Objective To investigate the current status of cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization management of dental instruments in medical institutions in Henan Province,analyze potential issues in hospital infection control,and propose targeted nursing strategies.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey the cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization management of dental instruments in 352 medical institutions in Henan Province from February to April 2024.A self-made questionnaire was designed,covering aspects such as the handling model and personnel configuration for dental instruments,training for cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization personnel,configuration and maintenance of cleaning and disinfection equipment,use and management of small pressure steam sterilizers,and reprocessing status of dental instruments.Results A total of 352 questionnaires were distributed,with 348 valid responses.Among the 34 primary medical institutions,only 10(29.41％)had a centralized cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization model for dental instruments;13(38.24％)had dedicated personnel for cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization of dental instruments;25(73.53％)were equipped with pressure water guns.Compari-sons among medical institutions of different levels showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.001).In the 348 medical institutions,194(55.75％)arranged pre-job training for nursing personnel;143(41.09％)performed mainte-nance on cleaning and disinfection equipment once a year;52(14.94％)did not perform pre-treatment on contaminated dental instruments after use.Among the 104 institutions using small pressure steam sterilizers,21(20.19％)used Type N small pressure steam sterilizers.Conclusion The centralized management rate of dental instruments and the basic equipment configuration rate in primary medical institutions in Henan Province are relatively low.There are issues such as insufficient personnel training,neglect of equipment maintenance,improper management of small pressure steam sterilizer usage,and incomplete reprocessing procedures in medical institutions at all levels.It is recommended that nursing managers further strengthen the training of nurses in the disinfection supply center,standardize the cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization workflow for dental instruments,in order to prevent and control hospital infections.

Objective To investigate the current status of cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization management of dental instruments in medical institutions in Henan Province,analyze potential issues in hospital infection control,and propose targeted nursing strategies.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey the cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization management of dental instruments in 352 medical institutions in Henan Province from February to April 2024.A self-made questionnaire was designed,covering aspects such as the handling model and personnel configuration for dental instruments,training for cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization personnel,configuration and maintenance of cleaning and disinfection equipment,use and management of small pressure steam sterilizers,and reprocessing status of dental instruments.Results A total of 352 questionnaires were distributed,with 348 valid responses.Among the 34 primary medical institutions,only 10(29.41％)had a centralized cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization model for dental instruments;13(38.24％)had dedicated personnel for cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization of dental instruments;25(73.53％)were equipped with pressure water guns.Compari-sons among medical institutions of different levels showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.001).In the 348 medical institutions,194(55.75％)arranged pre-job training for nursing personnel;143(41.09％)performed mainte-nance on cleaning and disinfection equipment once a year;52(14.94％)did not perform pre-treatment on contaminated dental instruments after use.Among the 104 institutions using small pressure steam sterilizers,21(20.19％)used Type N small pressure steam sterilizers.Conclusion The centralized management rate of dental instruments and the basic equipment configuration rate in primary medical institutions in Henan Province are relatively low.There are issues such as insufficient personnel training,neglect of equipment maintenance,improper management of small pressure steam sterilizer usage,and incomplete reprocessing procedures in medical institutions at all levels.It is recommended that nursing managers further strengthen the training of nurses in the disinfection supply center,standardize the cleaning,disinfection,and sterilization workflow for dental instruments,in order to prevent and control hospital infections.