Objective To analyze the prevalence characteristics and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in people aged 35-75 years in Hubei Province. Methods The follow-up data from 2016 to 2022 in the early screening and comprehensive intervention project for high-risk cardiovascular population in Hubei Province were collected. SAS 9.4 software was used to conduct 2-test and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the prevalence of MS and its influencing factors. Results Among the 89 199 subjects, 24 757 were affected by MS, with a prevalence rate of 27.75% and a standardized rate of 23.55%. Among the various components of MS, the prevalence of abnormal blood pressure was the highest, at 70.88%, and the standardized rate was 59.32%. Secondly, abnormal blood glucose was 36.26%, and the standardized rate was 30.04%. Central obesity was 33.12%, and the standardized rate was 30.28%. Hypertriglyceridemia was 32.90%, and the standardized prevalence rate was 32.70%. The rate of low HDL-C syndrome was 10.25%, and the standardized rate was 11.67%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of MS increased with age, and the risk of MS in urban residents was lower than that in rural residents (OR=0.835, 95%CI: 0.77-0.886). Administrative and professional workers had a higher risk of MS than farmers (OR=1.313, 95%CI:1.194-1.445). Overweight, obesity, central obesity, history of self-reported hypertension, history of self-reported diabetes, and history of self-reported dyslipidemia were associated with a higher risk of MS, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of MS is high in people aged 35-75 years in Hubei Province. On the basis of comprehensive intervention, focus monitoring should be strengthened to control the risk factors of MS and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of Wenyang Xiaoyin Prescription （Linggui Zhugan Tang combined with Tingli Dazao Xiefei Tang） on a doxorubicin-induced mouse model of chronic heart failure （CHF）. The multi-targeting action mechanism of the therapy is revealed， based on the arginine vasopressin （AVP）-vasopressin V₂ receptor （V2R）-aquaporin 2 （AQP2） signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factor -κB （NF-κB） pathway mediated by the liver X receptor （LXR） in the heart， brain， and kidney tissue. MethodsCHF mouse models were established by using intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin and subsequently divided into a blank control group， a model control group， Wenyang Xiaoyin Prescription groups （Linggui Zhugan decoction combined with Tingli Dazao Xiefei decoction） with various doses， a captopril group， and a combination group receiving both Wenyang Xiaoyin prescription （as before） and captopril. Cardiac function was assessed by using color Doppler echocardiography， while the levels of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP）， AVP， and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system （RAAS） in the serum were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Pathological changes and ventricular remodeling in ventricular tissues were evaluated through hematoxylin and eosin （HE） and Masson staining， and myocardial cell apoptosis of mice was assessed by using TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling （TUNEL） staining. Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were employed to detect the protein and RNA expression levels of LXRα， nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells （NF-κB）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） in the cardiac tissue， LXRβ， AVP in the hypothalamus， and LXRβ， V2R， and AQP2 in the kidneys. Furthermore， immunohistochemistry was used to quantify AQP2-positive collecting ducts in renal tissues. ResultsThe Wenyang Xiaoyin prescription significantly enhanced cardiac function indicators in CHF mice， reducing levels of BNP， AVP， and RAAS in the serum. It also mitigated myocardial cell damage and fibrosis change. The Wenyang Xiaoyin prescription inhibited the expressions of NF-κB and its downstream targets TNF-α and iNOS and improved myocardial inflammatory response， cell apoptosis， and ventricular remodeling by upregulating the expression of LXRα in cardiac tissues. Concurrently， the Wenyang Xiaoyin prescription elevated LXRβ expression in the kidneys and hypothalamus while downregulating the expression levels of AVP， V2R， and AQP2， as well as water permeability in the collecting ducts， thereby alleviating cardiac load. ConclusionThe intervention of Wenyang Xiaoyin prescription demonstrates a significant therapeutic effect on CHF， and its role involves the multi-target effect mechanism of the AVP/V2R/AQP2 and NF-κB pathways mediated by the nuclear receptor LXR in the heart， brain， and kidney tissue.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Euphorbia Lathyrol on expressions of IL-7,IL-10 and VEGF in renal clear cell neoplasias(RCCN)mice by regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.Methods:RCCN xenograft mice were established and divided into model group,Euphorbia Lathyrol group and Cisplatin group.Euphorbia Lathyrol group were given 20 mg/kg Euphorbia Lathyrol solution intragastric administration,model group were given 0.9%NaCl gastric feeding,Cisplatin group were given intraperito-neal injection of 4 mg/kg cisplatin solution,then mice weight and tumor volume were recorded.Expressions of TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad4 were tracked down through Western blot.Expressions of immune factors IL-7 and IL-10 in serum of xenograft mice were detected by ELISA.Expression of VEGF in tumor mass was detected by IHC.Results:After 14 days of administration,compared with model group,the proliferation of tumor grafts in Cisplatin group and Euphorbia Lathyrol group was inhibited(P<0.05),and the expressions of TGF-β1,Smad2,Smad4 protein and VEGF were observably decreased(P<0.05),expressions of IL-7 in serum was increased,while level of IL-10 in serum was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Euphorbia Lathyrol is able to reduce expressions of IL-7,IL-10,as well as VEGF in RCCN xenograft mice by impeding TGF-β1/Smad signaling transduction system.

