Background/Aims: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. We investigated genomic determinants of clinical benefit from gemcitabine, cisplatin, and nab-paclitaxel (GAP) versus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) in advanced BTC. Methods: Clinical and genomic data using TruSight Oncology 500 were analyzed from patients treated with GAP (N=198) or GC (N=89) as first-line therapy. Results: With a median follow-up of 33.0 months, GAP modestly improved progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.764; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.591–0.989) without significant overall survival (OS) difference compared to GC. Genomic profiling revealed frequent alterations in TP53 (35.2%), KRAS (16.4%), SMAD4 (10.5%), and TNFRSF14 (10.5%), involving RTK/RAS (44.3%), TP53 (41.8%), and PI3K (20.2%) pathways. Single-gene mutations did not predict treatment benefit. However, pathway-level analysis identified PI3K pathway activation as significantly associated with inferior PFS (HR 2.148; 95% CI 1.478–3.124) and OS (HR 2.096; 95% CI 1.413–3.109) in patients receiving GAP, an effect not observed with GC. Importantly, GAP conferred clinical benefit only in patients without PI3K pathway activation, while no survival advantage was seen in those with such alterations (Pinteraction=0.023 for PFS, Pinteraction=0.003 for OS). Similar results were obtained in the independent validation cohort treated with GAP (N=103) or GC (N=64) for BTC. Conclusions Genomic profiling using next-generation sequencing identified PI3K pathway activation as key molecular determinant that differentiates patient outcomes between GAP and GC treatments in advanced BTC.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in children and adolescents. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guideline in 2008, which has been helpful in atopic dermatitis treatment until now. Various reports on the development and effectiveness of new drugs have suggested that there is a need to develop and revise old treatment guidelines. Part 1 aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for skin care management and topical treatment for atopic dermatitis. Part 2 focuses on systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy. The goal of this guideline is intended to assist front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent atopic dermatitis patients make safer, more effective, and more rational decisions regarding systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations with a clear level of evidence and benefit regarding treatment.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in children and adolescents. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guideline in 2008, which has been helpful in atopic dermatitis treatment until now. Various reports on the development and effectiveness of new drugs have suggested that there is a need to develop and revise old treatment guidelines. Part 1 aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for skin care management and topical treatment for atopic dermatitis. Part 2 focuses on systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy. The goal of this guideline is intended to assist front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent atopic dermatitis patients make safer, more effective, and more rational decisions regarding systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations with a clear level of evidence and benefit regarding treatment.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in children and adolescents. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guideline in 2008, which has been helpful in atopic dermatitis treatment until now. Various reports on the development and effectiveness of new drugs have suggested that there is a need to develop and revise old treatment guidelines. Part 1 aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for skin care management and topical treatment for atopic dermatitis. Part 2 focuses on systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy. The goal of this guideline is intended to assist front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent atopic dermatitis patients make safer, more effective, and more rational decisions regarding systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations with a clear level of evidence and benefit regarding treatment.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in children and adolescents. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guideline in 2008, which has been helpful in atopic dermatitis treatment until now. Various reports on the development and effectiveness of new drugs have suggested that there is a need to develop and revise old treatment guidelines. Part 1 aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for skin care management and topical treatment for atopic dermatitis. Part 2 focuses on systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy. The goal of this guideline is intended to assist front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent atopic dermatitis patients make safer, more effective, and more rational decisions regarding systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations with a clear level of evidence and benefit regarding treatment.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in children and adolescents. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guideline in 2008, which has been helpful in atopic dermatitis treatment until now. Various reports on the development and effectiveness of new drugs have suggested that there is a need to develop and revise old treatment guidelines. Part 1 aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for skin care management and topical treatment for atopic dermatitis. Part 2 focuses on systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy. The goal of this guideline is intended to assist front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent atopic dermatitis patients make safer, more effective, and more rational decisions regarding systemic treatment, novel therapeutics, and adjuvant therapy by providing evidence-based recommendations with a clear level of evidence and benefit regarding treatment.

Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a DNA-derived drug with a molecular weight of 50 to 1,500 kDa that is extracted from the sperm of fish such as salmon, trout, and sturgeon. PDRN activates the adenosine A2 receptor and salvage pathway, promoting bone cell activity, collagen synthesis, and angiogenesis. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have described the wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects of PDRN. PDRN enhances tendon-to-bone healing in rotator cuff injuries, reduces fat degeneration, and has positive clinical effects on pain relief and functional recovery. In vivo studies on Achilles tendon injuries have shown that PDRN promotes collagen synthesis, inhibits cell apoptosis, and reduces inflammatory responses. In lateral epicondylitis of the elbow, PDRN administration improves pain and increases the thickness of tendons. PDRN has been reported to alleviate pain in plantar fasciitis. Moreover, PDRN promotes re-epithelialization in wound healing, diabetic ulcers, and pressure ulcers, leading to shortened healing periods and positive outcomes. In degenerative arthritis, PDRN administration has comparable or even superior effects to hyaluronic acid treatment. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies show that PDRN is a promising therapeutic approach for musculoskeletal disorders and skin healing, serving as an effective tissue regeneration stimulant.

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic skin inflammatory diseases in children. Appropriate treatment is difficult due to chronic course with frequent exacerbations, especially in children. Treatment requires caution due to a lack of safety data and information regarding the long-term prognosis of management strategies. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD) published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guidelines in 2008, which has been used to direct atopic dermatitis treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that the guidelines need to be updated regarding bathing methods (duration of bath, temperature, etc.), wet wrap therapy, and topical treatments in line with environmental changes over time and changes in the management strategies of atopic dermatitis. This KAPARD guidelines for atopic dermatitis applied an adaptation based on a systematic review and analysis of selected literature. They are intended to support front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis in making reasoned, safe, effective empirical treatment decisions. In Part I of the KAPARD guidelines for atopic dermatitis, we included evidence-based skin care management strategies and topical treatment options.

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic skin inflammatory diseases in children. Appropriate treatment is difficult due to chronic course with frequent exacerbations, especially in children. Treatment requires caution due to a lack of safety data and information regarding the long-term prognosis of management strategies. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD) published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guidelines in 2008, which has been used to direct atopic dermatitis treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that the guidelines need to be updated regarding bathing methods (duration of bath, temperature, etc.), wet wrap therapy, and topical treatments in line with environmental changes over time and changes in the management strategies of atopic dermatitis. This KAPARD guidelines for atopic dermatitis applied an adaptation based on a systematic review and analysis of selected literature. They are intended to support front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis in making reasoned, safe, effective empirical treatment decisions. In Part I of the KAPARD guidelines for atopic dermatitis, we included evidence-based skin care management strategies and topical treatment options.

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic skin inflammatory diseases in children. Appropriate treatment is difficult due to chronic course with frequent exacerbations, especially in children. Treatment requires caution due to a lack of safety data and information regarding the long-term prognosis of management strategies. The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD) published the Atopic Dermatitis Treatment Guidelines in 2008, which has been used to direct atopic dermatitis treatment. Accumulating evidence suggests that the guidelines need to be updated regarding bathing methods (duration of bath, temperature, etc.), wet wrap therapy, and topical treatments in line with environmental changes over time and changes in the management strategies of atopic dermatitis. This KAPARD guidelines for atopic dermatitis applied an adaptation based on a systematic review and analysis of selected literature. They are intended to support front-line doctors treating pediatric and adolescent patients with atopic dermatitis in making reasoned, safe, effective empirical treatment decisions. In Part I of the KAPARD guidelines for atopic dermatitis, we included evidence-based skin care management strategies and topical treatment options.