Objective To investigate the predictive value of bone metabolism parameters on cardiac autonomic nervous system function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 328 patients with T2DM hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled in this study from October 2022 to October 2023.According to the serum 25(OH)D level,all the participants were divided into<10 ng/ml group(n=80),10～20 ng/ml group(n=173),and 20～30 ng/ml group(n=75).Biochemical indicators,bone metabolic parameters,left ventricular mass(LVM)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)were compared.Time domain indicators ofheart rate variability(HRV)in 24 h holter electrocardiogram,including the global standard deviation of normal sinus RR interval(SDNN),sinus RR interval mean standard deviation(SDANN),and normal continuous sinus RR interval difference root mean square(RMSSD).Meanwhile,adjacent RR interval difference>50 ms as a percentage of the total inter-period(PNN50),HRV triangle index,standard deviation of the difference between the length of the entire adjacent NN interperiod(SDSD),and 24 h holter electrocardiogram HRV time-domain relevant indicators were compared among the three groups.The influence of bone metabolism parameters on cardiac autonomic nervous function and their correlation were analyzed,and the optimal cutting point of cardiac autonomic nervous function was predicted by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results SBP,heart rate(HR),FPG,PWV,PTH and β-CTX in groups of 10 ng/ml,10～20 ng/ml and 20～30 ng/ml decreased in turn(P<0.05),while HDL-C,ABI,25(OH)D,Ca2+and PNN50 decreased.Correlation analysis between Spearman and Pearson showed that 25(OH)D was positively correlated with SDNN,HRV triangle index,PNN50 and rMSSD(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that 25(OH)D,Ca2+and HR were the influencing factors of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with T2DM.The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the ROC curve of 25(OH)D,Ca2+and HR were 0.791,0.607 and 0.629,respectively,with sensitivity of 73.4%,53.2%and 38.7%,and specificity of 74.0%,93.6%and 81.4%,respectively.Conclusions 25(OH)D is the influencing factor of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with T2DM,and patients with high degree of deficiency are more prone to cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies by the research team have shown that the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on improving cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury may be related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,but the specific mechanism of action remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To explore the molecular mechanism of ginsenoside Rb1 in alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.METHODS:100 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups.The sham operation group(n=25)did not undergo model establishment.In the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury group(n=25),the middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established by thread embolism.In the ginsenoside Rb1 group(n=25),the middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established by thread embolism and ginsenoside Rb1 was intraperitoneally injected every day for 3 days before the establishment.In ginsenoside Rb1+inhibitor group(n=25),the middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established by thread embolism and ginsenoside Rb1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor XAV939 were intraperitoneally injected every day for 3 days before the establishment.Three days after modeling,Zea Longa score and balance beam test were used to evaluate the neurological deficits of mice.TTC staining was used to observe the volume of cerebral infarction.The dry-wet mass method was used to detect the degree of brain edema in mice.The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the concentration of malondialdehyde in the parietal lobe of the ischemic side were detected by colorimetry.The co-expression of microglial marker Iba1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase(or arginase 1)was detected by immunofluorescence.The levels of aquaporin AQP4,inflammatory-related factors,and phosphorylation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins glycogen synthase kinase 3β and β-catenin were detected by western blot assay.The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors was detected by q-PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury group,the neurological deficit symptoms,cerebral infarction foci and brain tissue edema,oxidative stress and inflammatory response of the mice were alleviated;the number of M1 microglia(Iba1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase co-expressed)decreased;the number of M2 microglia(Iba1 and arginase 1 co-expressed)increased;the expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β and phosphorylated β-catenin protein decreased in ginsenoside Rb1 group.Compared with ginsenoside Rb1 group,the neurological deficit symptoms,cerebral infarction foci and brain tissue edema,oxidative stress and inflammatory response of the mice were aggravated;the number of M1 microglia increased;the number of M2 microglia decreased;the expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β and phosphorylated β-catenin protein increased in ginsenoside Rb1+inhibitor group.