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Weiyan Tongluo Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)and explore its potential mechanisms.METHODS From June 2020 to December 2022,100 CAG patients with spleen defi-ciency and blood stasis syndrome were enrolled and randomly divided into a trial group(n=50)and a control group(n=50)using a random number table.The trial group received Weiyan Tongluo Granules plus a folic acid placebo,while the control group received fo-lic acid tablets plus a traditional Chinese medicine granule placebo.The treatment course for both groups was 24 weeks,with 8 and 10 dropouts in the trial and control groups,respectively.Post-treatment comparisons included OLGA/OLGIM staging reversal rates,low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression rate,SSDPRO-CG(Patient-Reported Outcome Scale for Chronic Gastritis in Spleen-Stomach Diseases)scores,TCM syndrome scores,and safety indicators.Serum levels of PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,and G-17 were measured via ELISA before and after treatment.Gastric mucosal p-NF-κB and CDX2 protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blot,while mRNA levels of IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,and MUC2 were quantified via qPCR.RESULTS After treatment,the trial group showed sig-nificantly higher OLGA and OLGIM stage reversal rates than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),though no significant difference was observed in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression.Both groups exhibited significant improvements in physiological domain scores and total SSDPRO-CG scores(P<0.01),with the trial group outperforming the control group in physiological,independence,psychological domains,and total scores(P<0.05,P<0.01).TCM syndrome scores(total and sub-items:gastric distension,pain,poor appetite,bloating)decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.01),while the trial group showed greater reductions in loose stools and dull complexion(P<0.01).After-treatment,the trial group had significantly lower TCM syndrome scores than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Serum PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,G-17,gastric mucosal p-NF-κB,CDX2,and IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,MUC2 mRNA levels improved significantly in the trial group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the control group improved only in PGⅡ(P<0.05,P<0.01).The trial group's improvements in these biomarkers surpassed the control group's(P<0.05,P<0.01).No treatment-related adverse events occurred in either group.CONCLUSION Weiyan Tongluo Granules ameliorate gastric mucosal pathology,clinical symptoms,psychological state,and quality of life in CAG patients without significant adverse effects.Its mechanism may involve sup-pressing the NF-κB pathway to reduce IL-1β and IL-6 expression,downregulating CDX2 to inhibit VIL1 and MUC2 transcription,thereby reversing the vicious cycle of inflammation-intestinal metaplasia.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Weiyan Tongluo Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)and explore its potential mechanisms.METHODS From June 2020 to December 2022,100 CAG patients with spleen defi-ciency and blood stasis syndrome were enrolled and randomly divided into a trial group(n=50)and a control group(n=50)using a random number table.The trial group received Weiyan Tongluo Granules plus a folic acid placebo,while the control group received fo-lic acid tablets plus a traditional Chinese medicine granule placebo.The treatment course for both groups was 24 weeks,with 8 and 10 dropouts in the trial and control groups,respectively.Post-treatment comparisons included OLGA/OLGIM staging reversal rates,low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression rate,SSDPRO-CG(Patient-Reported Outcome Scale for Chronic Gastritis in Spleen-Stomach Diseases)scores,TCM syndrome scores,and safety indicators.Serum levels of PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,and G-17 were measured via ELISA before and after treatment.Gastric mucosal p-NF-κB and CDX2 protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blot,while mRNA levels of IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,and MUC2 were quantified via qPCR.RESULTS After treatment,the trial group showed sig-nificantly higher OLGA and OLGIM stage reversal rates than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01),though no significant difference was observed in low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia regression.Both groups exhibited significant improvements in physiological domain scores and total SSDPRO-CG scores(P<0.01),with the trial group outperforming the control group in physiological,independence,psychological domains,and total scores(P<0.05,P<0.01).TCM syndrome scores(total and sub-items:gastric distension,pain,poor appetite,bloating)decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.01),while the trial group showed greater reductions in loose stools and dull complexion(P<0.01).After-treatment,the trial group had significantly lower TCM syndrome scores than the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Serum PG I,PGⅡ,PGR,G-17,gastric mucosal p-NF-κB,CDX2,and IL-1β,IL-6,VIL1,MUC2 mRNA levels improved significantly in the trial group(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the control group improved only in PGⅡ(P<0.05,P<0.01).The trial group's improvements in these biomarkers surpassed the control group's(P<0.05,P<0.01).No treatment-related adverse events occurred in either group.CONCLUSION Weiyan Tongluo Granules ameliorate gastric mucosal pathology,clinical symptoms,psychological state,and quality of life in CAG patients without significant adverse effects.Its mechanism may involve sup-pressing the NF-κB pathway to reduce IL-1β and IL-6 expression,downregulating CDX2 to inhibit VIL1 and MUC2 transcription,thereby reversing the vicious cycle of inflammation-intestinal metaplasia.

