BackgroundIndividuals with schizophrenia are prone to higher rates of hospital readmission， presenting significant clinical challenges and imposing considerable social burdens within the mental health domain. In recent years， various risk prediction models have been developed to forecast readmission in patients with schizophrenia and support clinical decision-making， but their predictive performance and clinical applicability require comprehensive evaluation. ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia， so as to provide insights for the development of high-performance and highly applicable readmission risk prediction models for patients with schizophrenia. MethodsOn July 5， 2025， a systematic literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases， including PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， CINAHL， CNKI， China Biomedical Literature Database， Wanfang Database， and VIP Database， to identify risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to July 1， 2025. Two researchers independently performed literature screening， data extraction， risk of bias assessment， and applicability assessment. ResultsA total of 9 studies were included in this review， encompassing 18 risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia. Among them， 4 models reported the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve （AUC）， ranging from 0.734 to 0.820， 16 models provided AUC values of 0.642–0.879 for internal validation， and 1 model demonstrated an AUC of 0.841 for external validation. Key predictors included disease duration and the concomitant therapy of antipsychotic medications. The risk of bias was assessed as "high" in all included studies. ConclusionThe development of risk prediction models for readmission in patients with schizophrenia remains in an exploratory stage. Although the model exhibits favorable predictive performance， it is associated with a high risk of bias and insufficient performance evaluation.

AIM:To explore the role of miR-195-5p in mediating trastuzumab resistance in gastric cancer and to validate its potential as a therapeutic target along with its target gene GPRC5A.METH-ODS:Trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancer cell lines(NCI-N87 and MKN45)were established.Cell viabili-ty under trastuzumab treatment was assessed us-ing CCK-8 assays.Expression levels of miR-195-5p were determined by RT-qPCR.Transfection with miR-195-5p mimics was performed to evaluate changes in trastuzumab sensitivity and prolifera-tion.GPRC5A expression was also measured by RT-qPCR,and the targeting relationship between miR-195-5p and GPRC5A was confirmed using a dual-lu-ciferase reporter assay.RESULTS:Parental cells showed higher sensitivity to trastuzumab than re-sistant cells,with miR-195-5p expression signifi-cantly lower in the latter.Overexpression of miR-195-5p in resistant cells enhanced trastuzumab sen-sitivity and reduced proliferation.GPRC5A was found to be upregulated in resistant cells,and miR-195-5p directly targeted GPRC5A,affecting cell pro-liferation under trastuzumab treatment.CONCLU-SION:miR-195-5p may regulate trastuzumab sensi-tivity in gastric cancer by targeting GPRC5A,sug-gesting potential as a molecular marker for trastu-zumab therapy guidance.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is categorized into two major classes based on the heterogeneity of histological phenotypes:proliferative HCC and non-proliferative HCC.These classes exhibit distinct clinical,molecular and imaging characteristics.Within these two major categories,there exist multiple pathological subtypes,each demonstrating unique molecular and histological features that manifest differently in imaging findings.Additionally,the prognosis of these HCC pathological subtypes diverges from that of not-otherwise-specified HCC,and current clinical guidelines for their treatment remain unclear.This article aims to summarize the imaging manifestations and prognosis of the histopathological subtypes of HCC,so as to enhance identification and judgement of HCC subtypes,and to provide a theoretical basis for selecting appropriate therapeutic strategies.