(2)The results indicate that ginsenoside Rb1 can regulate the polarization of microglia to M2 type and alleviate oxidative stress damage and inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Its mechanism may be related to the nuclear translocation of β-catenin mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective To discuss the application of ultrasound multimodal diagnostic mode combined with ultrasonic precision interventional technology in differentiating the benign from malignant solid breast masses.Methods A total of 396 patients who underwent breast surgery at the Wuwei Cancer Hospital of China from May 2021 to July 2023 were enrolled in this study.Within 2 weeks before surgery,multimodal ultrasound examination(including two-dimensional ultrasound,color Doppler ultrasound,elastic ultrasound,breast three-dimensional ultrasound,and contrast-enhanced ultrasound)and ultrasound-guided needle biopsy were performed in all patients.The consistency between the results of multimodal ultrasound examination,ultrasound-guided needle biopsy,combination diagnosis and the postoperative pathological diagnoses was analyzed.Results Of the 396 patients with solid breast mass,malignant lesion was seen in 237(59.85％)and benign lesion was seen in 159(40.15％).The sensitivity of multimodal ultrasound in diagnosing benign and malignant solid breast masses was 77.64％(184/237),the specificity was 90.57％(144/159),the positive predictive value was 92.46％(184/199),the negative predictive value was 73.10％(144/197),the accuracy was 82.83％(328/396),and the consistency with the postoperative pathological diagnosis was 0.656.The sensitivity of ultrasound-guided needle puncture in diagnosing benign and malignant solid breast masses was 94.51％(224/237),the specificity was 100.00％(159/159),the positive predictive value was 100.00％(224/224),the negative predictive value was 92.44％(159/172),the accuracy was 96.72％(383/396),and the consistency with the postoperative pathological diagnosis was 0.933.The sensitivity of multimodal ultrasound combined with ultrasound-guided needle puncture in diagnosing benign and malignant solid breast masses was 100.00％(228/228),the specificity was 94.64％(159/168),the positive predictive value was 96.20％(228/237),the negative predictive value was 100.00％(159/159),the accuracy was 97.73％(387/396),and the consistency with the postoperative pathological diagnosis was 0.937.Conclusion The ultrasound multimodal diagnostic mode and ultrasonic precision interventional technology can be used in differentiating the benign from malignant solid breast masses with high diagnostic accuracy.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of bone metabolism parameters on cardiac autonomic nervous system function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 328 patients with T2DM hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled in this study from October 2022 to October 2023.According to the serum 25(OH)D level,all the participants were divided into<10 ng/ml group(n=80),10～20 ng/ml group(n=173),and 20～30 ng/ml group(n=75).Biochemical indicators,bone metabolic parameters,left ventricular mass(LVM)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)were compared.Time domain indicators ofheart rate variability(HRV)in 24 h holter electrocardiogram,including the global standard deviation of normal sinus RR interval(SDNN),sinus RR interval mean standard deviation(SDANN),and normal continuous sinus RR interval difference root mean square(RMSSD).Meanwhile,adjacent RR interval difference>50 ms as a percentage of the total inter-period(PNN50),HRV triangle index,standard deviation of the difference between the length of the entire adjacent NN interperiod(SDSD),and 24 h holter electrocardiogram HRV time-domain relevant indicators were compared among the three groups.The influence of bone metabolism parameters on cardiac autonomic nervous function and their correlation were analyzed,and the optimal cutting point of cardiac autonomic nervous function was predicted by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results SBP,heart rate(HR),FPG,PWV,PTH and β-CTX in groups of 10 ng/ml,10～20 ng/ml and 20～30 ng/ml decreased in turn(P<0.05),while HDL-C,ABI,25(OH)D,Ca2+and PNN50 decreased.Correlation analysis between Spearman and Pearson showed that 25(OH)D was positively correlated with SDNN,HRV triangle index,PNN50 and rMSSD(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that 25(OH)D,Ca2+and HR were the influencing factors of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with T2DM.The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the ROC curve of 25(OH)D,Ca2+and HR were 0.791,0.607 and 0.629,respectively,with sensitivity of 73.4%,53.2%and 38.7%,and specificity of 74.0%,93.6%and 81.4%,respectively.Conclusions 25(OH)D is the influencing factor of cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with T2DM,and patients with high degree of deficiency are more prone to cardiac autonomic nervous dysfunction.