Objective To evaluate the surgical treatments of refractory sclerosing peritonitis related peritoneal dialysis.Methods Clinical data of 15 patients with refractory sclerosing peritonitis related to peritoneal dialysis treated in the General Surgery Department of the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army from June 30,2014 to May 30,2018.Among them,5 cases underwent"open abdomen peritoneal catheter removal+intestinal adhesiolysis+abdominal infection flushing and drainage with catheter",4 cases underwent"laparoscopic peritoneal catheter removal+intestinal adhesiolysis+abdominal infection flushing and drainage with catheter",3 cases underwent"laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter removal+abdominal infection flushing and drainage with catheter",2 cases underwent"open abdomen peritoneal dialysis catheter removal+abdominal infection flushing and drainage with catheter",and 1 case underwent"laparoscopic examination combined with laparotomy exploration and removal of lower abdominal catheter+intestinal adhesiolysis+abdominal infection flushing and drainage with catheter".Age,gender,clinical symptoms,abdominal CT examination,peripheral blood routine,blood biochemistry,blood C-reactive protein(CRP),white blood cells,biochemistry,and aetiology of peritoneal dialysis fluid were collected and followed up,and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results 15 patients were transferred to the Department of Surgery after ineffective treatment in the Department of Internal Medicine.Preoperatively(after 5 days of antibiotic treatment)compared to before antibiotic treatment,there were no significant changes in blood WBC,blood NEUT％,CRP,and peritoneal fluid WBC(P＞0.05).Laparoscopic exploration or laparotomy exploration was performed,during which the peritoneal dialysis catheter was removed and the abdominal infection focus was cleared.A pelvic cavity washout drainage tube was left in place postoperatively.Fourteen patients had a good recovery after surgery,with effective control of peritonitis symptoms and no complications such as intestinal obstruction or enterocutaneous fistula.After the removal of the peritoneal dialysis catheter,all patients switched to hemodialysis.A comparison of inflammatory markers before and after surgery showed a significant decrease after surgery.Three days postoperatively compared to before surgery(after 5 days of antibiotic treatment),there were no significant changes in blood WBC,blood NEUT％,CRP,and peritoneal fluid WBC(P＞0.05).Seven days postoperatively compared to before surgery(after 5 days of antibiotic treatment),there was a significant decrease in blood WBC[(7.43±2.65)× 109/L VS(10.17±5.24)× 109/L],blood NEUT％[(88.23±9.02)％VS(85.07±11.57)％],and CRP[(152.88±113.01)mg/L VS(114.49±92.97)mg/L](P＜0.05);the peritoneal fluid WBC at 7 days postoperatively showed no significant change compared to before surgery(after 5 days of antibiotic treatment)(P＞0.05).The cases were followed up for at least 22 months,and 13 patients did not experience peritonitis or intestinal obstruction again.One patient died 39 days after surgery due to multiple organ failure,and one patient died from other causes after a 2-year follow-up.Conclusion For refractory sclerosing peritonitis related peritoneal dialysis that is ineffective in medical conservative treatment,On the basis of reasonable and effective antibiotics to control infection,surgical intervention should be actively carried out and surgical methods such as surgery should be used to control the progress of peritonitis,reduce mortality and improve the cure rate.

