Sepsis is one of the main causes leading to acute kidney injury(AKI)occurrence in critically ill patients,and about 40％of the patients with sepsis develop AKI.The pathophysiology of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury(SA-AKI)is complex,possibly involving the many mechanisms such as hemodynamics,in-flammation and immunity.The patients with SA-AKI have a poorer prognosis,longer hospital stay and more complications compared to those without AKI.However,there is still a lack of effective means for early identi-fication,prevention and treatment of SA-AKI.Studies have found that new biomarkers may diagnose SA-AKI more sensitively.This paper discusses the latest progress in SA-AKI pathophysiology,summarizes the func-tional,traumatic and stress markers in diagnosing AKI in recent years,their accuracy and limitation for predic-ting AKI occurrence,and investigates their potential for the assisted diagnosis and treatment guidance in order to identify the patients with SA-AKI as early as possible and promote the individualized treatment to improve the prognosis of the patients.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of color doppler ultrasound (CDFI) in the diagnosis of severe pancreatitis.Methods:150 patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) admitted to the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2014 to January 2018 were selected according to the " 2013 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis in China" . Among them, 95 patients with common AP (mild group) and 55 patients with severe AP (severe group). The CDFI ultrasound imaging characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the relationship between the ultrasound score of pancreatitis and acute physiological function and chronic health score (APACHE Ⅱ) was analyzed.Results:The incidence of diffuse pancreatic enlargement (61.82%), blurred pancreatic contour (72.73%), lamellar hypoechoic pancreatic parenchyma (47.27%), thickening of omental sac (25.45%), peripancreatic effusion (60.00%) in severe group was higher than that in mild acute pancreatitis (17.89%, 43.16%, 13.68%, 7.37%, 14.74%), with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). In the severe group, the ultrasound score (7.35±1.52) and the APACHE Ⅱ score (18.7±5.5) were higher than those with mild acute pancreatitis (4.41±1.33, 6.2±1.5), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); there was a significant positive correlation between the ultrasound score and the APACHE Ⅱ score in the severe group ( r=0.669, P<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity, missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate were 83.64%, 74.74%, 16.36% and 25.26% respectively. Conclusions:As a non-invasive and rapid diagnosis method, CDFI has certain clinical practical value in the identification of patients with acute pancreatitis.