Objective To compare the effect of different intensity of neuromuscular training(NMT)on muscle strength and knee joint function of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods From January,2023 to January,2024,60 ACLR patients in Changhai Hospital were selected,and they received the same intensity of NMT from one to eight weeks after surgery.Eight weeks after surgery,they were randomly divided into low intensity group(n=30)and high intensity group(n=30),and then they received different inten-sities of NMT from nine to 16 weeks after surgery,each training session lasted one hour,with three sessions per week,totaly 48 sessions.The Lysholm score,knee flexor and extensor muscle strength and muscle endurance-were compared at eight weeks and 16 weeks after surgery.Results After group training,the Lysholm score significantly increased in both groups(|t|>13.739,P<0.001),and was higher in the high intensity group than in the low intensity group(t=-2.574,P<0.05);in the high intensity group,the relative peak torque and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles improved at angular velocities of 60°/s,120°/s and 180 °/s(|t|>2.320,P<0.05);in the low intensity group,the flexor peak torque improved at all the three angular velocities(t>2.177,P<0.05),the extensor peak torque improved at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s(|t|>1.715,P<0.05),and the extensor endurance improved at angular velocity of 60°/s(t=-2.293,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the relative peak torque and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles at all the three angular velocities(P>0.05).Conclusion Both high and low intensity NMT could improve the muscle strength,muscle endurance and knee joint func-tion.Maybe,high intensity is superior to low intensity.Further verification is still needed.

Objective To compare the effect of different intensity of neuromuscular training(NMT)on muscle strength and knee joint function of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods From January,2023 to January,2024,60 ACLR patients in Changhai Hospital were selected,and they received the same intensity of NMT from one to eight weeks after surgery.Eight weeks after surgery,they were randomly divided into low intensity group(n=30)and high intensity group(n=30),and then they received different inten-sities of NMT from nine to 16 weeks after surgery,each training session lasted one hour,with three sessions per week,totaly 48 sessions.The Lysholm score,knee flexor and extensor muscle strength and muscle endurance-were compared at eight weeks and 16 weeks after surgery.Results After group training,the Lysholm score significantly increased in both groups(|t|>13.739,P<0.001),and was higher in the high intensity group than in the low intensity group(t=-2.574,P<0.05);in the high intensity group,the relative peak torque and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles improved at angular velocities of 60°/s,120°/s and 180 °/s(|t|>2.320,P<0.05);in the low intensity group,the flexor peak torque improved at all the three angular velocities(t>2.177,P<0.05),the extensor peak torque improved at angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s(|t|>1.715,P<0.05),and the extensor endurance improved at angular velocity of 60°/s(t=-2.293,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the relative peak torque and endurance of the extensor and flexor muscles at all the three angular velocities(P>0.05).Conclusion Both high and low intensity NMT could improve the muscle strength,muscle endurance and knee joint func-tion.Maybe,high intensity is superior to low intensity.Further verification is still needed.

Correlated with such hepatic-systemic factors as cirrhosis, inflammation and immunity, portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is common in perioperative period of liver transplantation (LT) recipients.It affects negatively surgical procedures and outcomes due to its insidious onset and atypical clinical symptoms.With continuous improvements of LT techniques and refining of medical imaging, researchers have gained further insights into the pathophysiological processes, screening, diagnoses, evaluations, classifications and perioperative managements of PVT.This review focused upon perioperative managements of LT recipients with PVT to enhance the clinical problem-solving capability and long-term patient survival.

BACKGROUND:Oligo(poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate) (OPF) hydrogel is a kind of biomaterial with good biocompatibility, injectability, and biodegradability. It is known that there are differences in the characteristics of hydrogels with different molecular weights. Under osteogenic induction, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels encapsulated in the suitable molecular weight hydrogel have better proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, the use of OPF hydrogel provides new options for bone tissue-engineered scaffold.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of OPF hydrogel with different molecular weights on the proliferation and differentiation of encapsulated rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem celsin vitro.
METHODS: Four kinds of OPF hydrogels with molecular weights of 1 000, 3 000, 10 000 and 35 000 were developed by OPF crosslinking with a redox radical initiation system. Hydrogel sweling and degradation properties were detected. Afterwards, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels encapsulated in different hydrogels were cultured in osteogenic medium for 1-3 weeks. The effects of hydrogels on morphplogy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and osteogenic differentiation were detectedvia histological staining (hematoxylin-eosin staining and alizarin red staining) and immunofluorescence staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the increase of molecular weight of hydrogels, the gelation time was shortened, the sweling ratio significantly increased, and the hydrogel degradation rate was proportional to the molecular weight. In addition, the number of mineralized nodules formed in 3 000 and 10 000 molecular weight hydrogels was more than that in the other hydrogels, indicating that hydrogels with appropriate sweling and degradation properties are beneficial to cel proliferation and differentiation. In conclusion, OPF hydrogels have good biocompatibility and hydrogels with 3 000 and 10 000 molecular weight play active regulatory roles in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cels.

