Objective To observe the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with Tirofiban on cerebral oxygen metabolism and neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 110 patients with ischemic stroke of qi deficiency and blood stasis type who were treated at Rizhao Central Hospital from October 2022 to October 2024 were selected.The patients were randomly divided into a control group and a combined group using a random number table,with 55 patients in each group.The control group received intravenous infusion of Tirofiban,while the combined group was given additional Buyang Huanwu Decoction orally on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment for both groups covered 2 weeks.Before and after treatment,the changes in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores,oxidative stress response,neurological function,platelet function,and indicators associated with cerebral oxygen metabolism in both groups were observed.Results(1)After treatment,the scores of TCM syndromes of sudden dizziness,hemiplegia,shortness of breath and fatigue,and pale and dull complexion were decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the combined group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the levels of serum oxidative stress response indicators of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were increased(P＜0.05),while the levels of serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were decreased(P＜0.05)in both groups compared with those before treatment.The combined group showed more significant increase in serum GSH-Px and SOD levels and more significant decrease in serum ox-LDL and MDA levels than the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the platelet function indicators of platelet aggregation rate and platelet adhesion rate were decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the combined group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,arterial oxygen content(CaO2)was increased(P＜0.05),while the levels of cerebral oxygen extraction rate(ERO2),and cerebral arteriovenous oxygen content difference[D(a-jv)O2]were decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the changes of the levels in the combined group were more obvious than those in the control group(P＜0.01).(5)Ater treatment,the neurological function indicators of NIHSS scores and serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE)level were decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),while the levels of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and nerve growth factor(NGF)were increased(P＜0.05).The combined group showed significant decrease in NIHSS scores and serum NSE level and significant increase in serum BDNF and NGF levels compared to the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion For the treatment of patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis type of ischemic stroke,Buyang Huanwu Decoction combined with Tirofiban is effective on reducing TCM syndrome scores,improving cerebral oxygen metabolism and neurological function indicators,and inhibiting oxidative stress response,with significant therapeutic effects.

Existing emotion recognition research is typically limited to static laboratory settings and has not fully handle the changes in emotional states in dynamic scenarios. To address this problem, this paper proposes a method for dynamic continuous emotion recognition based on electroencephalography (EEG) and eye movement signals. Firstly, an experimental paradigm was designed to cover six dynamic emotion transition scenarios including happy to calm, calm to happy, sad to calm, calm to sad, nervous to calm, and calm to nervous. EEG and eye movement data were collected simultaneously from 20 subjects to fill the gap in current multimodal dynamic continuous emotion datasets. In the valence-arousal two-dimensional space, emotion ratings for stimulus videos were performed every five seconds on a scale of 1 to 9, and dynamic continuous emotion labels were normalized. Subsequently, frequency band features were extracted from the preprocessed EEG and eye movement data. A cascade feature fusion approach was used to effectively combine EEG and eye movement features, generating an information-rich multimodal feature vector. This feature vector was input into four regression models including support vector regression with radial basis function kernel, decision tree, random forest, and K-nearest neighbors, to develop the dynamic continuous emotion recognition model. The results showed that the proposed method achieved the lowest mean square error for valence and arousal across the six dynamic continuous emotions. This approach can accurately recognize various emotion transitions in dynamic situations, offering higher accuracy and robustness compared to using either EEG or eye movement signals alone, making it well-suited for practical applications.
Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Emotions/physiology* ; Eye Movements/physiology* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Support Vector Machine ; Algorithms

