Objective To provide a scientific basis for cancer prevention and control in Zhifu district and Yantai city by comprehensively describing and analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of malignant tumors in Zhifu district,and reduce the disease burden.Methods The data of cancer incidence and mortality collected by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Zhifu district from 2010 to 2020 were used to evaluate the incidence and mortality of cancer.The excel template and DismodII software released by WHO were used to calculate the disease burden indexes such as disability-adjusted life year(DALY),years of life lost(YLL),and DALY rate,and the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of disease burden,and annual percent change and average annual percent change were calculated.Results The total DALY of malignant tumors in Zhifu district from 2010 to 2020 was 166192.75 person-years,with a DALY rate of 199.02‰.The disease burden of malignant tumors mainly came from YLL,accounting for 74.70%of DALY.Conclusion Zhifu malignant tumor disease burden is on the rise,the relevant departments still need to improve the registration of malignant tumors,improve the knowledge of the population through the way of public welfare propaganda,increase the screening of common malignant tumors,promote the progress of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer,reduce the disease burden brought by early death.To improve the tertiary prevention of malignant tumors.

Objective To provide a scientific basis for cancer prevention and control in Zhifu district and Yantai city by comprehensively describing and analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of malignant tumors in Zhifu district,and reduce the disease burden.Methods The data of cancer incidence and mortality collected by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Zhifu district from 2010 to 2020 were used to evaluate the incidence and mortality of cancer.The excel template and DismodII software released by WHO were used to calculate the disease burden indexes such as disability-adjusted life year(DALY),years of life lost(YLL),and DALY rate,and the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of disease burden,and annual percent change and average annual percent change were calculated.Results The total DALY of malignant tumors in Zhifu district from 2010 to 2020 was 166192.75 person-years,with a DALY rate of 199.02‰.The disease burden of malignant tumors mainly came from YLL,accounting for 74.70%of DALY.Conclusion Zhifu malignant tumor disease burden is on the rise,the relevant departments still need to improve the registration of malignant tumors,improve the knowledge of the population through the way of public welfare propaganda,increase the screening of common malignant tumors,promote the progress of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer,reduce the disease burden brought by early death.To improve the tertiary prevention of malignant tumors.

Objective : To investigate the etiology, clinical manifestations, treatment and prevention of jaw necrosis caused by arsenic trioxide to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: To analyze the clinical data and related literature of patients with jaw necrosis caused by acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide Results: We report a case of jaw necrosis caused by the use of arsenic trioxide (10 mg once a day for one month) during the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. About 20 days after treatment, the patient developed right maxillary pain accompanied by gingival redness and swelling and mucosal ulcer, 14-17 teeth had buccal and palatal alveolar bone exposed, gingival mucosa was missing, gingival tissue was damaged to the bottom of vestibular groove, and palatal soft tissue was damaged to 5-8 mm of palatal suture. Due to the unstable condition of acute promyelocytic leukemia, the patient was given conservative treatment such as oral vitamin and Kangfuxin liquid gargle to keep his mouth clean. Drug induced jaw necrosis reported in the literature can be caused by bisphosphonates. Arsenic trioxide can also cause local jaw necrosis. Clinically, it is often manifested as long-term wound nonunion, pus, alveolar bone or jaw bone exposure, dead bone formation, accompanied by pain, loose teeth, facial swelling and other symptoms. Anti inflammation, debridement and surgical removal of dead bone are commonly used treatment methods. Conclusion In clinical practice, we should be alert to drug-induced jaw necrosis and strengthen prevention.

