranial hemorrhage (DICH) after ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) in patients with communicating hydrocephalus.Methods One hundred and seventy-six patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt due to communicating hydrocephalus secondary to craniocerebral trauma,hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,brain tumor or intracranial aneurysm rupture hemorrhage,admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to August 2018,were selected in our study;these patients were divided into DICH group and non-DICH group according to whether or not DICH occurred.The clinical features,including incidence,time and location of DICH,were analyzed.The differences of age,gender,length of stay,concomitant diseases,previous operation history,incidences of subdural effusion and puncture canal edema after ventriculoperitoneal shunt,and history of down-regulating shunt valve within 2 weeks between the two groups were compared by univariate analysis.The independent risk factors for DICH were further assessed using multivariable Logistic regression.Results Among 176 patients,23 (13.07％) had DICH;2-11 d after surgery,DICH appeared,manifesting as subdural,ventriculoventricular end canal and/or hemorrhage in one or more areas of the ventricle.There were significant differences in incidence of subdural effusion and history of down-regulating shunt valve within 2 weeks between the two groups (P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that subdural effusion after surgery and down-regulation of shunt valve pressure within 2 weeks after ventriculoperitoneal shunt were independent risk factors for DICH (OR=4.516,95％CI:1.555-13.110,P=0.006;OR=5.352,95％CI:1.987-14.414,P=0.001).Conclusion High incidence of DICH mighty be noted within two weeks of ventriculoperitoneal shunt;subdural effusion and pressure reduction of shunt valve within 2 weeks are independent risk factors for DICH,which needs close monitoring and clinical intervention.

Objective: To explore the relationship between the cognitive impairment and cerebral lesions using 7.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in CADASIL patients. Methods: Thirty five CADASIL patients confirmed by serum NOTCH3 gene detection in Peking University First Hospital from June 2015 to November 2018 were enrolled, including 19 males and 16 females, of which the age of onset was (39.28±8.31) years, the age of admission was (44.61±8.42) years, and the course of disease was (5.29±3.65) years. 7.0 Tesla MRI was performed in all the patients. The numbers of lacunar infarcts and microbleeds were counted and the white matter changes were evaluated with age-related white matter rating scale (ARWMrs). Neuropsychological tests were used to evaluate the global cognition, memory, attention, executive function, visuo-spatial function and language function separately. The z score was calculated to evaluate the impairment extent in different scales. The correlation analysis was performed between image changes and neuropsychological tests. Thirty nine normal controls including 20 males and 19 females with age of (42.54±8.92) years were also enrolled, and the same neuropsychological tests were performed in these subjects. Results: The numbers of microbleeds and lacunar infarcts were 13.71±10.29 and 5.89 (8.74). The ARWMrs score was 11.26±5.31. There were 21 patients (60%) presented with cognitive impairment. In comparison with the controls, the patients presented with global cognitive impairment (MMSE score 26.87±3.95 vs 29.08±0.95), including executive (finishing time of Stroops-c: 80.00 (103.75) s vs 67.79 (16.00) s, correct number of Stroops-c: 48.00 (44.26) vs 50.00 (2.00), time of trail making A test: 55.5 (81.5) s vs 39.0 (5.0) s, time of trail making B test: 171.0 (159.5) s vs 103.0 (54.0) s, false number of trail making B test: 0(2) vs 0(0)), memory (number of register memory: 16.13±5.41 vs 21.1±15.21, number of long term recall: 4.78±2.83 vs 7.41±2.24, number of cue recall memory: 4(6) vs 8(4), number of recognition memory: 10.00 (2.25) vs 11.00 (2.00)), attention (number of digital span: 4.42±1.46 vs 7.89±1.65, correct number of symbol digitalis modality test: 38.47±17.29 vs 51.41±13.00), visuo-spatial (Rey-osterrich: 34 (5) vs 36 (2)) and language function (number of semantic fluency: 14.70±5.54 vs 17.46±5.63) (P<0.05). The z score demonstrated impaired executive function, followed by visuo-spatial dysfunction. The number of lacunar infarcts and microbleeds significantly correlated with short term recall memory (r=-0.404, -0.393), long term recall memory (r=-0.375, -0.395), cue memory (r=-0.395, -0.437), Stroops-c time (r=0.412, 0.503), trails making A test time (r=0.400, 0.434)(P<0.05). The number of lacunar infarcts significantly correlated with symbol digitalis modality test (r=-0.475) (P<0.05). The number of microbleeds significantly correlated with digital span test (r=-0.390), Boston naming test (r=-0.382) and semantic fluency (r=-0.449) (P<0.05). ARWMrs score significantly correlated with MMSE score (r=-0.357), rigister memory (r=-0.342), trails making A finishing time (r=0.425), trails making B finishing time (r=0.463) and correct numbers of trails making B (r=0.392) (P<0.05). Conclusions CADASIL presented with global cognitive impairment, especially executive function and visuo-spatial function. The white matter changes, lacunar infarcts and microbleeds affected different cognitive function.