Objective: To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test from 2018 to 2023, with the aim of providing references for improving laboratory testing quality and ensuring the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Methods: Three EQA programs were conducted annually, each distributing 22 quality assessment samples. Participating transfusion laboratories were required to complete testing within specified deadlines and to submit results along with documentation of testing methodologies, reagents, and equipment used. National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) conducted statistical analysis of laboratory results, evaluated testing outcomes and related circumstances, and provided feedback to participating laboratories. EQA data from transfusion laboratories across China from 2018 to 2023 were collected and systematically analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2023, the qualification rates for all five items (ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, Rh blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching) were 67.59%, 77.11%, 77.38%, 72.78%, 79.96%, and 85.16%, respectively. The mean qualification rates for ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching over the past six years were 96.25%±0.59%, 90.45%±4.52%, 96.05%±0.71%, 90.88%±2.86%, and 88.34%±3.48%, respectively. The qualification rates in 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023 all showed a stable trend of "blood stations>tertiary hospitals>secondary hospitals". The mean qualification rate of laboratories in secondary hospitals from 2018 to 2023 was significantly lower than those of laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P>0.05). The micro column agglutination method was the most widely used in all five tests. In the four test items, namely ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching, there was a statistically significant difference in the qualification rate of micro column agglutination method compared to other methods (P<0.05). There was a statistical difference in the qualification rate between manual and automated detection using micro column agglutination method in the cross-matching tests (P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was noted for the other test items (P>0.05). Conclusion: From 2018 to 2023, the number of laboratories participating in EQA activities has been increasing year by year, and the qualification rate has shown an overall upward trend. The type of laboratory is a key factor affecting the qualification rate, and the testing capabilities of some laboratories still need to be improved. The micro column agglutination method is widely used in transfusion compatibility tests. The established EQA program effectively monitors quality issues in laboratories, drives continuous improvement, and ensures sustained enhancement of testing standards to safeguard clinical blood safety.

OBJECTIVE To standardize the main processes and related technical links of the clinical comprehensive evaluation of drugs， and provide guidance and reference for improving the quality of comprehensive evaluation evidence and its transformation and application value. METHODS The construction of Guideline for the Workflow of Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation of Drugs was based on the standard guideline formulation method of the World Health Organization （WHO）， strictly followed the latest definition of guidelines by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States， and conformed to the six major areas of the Guideline Research and Evaluation Tool Ⅱ. Delphi method was adopted to construct the research questions； research evidence was established by applying the research methods of evidence-based medicine. The evidence quality classification system of the Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center was adopted for evidence classification and evaluation. The recommendation strength was determined by the recommendation strength classification standard formulated by the Oxford University Evidence-Based Medicine Center， and the recommendation opinions were formed through the expert consensus method. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The Guideline for the Workflow of Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation of Drugs covers 4 major categories of research questions， including topic selection， evaluation implementation， evidence evaluation， and application and transformation of results. The formulation of this guideline has standardized the technical links of the entire process of clinical comprehensive evaluation of drugs， which can effectively guide the high-quality and high-efficient development of this work， enhance the standardized output and transformation application value of evaluation evidence， and provide high-quality evidence support for the scientific decision-making of health and the rationalization of clinical medication.

Objective: To investigate the relationships among psychological resilience, parental control, and behavioral problems in middle school students, aiming to provide evidencebased recommendations for the prevention and intervention of behavioral issues in middle school students, as well as for the development of related policies. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 745 participants from three cities in Guizhou Province with different levels of economic development from August to December 2021. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Parental Control Questionnaire, and Psychological Resilience Questionnaire were administered to junior high school students and their parents. A network analysis method was employed to construct a network analysis model of factors influencing behavioral problems. Results: The detection rate of behavioral problems among junior high school students in Guizhou Province was 22.62%. The scores for psychological resilience (goal focus, emotional control, positive cognition, family support, and interpersonal assistance) and proactive inquiry in behavior control were higher in the group without behavioral problems than in the group with behavioral problems. Scores for psychological control (inducing guilt, with drawing affection, and asserting authority) were higher in the group with behavioral problems than in the group without behavioral problems, with statistically significant differences (t=9.80, 17.76, 6.21, 12.20, 13.18, 6.28, 11.58, 11.10, 10.74, P<0.05). The network model showed that among the same variable factors, the strongest connection weight was between inducing guilt and withdrawing affection, with a weight of 0.79. Between different variables, there were negative correlation between behavioral problems and psychological resilience (goal focus, emotional control, positive cognition, family support, interpersonal assistance) and behavior control (proactive inquiry, behavioral restraint) with correlation coefficients (r=-0.25, -0.42, -0.16, -0.31, -0.33, -0.17, -0.03, P<0.05), respectively. There were positive correlation between psychological control factors (inducing guilt, withdrawing affection, and asserting authority) and behavioral problems (r=0.29, 0.27, 0.27), and a negative correlation between these psychological control factors and psychological resilience factors (goal focus, emotional control, positive cognition, family support, interpersonal assistance)(r=-0.53--0.13)(P<0.05). The strongest connection weight was between withdrawing affection and family support, with a connection weight of -0.53. Family support was an important bridge symptom connecting the entire behavioral problem network model, with a high centrality. Conclusions The detection rate of behavioral problems among junior high school students in Guizhou Province is relatively high. Assisting adolescents in establishing a supportive family environment facilitates the cultivation of their psychological resilience, thereby mitigating the occurrence of behavioral problems.

