Objective: To evaluate the intervention effect of digital health education on dietary self-discipline behaviors among college students, so as to provide evidence based support for scientific dietary behavior interventions in the population. Methods: In September 2025, 262 full time undergraduates from Shanghai University of Engineering Science were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio using block randomization into an intervention group ( n =131) and a control group ( n =131). The intervention group received a 16 week digital health education program, including artificial intelligence(AI) generated personalized dietary plans, daily push notifications health knowledge, instant feedback on dietary logging, and online fun challenge activities. The control group received traditional health education courses without any additional intervention measures. Structured questionnaires were administered at baseline and post intervention to assess dietary self discipline behaviors, including the consumption frequencies of sugar sweetened beverages, fried foods, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and breakfast. Chi square test was used to compare dietary self discipline indicators between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the composition of the six dietary self discipline behavior indicators between the two groups ( χ 2=0.47-6.11, all P >0.05). After the intervention, the differences in the composition of the six indicators between the two groups were statistically significant ( χ 2=6.78-15.88,all P < 0.05 ). After intervention, regarding risky dietary behaviors, the proportion of zero sugar sweetened beverage consumption in the intervention group increased from 10.69% to 27.48%, whereas in the control group, it increased from only 4.58% to 9.16%; the proportion of zero fried food consumption in the intervention group increased from 9.92% to 26.72%, whereas in the control group, it increased from only 7.63% to 10.69%. In the intervention group, the intake frequencies of both sugar sweetened beverages and fried foods decreased ( t =3.44，3.58, both P <0.01). Regarding protective dietary behaviors，the proportion of zero fruit intake in the intervention group decreased from 9.92% to 3.82%. The proportion of the intervention group consuming vegetables ≥2 times/day increased from 31.30% to 63.36%. The proportion of the intervention group consuming dairy products ≥1 time/day increased from 34.35% to 58.78%, compared with an increase from 41.22% to 42.75% in the control group. In the intervention group, the proportion of regular breakfast consumption (1 time/day) increased from 43.51% to 73.28%. The intake frequencies of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and breakfast in the intervention group all increased ( t =-4.76, -5.46, -3.87, -5.10,all P <0.01). Conclusion Digital health education can effectively suppress risky dietary behaviors among college students and promote the formation of protective dietary behaviors.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Jisheng Shenqi Pills combined with endocrine therapy in alleviating lower urinary tract obstruction symptoms of patients with advanced prostatecancer(PCa).Methods A total of 68 patients with advanced PCa complicated by lower uri-nary tract obstruction symptoms were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 34 cases in each group.The control group received endocrine therapy alone,while the observation group received Jisheng Shenqi Pills on the basis of the control group.Both groups underwent a course of 3-month treatment.The total therapeutic effectiveness rate,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,maximum urinary flow rate(Qmax),residual urinary volume(RUV),International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),prostate-specific antigen(PSA)levels,and Quality of Life(QOL)Scale scores were compared between the two groups.Results The total therapeutic effectiveness rate in the observation group was 94.12％,which was significantly higher than 82.35％in the control group(P＜0.05).After treatment,TCM syndrome scores decreased in both groups,with the obser-vation group had significantly lower scores than the control group(P＜0.05).Both groups exhibited an increase in Qmax and a decrease in RUV after treatment,with the observation group had significant-ly higher Qmax and lower RUV compared to the control group(P＜0.05).PSA level decreased signif-icantly in both groups after treatment(P＜0.05),but no significant difference was observed between the two groups(P＞0.05).IPSS score was decreased while QOL score was increased in both groups after treatment,with the observation group had significantly lower IPSS score and higher QOL score compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Jisheng Shenqi Pills combined with endo-crine therapy effectively alleviates urinary obstruction symptoms,improves TCM syndromes,and en-hances quality of life in patients with advanced PCa.

The incomplete degradation of tumour cells by macrophages(Mφ)is a contributing factor to tumour progression and metastasis,and the degradation function of Mφ is mediated through phagosomes and lysosomes.In our preliminary experiments,we found that overactivation of NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2)reduced the ability of Mφ to degrade engulfed tumour cells.Above this,we screened out liquiritin from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch,which can significantly inhibit NOX2 activity and inhibit tumours,to elucidate that suppressing NOX2 can enhance the ability of Mφ to degrade tumour cells.We found that the tumour environment could activate the NOX2 activity in Mφ phagosomes,causing Mφ to produce excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS),thus prohibiting the formation of phagolysosomes before degradation.Conversely,inhibiting NOX2 in Mφ by liquiritin can reduce ROS and promote phagosome-lysosome fusion,therefore improving the enzymatic degradation of tumour cells after phagocytosis,and subse-quently promote T cell activity by presenting antigens.We further confirmed that liquiritin down-regulated the expression of the NOX2 specific membrane component protein gp91 phox,blocking its binding to the NOX2 cytoplasmic component proteins p67 phox and p47 phox,thereby inhibiting the activity of NOX2.This study elucidates the specific mechanism by which Mφ cannot degrade tumour cells after phagocytosis,and indicates that liquiritin can promote the ability of Mφ to degrade tumour cells by suppressing NOX2.