Objective To study the mRNA expression of substance P (SP),N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists (NMDAR) in rat's spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (SpVc) and preprotachykinin A (PPTA),β-calcitonin-gene-related peptide (β-CGRP),sodium channel (PN3),and to investigate the cause and mechanism of repeated high + Gz induced temporomandibular joint pain.Methods Thirty-six male SD rats (weight 200-300 g) were randomly divided into control,+5 Gz and +10 Gz groups.Rats in each group were respectively fixed at the end of animal centrifuge arm with prone position.Head was towards to the rotating center.The radius of the centrifuge is 1 m.+Gz pulses were applied on rats with 1 G/s onset rate for 30 s plateau duration.The centrifuge tests were done 5 times a day with 60 s intervals,4 days a week for 3 weeks.The +5 Gz and +10 Gz group was respectively exposed to + 5 Gz and +10 Gz peak.The control group was only fixed on centrifuge along with the test schedule but without centrifuge running.RNA was collected from TG and SpVc of rats.Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect mRNA of SP,NMDAR,PPTA,β-CGRP,PN3 and NaN mRNA expression.Results ① Repeated high acceleration (+ Gz) exposure caused PPTA,β-CGRP,PN3 and NaN gene expression significantly increased in rats' TG.Differences among groups showed statistical significance (F=329-1 030,P＜ 0.01).The differences were in direct proportion to +Gz value.②The mRNA relative expressions of SP and MMDAR were significantly increased in rats' SpVc and the difference among groups was statistical significance (F=408,1 062,P＜ 0.01),and was in direct proportion to + Gz value.Conclusions Under repeated high acceleration (+ Gz),the biochemical characteristics of primary sensory neurons occur significant change.Nerve active substances play a role in the pain transmission caused by temporomandibular joint disease,which is related to the peripheral and central conduction mechanism of temporomandibular joint pain.

Objective To study the mRNA expression of substance P (SP),N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists (NMDAR) in rat's spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (SpVc) and preprotachykinin A (PPTA),β-calcitonin-gene-related peptide (β-CGRP),sodium channel (PN3),and to investigate the cause and mechanism of repeated high + Gz induced temporomandibular joint pain.Methods Thirty-six male SD rats (weight 200-300 g) were randomly divided into control,+5 Gz and +10 Gz groups.Rats in each group were respectively fixed at the end of animal centrifuge arm with prone position.Head was towards to the rotating center.The radius of the centrifuge is 1 m.+Gz pulses were applied on rats with 1 G/s onset rate for 30 s plateau duration.The centrifuge tests were done 5 times a day with 60 s intervals,4 days a week for 3 weeks.The +5 Gz and +10 Gz group was respectively exposed to + 5 Gz and +10 Gz peak.The control group was only fixed on centrifuge along with the test schedule but without centrifuge running.RNA was collected from TG and SpVc of rats.Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect mRNA of SP,NMDAR,PPTA,β-CGRP,PN3 and NaN mRNA expression.Results ① Repeated high acceleration (+ Gz) exposure caused PPTA,β-CGRP,PN3 and NaN gene expression significantly increased in rats' TG.Differences among groups showed statistical significance (F=329-1 030,P＜ 0.01).The differences were in direct proportion to +Gz value.②The mRNA relative expressions of SP and MMDAR were significantly increased in rats' SpVc and the difference among groups was statistical significance (F=408,1 062,P＜ 0.01),and was in direct proportion to + Gz value.Conclusions Under repeated high acceleration (+ Gz),the biochemical characteristics of primary sensory neurons occur significant change.Nerve active substances play a role in the pain transmission caused by temporomandibular joint disease,which is related to the peripheral and central conduction mechanism of temporomandibular joint pain.