Objective To establish a simple model for arteriosclerosis(AS)screening to provide a viable tool for the timely identification of AS risk among residents aged 40～65 years.Methods Data were obtained from the Sleep and Chronic Diseases Program in Fuquan City.The original dataset was divided into a training subset and a validation subset(80%:20%).LASSO and logistic regression models were used to screen variables,perform multivariate regression analyses.Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap method.Nomogram Plot was constructed,and risk score thresholds were determined based on ROC curves to classify high-risk populations.Results RS Model was established to include age,gender,napping,sleep efficiency,sleep disorders,hyperten-sion and diabetes,with AUC=74.80%and a model risk score threshold=84.20.PHC Model was established to include age,gender,napping,sleep efficiency,systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,and pulse variables,with AUC=82.80%and a risk score threshold of 78.00.Decision curves showed that both models performed well in terms of calibration and actual benefits for health management.Conclusion The two AS screening models exhibit acceptable accuracy and differentiation.Therefore,it can be applied in residents'self-health management and in primary care organizations'screening work in a large scale.

Objective To obtain the monitoring measurement range of quality indicators of red blood cells,plasma and derivatives and leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelets provided by blood stations in Hebei province,explore the distribution of monitoring values and the change of monitoring level,so as to further strengthen the homogenization construction of quality control laboratories in blood stations in Hebei.Methods In 2023,the sampling data of 12 blood stations in Hebei from 2015 to 2022 were collected,scatter plots were made and the range markers were set,and the"mean±SD"line was taken as the upper limit and lower limit of the measurement range.In 2024,the monitoring values in 2023 were added,and the changes of two measurement ranges were compared to analyze the stability and overall level.Results Comparison of the measurement range from 2015 to 2022 and the measurement range from 2015 to 2023 showed that the standard deviation of the content of deleukocyte suspension of red blood cells-hemoglobin,washed erythrocyte-hemoglobin,washed erythrocyte-su-pernatant protein,cryoprecipitate coagulation factor-FⅧ,fresh frozen plasma-FⅧ,leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelets-leukocyte residue and leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelet-red blood cell concentration decreased from 8.132 to 7.993,6.252 to 6.104,0.273 to 0.267,57.506 to 56.276,0.920 to 0.892,0.653 to 0.644 and 2.653 to 2.603,respectively.The narrowing of the standard deviation range of the above items led to more concentrated monitoring values and reduced disper-sion.Comparison of the measurement range from 2015 to 2022 and the measurement range from 2015 to 2023 showed that the mean value of leukocyte residue of the deleukocyte suspension of red blood cells,hemoglobin content of the wash eryth-rocyte,protein content of supernatant of the wash erythrocyte,hemolysis rate of the wash erythrocyte,FⅧ content of the cryoprecipitate coagulation factor,plasma protein content of the fresh frozen plasma,FⅧ content of the fresh frozen plasma,platelet content of the leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelets changed from 0.362 to 0.476,44.915 to 44.861,0.280 to 0.283,0.137 to 0.142,133.989 to 133.271,60.262 to 60.208,1.301 to 1.277 and 3.036 to 3.033,respectively,and was closer to the national standard line,which reflects an increase in the number of unqualified monitoring values or values close to the national standard line in 2023.The long-term qualified rate of coagulation items was low,and no improvement has been ob-served.The stability of biochemical items has been enhanced but overall deviation has occurred,with the average value close to the national standard line.The possibility of subsequent testing failure has increased.The counting items showed no obvi-ous common characteristics.Conclusion The use of"mean±SD"in the analysis can visually display the distribution of mo-nitoring values of different items in Hebei,forming an indicator measurement range covering the past nine years.It shows the characteristics of each item,and provides reference for subsequent quality control laboratory data analysis of each blood sta-tions to takes active measures to improve the monitoring level.