In recent years, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fastest growing pathogenic factor of primary liver cancer (PLC). Compared with virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCC associated with NAFLD has a unique immune microenvironment, and combined treatment with corresponding targets can improve the immunetherapeutic efficacy. However, prospective studies are still needed for the immunotherapy response of different causes of PLC is different and the therapeutic efficacy has not reached consensus. The high-level evidence of etiology stratification, personalized precision immunotherapy and combinational therapy may be the future milestones in this area. We hereby reviews the epidemiology, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy of NAFLD-related HCC.

The paper reports a 32-year-old female acute myeloid leukemia patient who developed graft-versus-host disease after paternal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which subsequently led to renal thrombotic microangiopathy. She subsequently required a kidney transplant from the same donor 5 years later due to renal failure. Considering that both the bone marrow and kidney were from the same donor and the recovery of renal function was favorable, immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued after a short course of anti-rejection treatment, with maintained stable kidney function. This case suggests that under the condition of high chimerism, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and kidney transplantation from the same donor can achieve immune tolerance, potentially improving solid organ transplantation success rate. The findings provide a novel therapeutic approach for solid organ transplantation following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTPF) in treatment of extensive wound of Degree IV burns in limbs.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 9 patients who had extensive wound of Degree IV burns in limbs caused by stove burns admitted to Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 988th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese PLA between January 2017 and January 2024. Among the patients, there were 8 males and 1 female, aged between 36 and 63 years. Three patients had the wound from anterior leg to dorsal foot, 3 from leg down to ankle, 1 from forearm to hand and 2 from arm to forearm. Area of burns ranged from 20 cm × 15 cm to 30 cm × 25 cm, and all patients were treated by free ALTPF. According to whether the main artery at the recipient site was feasible for direct anastomosis with the vessels carried in flap, 4 patients were treated by bilateral parallel ALTPFs, and 5 were treated by unilateral ultra-long internally supercharged ALTPF. A total of 13 ALTPFs were harvested, with individual flap size at 20 cm × 8 cm to 46 cm × 12 cm. Donor sites were directly sutured. Time for flap harvesting, flap survival and wound healing time were records. Scheduled postoperative follow-up was conducted at outpatient clinic and via telephone interviews to evaluate functional recovery. Follow-up assessments included evaluation of flap condition, two-point discrimination (TPD), recovery of joint function at recipient sites, flap appearance and donor site recovery.Results:The time for flap harvest was 1.0 to 4.5 hours. All 13 ALTPFs successfully survived. The time from surgery to healing of recipient sites was 18 to 72 days, and all donor sites healed. Over the postoperative follow-up that lasted for 6 to 34 months, the recipient sites had found with good cosmetic outcomes, without osteomyelitis or deep tissue infection. Four ALTPFs in 2 patients were found swelling, which were revised at 6 months after surgery. Four ALTPFs in other 2 patients had pigment deposition at edges. One ALTPF was scalded, which healed after dressing changes but left with patchy scars. The remaining ALTPFs were soft, elastic, free from pain and well-perfused, with regained protective sensation at S 3. However, all of the ALTPFs failed to detect TPD. Six patients with lower limb injuries were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot scoring system: 2 patients were rated as excellent and 4 were rated as good. Three patients with upper limb injuries were evaluated using Evaluation Trial Standards of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association: 1 patient was rated as excellent and 2 were rated as good. Only linear scars left at the 13 donor sites, with normal blood supply to the distal limbs, and without restrictions in range of motion of knee joints nor muscle strength of quadriceps. Conclusion:The ALTPF offers advantages such as anatomical consistency, reliable blood supply and flexible combination in treatment of extensive wound of Degree Ⅳ burns in limbs. It is an ideal surgical procedure for treatment of large soft tissue defects of extremities.

Objective To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic surgery on incarcerated inguinal hernia(IIH)in children.Methods A total of 81 IIH children treated at Jinhua Maternal & Child Health Hospital from September 2018 to December 2023 were selected as subjects.The children were divided into laparoscopic surgery group(n=45)and open surgery group(n=36).Comparative analysis was conducted on admission age,gender,duration of incarceration,surgical timing,intraoperative hernia contents,and postoperative complications between two groups.Results Operative duration,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative bowel function recovery time,number of occult hernias,and hospitalization duration in laparoscopic surgery group were statistically better than those in open surgery group(P＜0.05).There were fewer postoperative complications in laparoscopic group compared to open surgery group,there was significant difference between two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional open surgery,laparoscopic surgery for IIH in children has the advantages of less trauma,shorter operation time and hospitalization time,and less intraoperative bleeding.

