Background: This study aimed to develop standard job categories for constructing a job-exposure matrix (JEM) for police officers in South Korea and to evaluate their applicability. Methods: We examined standard job codes related to police personnel management and compared them with job classifications from police publications. Using R Shiny, we developed a web-based search tool for standard codes. A pilot survey of 130 police officers assessed the codes' applicability and relevance to health-related hazardous factors. Results: Eighty-seven standard functional codes used in the police personnel management system POOL were organized into minor categories as the basic units of standard jobs. These were grouped into 20 sub-major categories and further consolidated into 10 major categories to develop the standard job codes. The responses to the standard job codes in the pilot survey were 75% accurate compared with the final expert evaluation results and 99.2% accurate compared with the algorithm-based automatic allocation results. The results of the job-hazardous factor network analysis revealed that the most frequently reported hazardous factor was emotional labor, followed by night shifts and electromagnetic waves. Emotional labor was identified as the top hazardous factor in six out of the nine standard job categories. Conclusions The standard job codes developed in this study were designed in connection with the personnel management system for police officers, making them well-suited for constructing a comprehensive JEM for the entire police force.

Accurate occupation classification is essential in various fields, including policy development and epidemiological studies. This study aims to develop an occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT.

Accurate occupation classification is essential in various fields, including policy development and epidemiological studies. This study aims to develop an occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT.

Accurate occupation classification is essential in various fields, including policy development and epidemiological studies. This study aims to develop an occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT.

Purpose: This study analyzed news titles related to nurses in Korea before and after the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, and aimed to identify the implications of media reports. Methods: Data from January 2019 to December 2020 were collected from BIGKINDS regarding Korean nurses. Text mining and CONCOR analysis were conducted on the top 30 keywords using TEXTOM and Ucinet 6. Results: From the findings of this study, keywords were related to Taewom and Newborn death in 2019. Additionally, because of COVID-19 and the controversy over the encouragement of President Moon Jae-in, Taewom was included in 2020. Using CONCOR analysis, 6 clusters (characteristics and results of major incidents, the issue related target, Newborn abuse, Taewom, drugs, nursing education) were generated in 2019, and 6 clusters (emergency room, hero, controversy, Taewom, COVID-19, hospital infection) were generated in 2020. Conclusion Before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the news headlines of nurses consisted of negative keywords, while there were few positive news headlines. In order to improve the image of nurses, it is necessary to continuously analyze media trends and establish strategies accordingly.

This case report describes the immediate loading of narrow diameter implants in the mandibular incisor area using full-digital flow. The 3-dimensional position of the implants was planned using digital software, and the corresponding surgical template was fabricated. The implants were inserted immediately after extraction and on the same day, the interim abutment and bridge were placed. At 8 weeks after surgery, the stability of the implants was measured and a digital impression was made using a scan body. Customized titanium abutments and a cementtype full zirconia bridge were delivered. At 36 weeks’ follow-up, no clinical or radiographic complications were detected, and the patient was satisfied with the results.

The Sézary syndrome is a leukemic form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of erythroderma covering at least 80% of the body-surface area, lymphadenopathy, and the presence of clonally related neoplastic T cells with cerebriform nuclei (Sézary cells) in the blood, skin, and lymph nodes. Hypereosinophilia can be caused by hematologic malignancy with clonal abnormality, which is often associated with Sézary syndrome. Sézary syndrome has rarely been reported in Korea. However, hypereosinophilia in the Sézary syndrome has not been reported in Korea. Here, we report a case of 75-year-old man with hypereosinophila, erythroderma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma which was finally diagnosed as Sézary syndrome.

Aged ; Bone Marrow ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Epidural Space ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Male ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Spinal Cord Compression ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

OBJECTIVES: To find work related factors affecting perceived fatigue among male metal product assemblers. METHODS: The study subjects were metal product assemblers from three metal product companies (476 car parts assemblers, 610 car engine assemblers, 454 ship engine assemblers). From the total of 1,540 subjects, 1,136 (73.8%) were included and 38 respondents with insufficient replies were excluded. Associations between fatigue score and other variables (general characteristics, job related factors, workload, job stresses) were investigated in terms of the concept of multidimensional fatigue construct by self administered questionnaire. Using MFS (Multidimensional Fatigue Scale), JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire), and Borg's scale, we estimated the fatigue, job stress, and workload, respectively. Fatigue score was estimated by 'sum of fatigue' in MFS. Associations were tested by linear regression analysis using SAS v.8.0. RESULTS: In this study, the fatigue related factors were older age, longer working hours per week, higher workload, higher job demand, lower decision latitude, and lower supervisor support. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged working hours, higher workload, higher job demand, poor supervisor support and lower decision latitude were fatigue related factors among the male metal product assemblers of this study.
Data Collection ; Fatigue* ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male* ; Questionnaires ; Ships

OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to make a questionnaire for assessing physical workloads and to evaluate its reliability and validity. METHODS: A total of 220 workers (foundry workers 30, large vehicle assemblers 30, shipyard workers 75, and automobile manufacturers 80) completed a self-administered questionnaire and took examinations for physical work capacity and working heart rate. We excluded data with insufficient responses or incorrect physical work capacity and working heart rate. Finally, the data of 154 workers (70.0%) were used for our study. In order to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, we used statistical analyses including the scaling assumption test and a comparison with the objective tool for physical workload which was evaluated by working energy expenditure. RESULTS: The items of the questionnaire in the same categories had close distribution in the evaluation of the scaling assumption. The item internal consistency was 0.41-0.73 for posture factor, and 0.62-0.79 for non-posture factor. The item discriminate validity was 100%. Cronbach's alphacoefficient of the total items was 0.73 (0.58 for posture factor and 0.74 for nonposture factor). In the correlation between working energy expenditure and questions, general physical activity (p=0.008), proportion of the workday with hands above shoulder (p=0.002), proportion of the workday with trunk bent (p=0.028), proportion of the workday with awkward posture (p=0.048), sweating after work (p=0.006), total scales (p=0.003) and Borg scale (p=0.011) all had statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire for assessing physical workloads demonstrated statistically significant reliability and validity. But the questions for the proportions of the workday with sitting work posture and with static posture should be modified via a larger study.
Automobiles ; Energy Metabolism ; Hand ; Heart Rate ; Motor Activity ; Posture ; Questionnaires* ; Reproducibility of Results* ; Shoulder ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Weights and Measures