Objective:To study the effects of different duty cycles [modulated by pulse repetition frequency(PRF)] of diagnostic ultrasound on enhancing blood perfusion in hypovascular tumors.Methods:Walker-256 tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into the inner thigh of 15 SD rats, and the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to PRF: group A(PRF=50 Hz), group B(PRF=1.0 kHz) and group C(PRF=2.0 kHz), with 5 rats in each group. The tumor-bearing rats in each group were treated with ultrasound combined with microbubbles for 10 minutes. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed before treatment, immediately after treatment, and 4 hours after treatment, respectively, to compare the peak intensity(PI), area under curve(AUC), and tumor perfusion area in each group.Results:Immediately after treatment, PI and AUC values of group A and B increased compared with those before treatment (all P<0.05); 4 hours after treatment, PI and AUC values of group B continued to increase, superior to that immediately after treatment (all P<0.05), while PI and AUC values of group A and C were decreased compared with those immediately after treatment (all P>0.05). Immediately after treatment, the tumor blood perfusion area in group A and B increased significantly compared with that before treatment (all P<0.05); 4 hours after treatment, the tumor blood flow perfusion area of group B continued to increase, which was better than that immediately after treatment ( P<0.05), and the tumor blood perfusion areas of group A and C decreased compared with that immediately after treatment (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Low-intensity diagnostic ultrasound stimulated microbubble cavitation with PRF=1.0 kHz can enhance tumor blood flow significantly which can last for more than 4 hours.

Objective To explore the mechanism of hypertonic salt solution (HS) alleviates lung injury of rats at the early stage of severe scald.Methods Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to sham group, lactated Ringer solution (LR) group, HS200 group (200 mmol/L HS group, 1 L 200 mmol/L HS contained 955 mL LR and 45 mL 10％ NaCl) and HS400 group (400 mmol/L HS group, 1 L 400 mmol/L HS contained 846 mL LR and 154 mL 10％ NaCl), with 8 rats in each group. A 30％ total body surface area (TBSA)Ⅲ degree scalded model was reproduced by scalded on the back with 98℃ boiling water for 12 seconds, whereas those in the sham group were exposed to 37 ℃ water without liquid resuscitation. Rats in the three drug intervention groups were resuscitated with LR, 200 mmol/L HS and 400 mmol/L HS by caudal vein according to the Parkland formula, respectively. All rats were sacrificed at 8 hours after scald injury to harvest abdominal aorta blood and lung tissues. Interleukins (IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17) in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples from the lung tissue were used to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels by ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the lung were determined by Western Blot. The lung tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), and the pathological changes were observed with a light microscope.Results Compared with the sham group, the lung tissues in the LR group were damage obviously, which accompanied with more inflammatory cell infiltration, cell edema and pulmonary septum thickening, and the levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 in serum and MDA content, the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 in lung tissues were increased whereas the activity of SOD was decreased. Compared with the LR group, the lung injury was significantly alleviated, the levels of IL-6, IL-17 in serum and MDA content and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 were decreased, and the levels of IL-10 and SOD were increased in both HS groups with a dose-dependent manner. There were significant difference in above parameters between HS400 group and LR group [serum IL-6 (ng/L): 3.76±0.12 vs. 6.72±0.90, serum IL-10 (ng/L): 33.76±3.71 vs. 16.77±3.19, serum IL-17 (ng/L): 103.52±2.78 vs. 124.96±4.96, lung MDA (nmol/mg): 5.59±0.24 vs. 7.09±0.39, lung SOD (U/mg):226.7±3.9 vs. 172.7±3.4, lung phosphorylation of p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK)/p38MAPK: 0.15±0.09 vs. 0.35±0.19, lung phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2)/ERK1/2: 0.27±0.01 vs. 0.70±0.01, allP < 0.01].Conclusion HS protected against lung injury induced by severe burns in rats with a dose-dependent manner, and it was better than LR, and its possible mechanism was related with reducing the expression of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 pathway in lung tissue, increasing the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus inhibiting excessive inflammation and oxidative stress injury in lung.