Objective To discuss the application value of single-port laparoscopy assisted testicular fixation in treating pediatric inguinal cryptorchidism.Methods A total of 128 children with inguinal cryptorchidism admitted to Jinhua Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2024 to March 2025 were enrolled in this study.Using a randomized digital table method,the children were divided into observation group(n=64)and control group(n=64).The observation group underwent single-port laparoscopy assisted testicular fixation surgery,while control group received conventional three-port laparoscopy surgery.Intraoperative blood loss,surgical duration,hospitalization time,hospitalization costs,and incision length,differences in inflammatory markers,pain stress indicators,sex hormone levels,and complications were compared between two groups.Results Compared to control group,the surgical duration and postoperative hospitalization time were shorter in observation group,intraoperative blood loss was lower in observation group,incision length was shorter in observation group,hospitalization costs was higher in observation group,and vancouver scar scale scores was lower in observation group(P＜0.05).One day postoperatively,interleukin-6,superimposed C-reactive protein,and prostaglandin E2 were increased compared to pre-treatment levels in both groups.The reduction in observation group was more significant than that in control group(P＜0.05).One day postoperatively,levels of neuropeptide Y,nerve growth factor,and substance P were decreased in both groups.The increase in observation group was more pronounced than that in control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Single-port laparoscopy is used for pediatric inguinal cryptorchidism with the advantages of minimally invasive,safety and fast recovery.It can effectively reduce postoperative inflammation and pain response,and does not affect sex hormone level and testicular development,with high clinical application value.

Objective:To investigate the effect of brinzolamide-timolol maleate eye drops on the metabolism of intravitreally injected vancomycin hydrochloride (VH) in rabbit eyes.Methods:Nine healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were selected.Among them, three were used to extract blank aqueous humor and the right eyes of the remaining six were set as experimental eyes.The experimental eye was topically administered 30 μl of brinzolamide-timolol maleate eye drops twice a day.The fellow eyes were set as control eyes.The intraocular pressure of both eyes was measured before the initial application of the eye drops and 1 hour after application of the eye drops next day.Both eyes of each rabbit were intravitreally injected with 0.5 mg of VH (10 mg/ml) solution.The aqueous humor was drawn at 2 hours and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days after intravitreal injection.VH concentrations in aqueous humor were measured by high performance liquid chromatography.The time of peak concentrations ( tmax), peak concentration ( Cmax), elimination half-life ( t1/2) and the area under the concentration-time curve ( AUC) of VH in rabbit eyes were calculated by the average concentrations.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECA-2023-01). Results:The intraocular pressure after eye drop was significantly lower than that before eye drop in experimental eyes ( P<0.01).The tmax of VH in experimental eyes and control eyes were both 1 day.The Cmax of VH in experimental eyes and control eyes were (61.40±13.48) and (51.56±5.07)μg/ml, respectively.The VH aqueous concentrations in the experimental eyes on days 4, 6 and 8 after injection were all significantly higher than those in the control eye ( t=2.378, 3.150, 2.694; all P<0.05).The t1/2 of VH in the aqueous humor of the experimental eyes was 2.69 days, which was 31% longer than 2.05 days of the control eyes.The AUC0-10 d of experimental eyes increased by 24.3% relative to the control eyes. Conclusions:Brinzolamide-timolol maleate eye drops can significantly extend the ocular residence time of intravitreally injected VH.

Objective:To compare the effects of brinzolamide-timolol (B&T) eye drops and dipivefrine hydrochloride (DH) eye drops on the intraocular metabolism of ranibizumab after intravitreal injection in rabbit.Methods:Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into DH group, B&T group, and control group.The right eye was selected as the experimental eye.The B&T and DH groups received DH and B&T eye drops, respectively, twice daily, 30 μl each time.The control group did not receive any treatment.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in both eyes before the first administration and 1 hour after the first administration on the second day.After IOP measurement, the experimental eye received an intravitreal injection of 0.25 mg ranibizumab (10 mg/ml).Aqueous humor samples were collected 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days after injection.Ranibizumab concentration in the aqueous humor was measured by ELISA kit.Pharmacokinetic parameters including time to peak concentration ( tmax), peak concentration ( Cmax), elimination half-life ( t1/2) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of ranibizumab were calculated.This experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECA-2023-03). Results:The tmax of ranibizumab in the aqueous humor was 1 day in all three groups.The Cmax values in the control, B&T and DH groups were (8.122±2.445), (13.079±3.140) and (8.299±0.899)μg/ml, respectively.Except for day 3 in the control group, the ranibizumab concentrations in aqueous humor of the B&T group were higher than that of the DH group and the control group at all time points after injection, with statistically significant significances (all P<0.05).The t1/2 of ranibizumab in aqueous humor in the control group, B&T group, and DH group were (2.90±0.29), (3.36±0.35) and (2.80±0.29) days, respectively, and the AUC0-t values were (52.697±10.178), (80.244±11.249) and (51.985±8.734)μg/ml·d, respectively.The t1/2 and AUC0-t of ranibizumab in aqueous humor of the B&T group were significantly higher than those of the DH group and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).The mean bioavailability in the B&T group was increased by 52.3% compared to the control group. Conclusions:B&T eye drops prolong the half-life and enhance the intraocular bioavailability of ranibizumab after intravitreal injection in rabbits, whereas DH has no significant effect on its intraocular metabolism.