Aim To research the synergistic effect of hyperlipoproteinemia and Aβ in the processing of Alzheimer′s disease.Methods Seventy SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups, and dealt with D-gal(hypodermic injection), hyperlipemia diet, microinjection into both side of CA1 section in hippocampus, independently.Morris water maze(MWM) test was used to evaluate the spatial memory impairments.Tau and tau(pThr181) pathology in the hippocampus were detected using Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Nissl′s staining was used to detect cell apoptosis.Results Aβ25-35-treated rats showed significant impairments of spatial memory in MWM test, especially in the group of D-gal+Aβ25-35+HLD(P<0.01).Furthermore, these rats treated with Aβ25-35, D-gal, and hyperlipemia diet, exhibited significantly increased phosphorylation of tau, particularly in the Thr181 site.Conclusion Hyperlipoproteinemia is the risk factor for older person, which could strengthen the toxic effect of Aβ, and promote phosphorylation of tau.

Objective To establish the quality standard of Fufang Tianma Gouteng Orally Disintegrating Tablets. Methods Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Paeoniae Radix Alba in the preparation were identified by TLC, the content of gastrodin in gastrodia was determined by HPLC. Results The herbs of preparation could be identified by TLC without interference. Gastrodin showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.191 2-1.147 2 μg (r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 97.72% (RSD=1.40%, n=6). Conclusion The methods are available with a good reproducibility, and can control the quality of the preparation effectively.

Objective: To compare the volatile compounds extracted from Rhodiola renulata respectively by HS-SPME and SD. Methods:The volatile constituents from Rhodiola crenulata were extracted respectively by HS-SPME and SD, and then the contents and the names were confirmed by GC-MS. Results:Totally 39 compounds were identified from Rhodiola crenulata by HS-SPME while 16 ones were identified by SD. Among them, 4 common compounds were detected. Conclusion: There are some differences between the two methods. Compared with SD, HS-SPME is obviously better because more volatile constituents can be extracted from the herb, furthermore, HS-SPME has notable advantages of higher retrieval matching and sensitivity.

The researching thinking approach of "descending the dimension with the lowering rank, ascending the rank with the raising of nsion of dimension", which could exclude the intervention of non-crucial fact ors and reveal the complexity of syndrome as well, provides a feasible approach for syndrome standardization. A study was conducted by analyzing some syndromes and their correlated factors selected from the "Ancient Good-sized Medical Records Database" through unconditional logistic multivariate stepwise regression by SAS 6.12 universal statistical software to sieve the variable, and the mathematical mode of regression equation was obtained eventually, expressed as logit (p) = alpha + beta1X1 + beta2X2 + ... + betamXm. With that, the research of syndrome standardization was proceeded on the syndromes with diagnostic significance to provide references for standardization of syndrome differentiation. I
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Reference Standards ; Research Design

In the opinion of dialectical materialism, concept is developing with the deepening and broadening of human being's mind. The developing process of syndrome concept in traditional Chinese medicine also takes the same way. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the connotation of syndrome concept was defined and the embryonic form of syndrome differentiation of zang-fu viscera was formed. In the Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the development of syndrome concept embodied in optimizing the theoretical research based on clinical practice and experiences according to many medical masters in different denominations. The syndrome differentiation of eight principles was established to standardize and perfect the principles of syndrome differentiation in the Qing Dynasty. Modern research of syndrome concept is manifested in objectifying the process of research of syndrome and diseases in different levels and aspects by use of advanced scientific technology.