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies by the research team have shown that the neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on improving cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury may be related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,but the specific mechanism of action remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To explore the molecular mechanism of ginsenoside Rb1 in alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.METHODS:100 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups.The sham operation group(n=25)did not undergo model establishment.In the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury group(n=25),the middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established by thread embolism.In the ginsenoside Rb1 group(n=25),the middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established by thread embolism and ginsenoside Rb1 was intraperitoneally injected every day for 3 days before the establishment.In ginsenoside Rb1+inhibitor group(n=25),the middle cerebral artery occlusion model was established by thread embolism and ginsenoside Rb1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway inhibitor XAV939 were intraperitoneally injected every day for 3 days before the establishment.Three days after modeling,Zea Longa score and balance beam test were used to evaluate the neurological deficits of mice.TTC staining was used to observe the volume of cerebral infarction.The dry-wet mass method was used to detect the degree of brain edema in mice.The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the concentration of malondialdehyde in the parietal lobe of the ischemic side were detected by colorimetry.The co-expression of microglial marker Iba1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase(or arginase 1)was detected by immunofluorescence.The levels of aquaporin AQP4,inflammatory-related factors,and phosphorylation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins glycogen synthase kinase 3β and β-catenin were detected by western blot assay.The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors was detected by q-PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury group,the neurological deficit symptoms,cerebral infarction foci and brain tissue edema,oxidative stress and inflammatory response of the mice were alleviated;the number of M1 microglia(Iba1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase co-expressed)decreased;the number of M2 microglia(Iba1 and arginase 1 co-expressed)increased;the expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β and phosphorylated β-catenin protein decreased in ginsenoside Rb1 group.Compared with ginsenoside Rb1 group,the neurological deficit symptoms,cerebral infarction foci and brain tissue edema,oxidative stress and inflammatory response of the mice were aggravated;the number of M1 microglia increased;the number of M2 microglia decreased;the expression of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β and phosphorylated β-catenin protein increased in ginsenoside Rb1+inhibitor group.(2)The results indicate that ginsenoside Rb1 can regulate the polarization of microglia to M2 type and alleviate oxidative stress damage and inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Its mechanism may be related to the nuclear translocation of β-catenin mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most prominent causes of chronic liver diseases and malignancies. However, few therapy has been approved. Radix Bupleuri (RB) is the most frequently used herbal medicine for the treatment of liver diseases. In the current study, we aim to systemically evaluate the therapeutic effects of saikosaponin A (SSa) and saikosaponin D (SSd), the major bioactive monomers in RB, against NAFLD and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that both SSa and SSd improved diet-induced NAFLD. Integrative lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that SSa and SSd modulated glycerolipid metabolism by regulating related genes, like

A new nylon affinity matrix with L-tryptoph ane as ligand was prepared for adsorption of bovine γ-globulin. Effects of tem perature, ionic strength and pH on affinity adsorption of γ-globulin on affinity membrane were studied by batch method. The results show that the interaction between ligand and γ-globulin includes mainly electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction. The affinity adsorption at optimum condition obeys Langmuir adsorption model with maximum adsorption capacity and minimum nonspecific adsorption. The space location between protein and ligand and the configuration of proteins wi ll change when deviating from this condition.

Two hunderd and seventy patients with thoracic lesions (including 10 patients with chest wall lesions, 36 with pleural lesions, 130 with intrapulmonary lesions, 81 with mediastinal lesions and 13 cases with partial or complete opacity of hemithorax) were evaluated by ultrasonography during a period of 58 months from January 1987 to October 1991. The value and limitation of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of thoracic lesions were discussed on the basis of comparison with radiographic diagnosis. In 125 of 270 patients percutaneous needle biopsies guided by ultrasonography were performed with an accuracy rate of 97.5%. Slight amount of pneumothorax occured in only two cases (1.60%) after the biopsy.