Objective: To explore the influence of three-level collaboration network of pediatric burns in Anhui province on treatment effects of burn children. Methods: The data of medical records of pediatric burn children transferred from Lu′an People′s Hospital and Fuyang People′s Hospital to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2014 to December 2015 and January 2016 to September 2017 (before and after establishing three-level collaboration network of pediatric burns treatment) were analyzed: percentage of transferred burn children to hospitalized burn children in corresponding period, gender, age, burn degree, treatment method, treatment result, occurrence and treatment result of shock, and operative and non-operative treatment time and cost. Rehabilitation result of burn children transferred back to local hospitals in 2016 and 2017. Data were processed with t test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher′s exact test. Results: (1) Percentage of burn children transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 was 34.3% (291/848) of the total number of hospitalized burn children in the same period of time, which was close to 30.4% (210/691) of burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 (χ²=2.672, P>0.05). (2) Gender, age, burn degree, and treatment method of burn children transferred from the two periods of time were close (χ²=3.382, Z=-1.917, -1.911, χ²=3.133, P>0.05). (3) Cure rates of children with mild, moderate, and severe burns transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 were significantly higher than those of burn children transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 (χ²=11.777, 6.948, 4.310, P<0.05). Cure rates of children with extremely severe burns transferred from the two periods of time were close (χ²=1.181, P>0.05). (4) Children with mild and moderate burns transferred from the two periods of time were with no shock. The incidence of shock of children with severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 was 6.0% (4/67), and 3 children among them were cured. The incidence of shock of children with severe burns transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 was 3.9% (2/51), and both children were cured. The incidences and cures of shock of children with severe burns transferred from the two periods of time were close (χ²=0.006, P>0.05). Incidence of shock of children with extremely severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 was 57.1% (32/56), significantly higher than that of burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 [34.5% (10/29), χ²=3.925, P<0.05]. Shock of 25 children with extremely severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 were cured, and shock of 9 children with extremely severe burns transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 were cured. The cures of shock of children with extremely severe burns transferred from the two periods of time were close ( χ²=0.139, P>0.05). (5) Time of operative treatment of children with moderate, severe, and extremely severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 was obviously longer than that of burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 (t=2.335, 2.065, 2.310, P<0.05). Time of operative treatment of children with mild burns transferred from the two periods of time was close (Z=-0.417, P>0.05). Costs of operative treatment of children with moderate and severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 were significantly more than those of burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 (Z=-3.324, t=2.167, P<0.05). Costs of operative treatment of children with mild and extremely severe burns transferred from the two periods of time were close (t=0.627, 0.808, P>0.05). (6)Time of non-operative treatment of children with mild, moderate, and severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 was obviously longer than that of burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 (t=2.335, Z=-2.095, t=2.152, P<0.05). Time of non-operative treatment of children with extremely severe burns transferred from the two periods of time was close (t=0.450, P>0.05). Costs of non-operative treatment of children with moderate and severe burns transferred from January 2014 to December 2015 were obviously higher than those of burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 (Z=-2.164, t=2.040, P<0.05). Costs of non-operative treatment of children with mild and extremely severe burns transferred from the two periods of time were close (t=0.146, 1.235, P>0.05). (7) Sixty-seven burn children transferred from January 2016 to September 2017 were transferred back to local hospitals for rehabilitation under the guidance of experts of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, with 25 patients in 2016 and 42 patients in 2017. Effective rehabilitation rates of burn children transferred back to local hospitals for rehabilitation in 2016 and 2017 were both 100%. Conclusions The three-level collaboration network of pediatric burns treatment in Anhui province can effectively increase cure rate of children with mild, moderate, and severe burns, reduce incidence of shock of children with extremely severe burns, shorten time of operative treatment of burn children with moderate, severe, and extremely severe burns, and time of non-operative treatment of children with mild, moderate, and severe burns, reduce treatment costs of children with moderate and severe burns, and improve rehabilitation effectiveness of children transferred from Lu′an People′s Hospital and Fuyang People′s Hospital to the the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.

Objective To investigate the effect of over-expression of ROBO4 on permeability of human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) in high glucose medium.Methods HRGECs infected with recombinant lentiviral vector ROBO4 were cultured in high glucose or low glucose medium in vitro.The protein levels of ROBO4 and ARF6 in each group were detected by Western blotting.The endothelial permeability was measured by the effiux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-Dextran)permeated through the monolayer endothelial cells using Transwell cell model system.The cell viability after lentivirus transfection was measured by CCK8 assay.Results The transfection rate of lentiviruses in HRGECs reached 80％ 72h after,and obvious overexpression of ROBO4 protein was in transformed cells compared with the empty vector group (P＜0.05).The lentivirus-mediated ROBO4 transfection did not affect cell viability of HRGECs.Compared with the low glucose group,the expression of ROBO4 increased obviously after 12h,but declined after 24h (P＜0.05),and reached to minimun after 72h (P＜0.05).On the contrary,the expression of ARF6 increased after 12h,and the increase reached to the maximum after 72h (P＜0.05).Furthermore,the vascular permeability increased gradually after 24h,and reached to the maximum after 72h (P＜0.05) in high glucose group.Compared with the empty vector group,the over-expression of ROBO4 inhibited the expression of ARF6 significantly,and the FITC-Dextran permeability reduced obviously.Conclusion Over-expression of ROBO4 may significantly enhance the barrier functions of HRGEC in high glucose medium,and ROBO4 activation may be a potential therapeutic approach in diabetic nephropathy.