Due to the inherently complex anatomical structure and physiological charac-teristics of the biliary system, biliary surgery faces considerable challenges in key stages such as preoperative planning, intraoperative identification, and postoperative management. These challenges contribute to a persistently high incidence of complications, severely affecting patient prognosis and overall survival. In recent years, with the continued advancement of interdisciplinary integration between medicine and engineering, intelligent digital technologies, centered on digital medicine, big data, and medical artificial intelligence, have been increasingly applied in the field of biliary surgery, offering new solutions to these longstanding problems. The authors systematically review recent advances and clinical applications of intelligent digital technologies in biliary surgery, and explore the evolution from clinical needs to technological innovation and practical implementation. The aim is to facilitate the transition of biliary surgery from an experience-based approach to an intelligent and precision-driven paradigm, thereby improving surgical safety and patient outcomes.

Aluminum foil for pharmaceutical packaging is a material used for solid dosage forms.Guideline 9625 of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2025 edition),built on the concepts of whole-process quality control and risk management,specifies the quality requirements for aluminum foil.This article analyzed and discussed the critical quality attributes and technical control points of aluminum foil by examining its fundamental characteristics,production processes,and relevant domestic and international standards.This article aimed to provide guidance for stakeholders in understanding and applying the guidelines,thereby enhancing pharmaceutical packaging quality and fostering standardization across the industry.

Aluminum foil for pharmaceutical packaging is a material used for solid dosage forms.Guideline 9625 of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China(2025 edition),built on the concepts of whole-process quality control and risk management,specifies the quality requirements for aluminum foil.This article analyzed and discussed the critical quality attributes and technical control points of aluminum foil by examining its fundamental characteristics,production processes,and relevant domestic and international standards.This article aimed to provide guidance for stakeholders in understanding and applying the guidelines,thereby enhancing pharmaceutical packaging quality and fostering standardization across the industry.

Due to the inherently complex anatomical structure and physiological charac-teristics of the biliary system, biliary surgery faces considerable challenges in key stages such as preoperative planning, intraoperative identification, and postoperative management. These challenges contribute to a persistently high incidence of complications, severely affecting patient prognosis and overall survival. In recent years, with the continued advancement of interdisciplinary integration between medicine and engineering, intelligent digital technologies, centered on digital medicine, big data, and medical artificial intelligence, have been increasingly applied in the field of biliary surgery, offering new solutions to these longstanding problems. The authors systematically review recent advances and clinical applications of intelligent digital technologies in biliary surgery, and explore the evolution from clinical needs to technological innovation and practical implementation. The aim is to facilitate the transition of biliary surgery from an experience-based approach to an intelligent and precision-driven paradigm, thereby improving surgical safety and patient outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Euphorbia Lathyrol on expressions of IL-7,IL-10 and VEGF in renal clear cell neoplasias(RCCN)mice by regulating TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.Methods:RCCN xenograft mice were established and divided into model group,Euphorbia Lathyrol group and Cisplatin group.Euphorbia Lathyrol group were given 20 mg/kg Euphorbia Lathyrol solution intragastric administration,model group were given 0.9%NaCl gastric feeding,Cisplatin group were given intraperito-neal injection of 4 mg/kg cisplatin solution,then mice weight and tumor volume were recorded.Expressions of TGF-β1,Smad2 and Smad4 were tracked down through Western blot.Expressions of immune factors IL-7 and IL-10 in serum of xenograft mice were detected by ELISA.Expression of VEGF in tumor mass was detected by IHC.Results:After 14 days of administration,compared with model group,the proliferation of tumor grafts in Cisplatin group and Euphorbia Lathyrol group was inhibited(P<0.05),and the expressions of TGF-β1,Smad2,Smad4 protein and VEGF were observably decreased(P<0.05),expressions of IL-7 in serum was increased,while level of IL-10 in serum was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Euphorbia Lathyrol is able to reduce expressions of IL-7,IL-10,as well as VEGF in RCCN xenograft mice by impeding TGF-β1/Smad signaling transduction system.