Currently,human health due to corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been seriously threatened.The coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)spike(S)protein plays a crucial role in virus transmission and several S-based therapeutic approaches have been approved for the treatment of COVID-19.However,the efficacy is compromised by the SARS-CoV-2 evolvement and mutation.Here we report the SARS-CoV-2 S protein receptor-binding domain(RBD)inhibitor licorice-saponin A3(A3)could widely inhibit RBD of SARS-CoV-2 variants,including Beta,Delta,and Omicron BA.1,XBB and BQ1.1.Furthermore,A3 could potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus in Vero E6 cells,with EC50 of 1.016 pM.The mechanism was related to binding with Y453 of RBD deter-mined by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry(HDX-MS)analysis combined with quan-tum mechanics/molecular mechanics(QM/MM)simulations.Interestingly,phosphoproteomics analysis and multi fluorescent immunohistochemistry(mIHC)respectively indicated that A3 also inhibits host inflammation by directly modulating the JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)path-ways and rebalancing the corresponding immune dysregulation.This work supports A3 as a promising broad-spectrum small molecule drug candidate for COVID-19.

Objective:To analyze a Chinese pedigree with a recombination occurring between the HLA- A/ C loci in both parents. Methods:A patient who was planning to undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation due to "aplastic anemia" in February 2022 was selected as the study subject. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patient, his parents and brother. HLA- A/ C/ B/ DRB1/ DQB1 high-resolution typing was carried out by using sequence-based typing and sequence-specific oligonucleotides. The recombination was identified by pedigree analysis. The HLA haplotype of each individual was identified by genealogical analysis. The parentage possibility was determined by short tandem repeat analysis. HLA- A/ C/ B/ DRB1/ DRB345/ DQA1/ DQB1/ DPA1/ DPB1 were determined with next-generation high-throughput sequence-based typing. The recombination sites were analyzed by family study. Results:The high parentage possibilities of the family was confirmed by short tandem repeat analysis. Recombination was found between the HLA- A* 24: 02 A* 33: 03/ C* 14: 03 in the paternally transmitted haplotype, whilst HLA- A* 01: 01 A* 03: 01/ C* 08: 02 was found in the maternally transmitted haplotype, which had resulted in two novel HLA haplotypes in the proband. Conclusion:A rare case with simultaneous recombination of the paternal and maternal HLA- A/ C loci has been discovered, which may facilitate further study of the mechanisms of the HLA recombination.

Objective To compare and analyze the efficacy and safety of 5-needle injection and standard 20-needle injection in the treatment of overactive bladder with botulinum toxin type A.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 patients with overactive bladder who received intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A in the Department of Urology,Hangzhou Third People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2022,and they were divided into two groups according to the number of injections,with 24 patients in each group.The observation group received 5-needle injection,and the control group received standard 20-needle injection.Average daily frequency of urination,international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-overactive bladder,international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-overactive bladder(ICIQ-OAB)score,overactive bladder(OAB-Q)score,visual analogue scale(VAS),patient generated index(PGI-I)score,complication rate and willingness to repeat injection were recorded before and after treatment in two groups,respectively.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender,course of disease,average daily frequency of urination before treatment and baseline data of each score between the two groups,which were comparable.All patients completed treatment,and compared with before treatment,the mean daily frequency of urination,ICIQ-OAB and OAB-Q were improved after treatment(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in scores and incidence of complications between the two groups after treatment(P>0.05).However,patients in the observation group were more willing to receive another injection(P<0.05).Conclusion The efficacy and safety of 5-needle vesical injection of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of overactive bladder is similar to that of standard 20-needle injection,which is more easily accepted by patients,and is a safe and effective alternative to standard technique.