Mitophagy is an essential intracellular process that eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria and maintains cellular homeostasis. Mitophagy is regulated by the post-translational modification of mitophagy receptors. Fun14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) was reported to be a new receptor for hypoxia-induced mitophagy in mammalian cells and interact with microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 beta (LC3B) through its LC3 interaction region (LIR). Moreover, the phosphorylation modification of FUNDC1 affects its binding affinity for LC3B and regulates selective mitophagy. However, the structural basis of this regulation mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present the crystal structure of LC3B in complex with a FUNDC1 LIR peptide phosphorylated at Ser17 (pS), demonstrating the key residues of LC3B for the specific recognition of the phosphorylated or dephosphorylated FUNDC1. Intriguingly, the side chain of LC3B Lys49 shifts remarkably and forms a hydrogen bond and electrostatic interaction with the phosphate group of FUNDC1 pS. Alternatively, phosphorylated Tyr18 (pY) and Ser13 (pS) in FUNDC1 significantly obstruct their interaction with the hydrophobic pocket and Arg10 of LC3B, respectively. Structural observations are further validated by mutation and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assays. Therefore, our structural and biochemical results reveal a working model for the specific recognition of FUNDC1 by LC3B and imply that the reversible phosphorylation modification of mitophagy receptors may be a switch for selective mitophagy.
Crystallography, X-Ray ; Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Degradation ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Peptides ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Structure, Quaternary

Objective To analyze the influence of Wiltse approach and conventional transmuscular approach on the mul?tifidus muscle by imageology, histology and electrophysiology assessment following short?segment pedicle fixation on thoracolum?bar fractures. Methods 76 patients with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficits who had undergone short?segment pedicle fixation between June 2010 and August 2012. Wiltse approach 36 cases, conventional transmuscular approach 40 cases. The perioperative parameters, Visual Analogue Scale scores (VAS), and radiologic parameters, esp the imageology, histology and electrophysiology changes of multifidus muscle were compared. Results 20 cases were fellowed up over 1 year in the Wiltse ap?proach group (20/36, 56%). 25 cases were fellowed up over 1 year in the conventional transmuscular approach group (25/40, 62.5%). No significant differences were found in terms of gender, age, fracture type, injured segment and follow?up period. Till the last follow?up, all patients with vertebral fractures were healed. No loosening or breaking of internal fixation was observed. Com?pared to the conventional transmuscular approach, the Wiltse approach was significantly advantageous in terms of operation time, the amount of bleeding, hospital stays and VAS scores after the surgery but the length of incision, besides, the Wiltse approach group had less incidence of multifidus atrophy and less fatty infiltration, and in conventional transmuscular approach group electro?myography demonstrated that the multifidus muscles median frequency values and average amplitude value were significantly low?er than Wiltse approach group. Conclusion The Wiltse approach for thoracolumbar fractures, retaining the posterior ligament complex, is an effective and minimally invasive treatment, with less trauma, less bleeding, less operation time, the advantages of re?liable clinical results. Especially less incidence of multifidus atrophy and less fatty infiltration.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the regularity and the characteristics of ADR in county-level second grade class A hospi-tal,in order to promote rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS:In retrospective study,399 ADR reported to National ADR Monitoring Network by county-level second grade class A hospital from 2011 to 2014 were analyzed. RESULTS:399 cases of ADR most happened in 0-10 year-old children (39.35%);most of ADR cases (91.98%) were related to intravenous administra-tion;56.39% of ADR cases were caused by antibiotics(56.39%),among which cephalosporin antibiotics took up the highest pro-portion(19.55%). ADR mainly manifested as lesion of skin and appendants(50.38%). CONCLUSIONS:It contributes to guaran-tee the safety of drug use that mastering the situation of ADR monitoring and report and extracting valuable warning sign.