[Objective] To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of Antopol Goldman lesion (AGL) in clinical practice. [Methods] Clinical data and diagnosis and treatment process of one AGL case treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed. [Results] The patient presented with painless gross hematuria and right-sided lower back pain.Imaging examination suggested swelling of the right kidney, blood accumulation in the right calyx, renal pelvis and lower ureter, blood clot in the bladder, and multiple small stones in the left kidney.After multidisciplinary consultation, close imaging follow-up, interventional and flexible ureterdscope examination, tumors of hematological diseases, renal hematuria, arteriovenous fistula and collection system were excluded.After conservative treatment, the patient gradually recovered.During the follow-up of 1 year, no hematuria or low back pain recurred. [Conclusion] There is no clear diagnostic standard for AGL.Diagnosis relies on imaging, interventional methods and ureteroscopy.It is necessary to exclude other diseases and adopt conservative treatment.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methylation mediated by methyltransferase 3(METTL3)in regulating lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced endothelial cell permeability changes.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were cultured in vitro.HUVECs were treated with LPS 50,125,250,500,1 000,2 000 ng/ml for 24 h.METTL3 mRNA expression was detected by Real-time PCR.After HUVECs were intervened with 500 ng/ml for 24 h,the methylation level of m6A was detec-ted,and cell permeability was measured by cell permeability test.Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of intercellular junction proteins(Claudin-5,Occludin and VE-caherin).METTL3 overexpressed stable cell lines were constructed to measure the changes of m6A methylation level and per-meability of endothelial cells during METTL3 overexpression.Results Compared to the control group,LPS inhibi-ted the expression of HUVECs METTL3 mRNA,decreased the methylation of m6A,increased the cell permeabili-ty,and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of intercellular junction proteins(Claudin-5,Occludin and VE-Caherin).When METTL3 was overexpressed,the m6A methylation levels of endothelial cells were enhanced,and the increase of endothelial cell permeability induced by LPS was reversed.Conclusion METTL3-mediated m6A methylation can improve the permeability of endothelial cells induced by sepsis.

There are few clinical reports on the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract stones secondary to urinary diversion. This study included 30 patients with upper urinary tract stones secondary to urinary diversion, and all of which were successfully managed. The individualized treatment with the ureteroscopy and/or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with antegrade, retrograde, or a combination of antegrade and retrograde is safe and feasible.

Primary prostate synovial sarcoma (PPSS) is rare in clinic. One patient was admitted to our hospital in May 2021. The patient was admitted to the hospital because of the physical examination. Preoperative pelvic enhanced MR, PETCT and preoperative puncture pathology suggested that pelvic soft tissue sarcoma was likely. Robot-assisted radical resection of pelvic tumor was performed, and the unilateral PPSS was diagnosed by postoperative pathology, immunohistochemistry and gene detection. Patients were treated with ifosfamide + adriamycin adjuvant chemotherapy one month after operation, and Proton therapy radiotherapy five months after operation. Follow-up for more than 2 years showed that the patients were generally in good condition, and no recurrence or metastasis was found in imaging.

Objective:To explore the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of emerging snail-infested sites in different environmental types in Yunnan Province.Methods:The data of snail-infested sites in Yunnan Province from 1950 to 2014 (from Yunnan Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention), were collected and sorted out, a spatial and temporal database on the distribution of emerging snail-infested sites were established, and the changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of emerging snail-infested sites in different environments types (ditches, tangerines, paddy fields, dry land, beaches and other environments) were studied by using spatial autocorrelation analysis and scanning statistics analysis.Results:From 1950 to 2014, the annual number of emerging snail-infested sites in Yunnan Province reached a peak (1 730) in 1955 and then showed a fluctuating downward trend. From 1993 to 2014, the number of emerging snail-infested sites remained below 100, and increased to 160 and 131, respectively, in 2004 and 2013. The longest mean duration of 43.85 years was recorded for the beaches environment for emerging snail-infested sites, followed by the paddy fields environment with a mean duration of 37.01 years, and the shortest mean duration of 20.44 years for the tangerines environment. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a positive spatial correlation between the duration of emerging snail-infested sites of different environmental types (global Moran's I ranged from 0.43 to 0.64, P < 0.05). Scanning statistics analysis showed that emerging snail-infested sites of different environmental types had spatial and temporal aggregation ( P < 0.001), with 3- 6 clusters of statistically significant aggregation detected respectively. Conclusion:The emerging snail-infested sites in different environments types in Yunnan Province have spatial and temporal aggregation, and it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and prevention and control of the aggregation areas of different environment types to prevent further spread of the snail.