Objective:To corelate thromboelastography (TEG)-related parameters and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels with the severity of preeclampsia and pregnancy outcomes in patients with preeclampsia.Methods:A case-control study was conducted involving 92 patients with preeclampsia who received treatment at Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital between March 2022 and September 2023 (patient group) and 92 healthy pregnant women who underwent routine check-ups during the same period (control group). All participants underwent TEG tests, and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were measured. Intergroup comparisons were performed, and patients were categorized based on the severity of their condition. TEG parameters and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were compared among patients with varying severities of preeclampsia. TEG-related parameters were correlated with D-dimer and fibrinogen levels. Adverse pregnancy outcomes in the patient group were statistically analyzed, and risk factors for these adverse outcomes in women with preeclampsia were identified.Results:In the patient group, the R and K values were (3.06 ± 0.36) minutes and (1.21 ± 0.14) minutes, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(5.44 ± 0.61) minutes, (1.79 ± 0.21) minutes, t = 32.22, 22.04, both P < 0.001]. The α angle, CI value, MA value, and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels in the patient group were (71.31 ± 7.63)°, (3.89 ± 0.41), (65.71 ± 7.01) mm, (2.22 ± 0.24) mg/L, and (4.51 ± 0.49) g/L, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(64.85 ± 6.79)°, (2.19 ± 0.23), (58.96 ± 6.09) mm, (1.92 ± 0.21) mg/L, (3.75 ± 0.40) g/L, t = -6.06, -34.68, -6.97, -9.02, -11.52, all P < 0.001]. In the patient group, severe cases had significantly lower R and K values compared with mild cases, while the α angle, CI value, MA value, and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in severe cases than in mild cases ( t = 11.06, 7.16, -8.01, -12.05, -3.91, -13.74, -8.269, all P < 0.001). In patients with preeclampsia, the R and K values were negatively correlated with D-dimer levels, and the R value was negatively correlated with fibrinogen level ( r = -0.504, -0.612, -0.493, all P < 0.05). In addition, the MA and CI values were positively correlated with D-dimer level, and the α angle was positively correlated with fibrinogen level ( r = 0.436, 0.534, 0.492, all P < 0.05). Among the participants, 41 women experienced adverse pregnancy outcomes. In patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes, the R and K values were (2.48 ± 0.25) minutes and (1.12 ± 0.14) minutes, which were significantly lower than those in patients without adverse pregnancy outcomes [(2.75 ± 0.29) minutes, (1.28 ± 0.13) minutes, t = 4.71, 5.67; both P < 0.001]. The α angle, CI value, MA value, and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels in patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were (76.62 ± 8.01)°, (4.42 ± 0.46), (69.77 ± 7.06) mm, (2.57 ± 0.27) mg/L, and (4.97 ± 0.51) g/L, all of which were significantly higher than those in patients without adverse pregnancy outcomes [(67.04 ± 7.01)°, (3.46 ± 0.37), (62.45 ± 6.82) mm, (1.94 ± 0.21) mg/L, (4.14 ± 0.43) g/L, t = -6.11, -5.03, -11.09, -12.25, -8.46, all P < 0.001]. Logistic regression analysis indicated that R and K values were protective factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes ( OR < 1, P < 0.05), while MA value, α angle, CI value, and D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were independent risk factors ( OR > 1, P < 0.05). Conclusion:TEG-related parameters differ significantly between patients with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women. These parameters are correlated with the severity of preeclampsia, as well as with D-dimer and fibrinogen levels. TEG-related parameters are risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with preeclampsia.

Lignans are a powerful weapon for plants to resist stresses and have diverse bioactive functions to protect human health. Elucidating the mechanisms of stereoselective biosynthesis and response to stresses of lignans is important for the guidance of plant improvement. Here, we identified the complete pathway to stereoselectively synthesize antiviral (-)-lariciresinol glucosides in Isatis indigotica roots, which consists of three-step sequential stereoselective enzymes DIR1/2, PLR, and UGT71B2. DIR1 was further identified as the key gene in respoJanuary 2024nse to stresses and was able to trigger stress defenses by mediating the elevation in lignan content. Mechanistically, the phytohormone-responsive ERF transcription factor LTF1 colocalized with DIR1 in the cell periphery of the vascular regions in mature roots and helped resist biotic and abiotic stresses by directly regulating the expression of DIR1. These systematic results suggest that DIR1 as the first common step of the lignan pathway cooperates with PLR and UGT71B2 to stereoselectively synthesize (-)-lariciresinol derived antiviral lignans in I. indigotica roots and is also a part of the LTF1-mediated regulatory network to resist stresses. In conclusion, the LTF1-DIR1 module is an ideal engineering target to improve plant Defenses while increasing the content of valuable lignans in plants.