In clinical practice,the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma primarily relies on imaging findings.For cases with atypical imaging features or insufficient diagnostic specificity,pathological analysis remains essential.With the advancement of precision medicine,research focus has expanded from pure diagnostic evaluation to therapeutic efficacy prediction.Imaging-based prognostic biomarkers have emerged as a key research frontier in hepatocellular carcinoma management.Although accurate diagnosis remains paramount,current investigations increasingly prioritize the identification of biomarkers for treatment response prediction and outcome stratification.Recent studies demonstrate that radiological characteristics not only reflect tumor heterogeneity but also carry prognostic implications for hepatocellular carcinoma.These imaging biomarkers enable non-invasive outcome prediction and provide objective evidence to optimize therapeutic decision-making.This comprehensive review summarizes MRI-derived imaging features associated with hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis,aiming to guide personalized treatment strategies and ultimately improve survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Objective:This study used data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics to analyze plasma protein expression in sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC), identify key biomarkers, and develop a diagnostic model.Methods:This prospective study included 46 adult sepsis patients from the intensive care unit. Patients were categorized into a general sepsis group ( n=26) and an SIC group ( n=20) based on established SIC criteria. Plasma samples underwent proteomic and bioinformatics analyses to identify differentially expressed protein (DEP) using LASSO regression and Random Forest. A diagnostic model was constructed and assessed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:The baseline data revealed that SIC patients exhibited longer prothrombin times, lower platelet counts, and higher D-dimer, fibrin degradation products, blood lactate, SOFA scores, and APACHE Ⅱ scores compared with general sepsis patients ( P<0.05). DIA proteomics identified 2 637 proteins, with 240 DEP meeting the criteria (fold change >1.5, P<0.05), including 81 upregulated and 159 downregulated DEP. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that DEPs were predominantly extracellular and nuclear. Gene ontology (GO) annotation showed that DEP were mainly involved in cellular physiology, biological regulation, and stress response processes in biological processes. Domain annotation revealed a predominance of immunoglobulin V regions in DEP, which are crucial for antigen recognition and binding. KEGG enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment of DEP in pathways related to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis, tumor necrosis factor signaling, and NF-κB signaling. LASSO regression identified angiogenin and C-type lectin domain family 10 member A as key DEP. The SIC diagnostic nomogram showed an area under the curve of 0.896, with 0.731 specificity and 0.900 sensitivity. Conclusion:The nomogram incorporating angiogenin and C-type lectin domain family 10 member A provides an accurate tool for SIC diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of brinzolamide-timolol maleate eye drops on the metabolism of intravitreally injected vancomycin hydrochloride (VH) in rabbit eyes.Methods:Nine healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were selected.Among them, three were used to extract blank aqueous humor and the right eyes of the remaining six were set as experimental eyes.The experimental eye was topically administered 30 μl of brinzolamide-timolol maleate eye drops twice a day.The fellow eyes were set as control eyes.The intraocular pressure of both eyes was measured before the initial application of the eye drops and 1 hour after application of the eye drops next day.Both eyes of each rabbit were intravitreally injected with 0.5 mg of VH (10 mg/ml) solution.The aqueous humor was drawn at 2 hours and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days after intravitreal injection.VH concentrations in aqueous humor were measured by high performance liquid chromatography.The time of peak concentrations ( tmax), peak concentration ( Cmax), elimination half-life ( t1/2) and the area under the concentration-time curve ( AUC) of VH in rabbit eyes were calculated by the average concentrations.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECA-2023-01). Results:The intraocular pressure after eye drop was significantly lower than that before eye drop in experimental eyes ( P<0.01).The tmax of VH in experimental eyes and control eyes were both 1 day.The Cmax of VH in experimental eyes and control eyes were (61.40±13.48) and (51.56±5.07)μg/ml, respectively.The VH aqueous concentrations in the experimental eyes on days 4, 6 and 8 after injection were all significantly higher than those in the control eye ( t=2.378, 3.150, 2.694; all P<0.05).The t1/2 of VH in the aqueous humor of the experimental eyes was 2.69 days, which was 31% longer than 2.05 days of the control eyes.The AUC0-10 d of experimental eyes increased by 24.3% relative to the control eyes. Conclusions:Brinzolamide-timolol maleate eye drops can significantly extend the ocular residence time of intravitreally injected VH.

Objective:To compare the effects of brinzolamide-timolol (B&T) eye drops and dipivefrine hydrochloride (DH) eye drops on the intraocular metabolism of ranibizumab after intravitreal injection in rabbit.Methods:Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and equally divided into DH group, B&T group, and control group.The right eye was selected as the experimental eye.The B&T and DH groups received DH and B&T eye drops, respectively, twice daily, 30 μl each time.The control group did not receive any treatment.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured in both eyes before the first administration and 1 hour after the first administration on the second day.After IOP measurement, the experimental eye received an intravitreal injection of 0.25 mg ranibizumab (10 mg/ml).Aqueous humor samples were collected 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days after injection.Ranibizumab concentration in the aqueous humor was measured by ELISA kit.Pharmacokinetic parameters including time to peak concentration ( tmax), peak concentration ( Cmax), elimination half-life ( t1/2) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of ranibizumab were calculated.This experiment was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECA-2023-03). Results:The tmax of ranibizumab in the aqueous humor was 1 day in all three groups.The Cmax values in the control, B&T and DH groups were (8.122±2.445), (13.079±3.140) and (8.299±0.899)μg/ml, respectively.Except for day 3 in the control group, the ranibizumab concentrations in aqueous humor of the B&T group were higher than that of the DH group and the control group at all time points after injection, with statistically significant significances (all P<0.05).The t1/2 of ranibizumab in aqueous humor in the control group, B&T group, and DH group were (2.90±0.29), (3.36±0.35) and (2.80±0.29) days, respectively, and the AUC0-t values were (52.697±10.178), (80.244±11.249) and (51.985±8.734)μg/ml·d, respectively.The t1/2 and AUC0-t of ranibizumab in aqueous humor of the B&T group were significantly higher than those of the DH group and the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).The mean bioavailability in the B&T group was increased by 52.3% compared to the control group. Conclusions:B&T eye drops prolong the half-life and enhance the intraocular bioavailability of ranibizumab after intravitreal injection in rabbits, whereas DH has no significant effect on its intraocular metabolism.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of dual-energy CT quantitative parameters for assessing the short-term treatment efficacy of second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.Methods A total of 77 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who received second-generation EGFR-TKIs treatment were retrospectively included.All patients underwent non-contrast and contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT scans.The patients were divided into effective group(45 cases)and ineffective group(32 cases).The clinical data and CT morpho-logical features of the patients were collected,and the iodine concentration(ICA,ICV),normalized iodine concentration(NICA,NICV),and spectral curve slope(kA,kV)in the arterial and venous phases were obtained.The predictive model was constructed using statistically significant intergroup differences,and the predictive performance of the model was evaluated via the area under the curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,calibration curves,and decision curve analysis(DCA).Results Signifi-cant differences were observed in ICA 90 keV,ICA 150 keV,kA and NICA 90 keV,NICA 150 keV between the effective group and the ineffective group(P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified that ICA 90 keV and ICA 150 keV as independent predictors of the short-term treatment efficacy of second-generation EGFR-TKIs.The AUC of the logistic regression model was 0.96[(95%confidence interval(CI)0.87-0.97].Conclusion The quantitative parameters of dual-energy CT can predict the short-term therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in advanced lung adenocarcinoma to a certain extent.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is categorized into two major classes based on the heterogeneity of histological phenotypes:proliferative HCC and non-proliferative HCC.These classes exhibit distinct clinical,molecular and imaging characteristics.Within these two major categories,there exist multiple pathological subtypes,each demonstrating unique molecular and histological features that manifest differently in imaging findings.Additionally,the prognosis of these HCC pathological subtypes diverges from that of not-otherwise-specified HCC,and current clinical guidelines for their treatment remain unclear.This article aims to summarize the imaging manifestations and prognosis of the histopathological subtypes of HCC,so as to enhance identification and judgement of HCC subtypes,and to provide a theoretical basis for selecting appropriate therapeutic strategies.

In clinical practice,the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma primarily relies on imaging findings.For cases with atypical imaging features or insufficient diagnostic specificity,pathological analysis remains essential.With the advancement of precision medicine,research focus has expanded from pure diagnostic evaluation to therapeutic efficacy prediction.Imaging-based prognostic biomarkers have emerged as a key research frontier in hepatocellular carcinoma management.Although accurate diagnosis remains paramount,current investigations increasingly prioritize the identification of biomarkers for treatment response prediction and outcome stratification.Recent studies demonstrate that radiological characteristics not only reflect tumor heterogeneity but also carry prognostic implications for hepatocellular carcinoma.These imaging biomarkers enable non-invasive outcome prediction and provide objective evidence to optimize therapeutic decision-making.This comprehensive review summarizes MRI-derived imaging features associated with hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis,aiming to guide personalized treatment strategies and ultimately improve survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.