Objective To compare the results obtained from an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chromosome image scanning and processing system, the Metafer 4 chromosome scanning and analysis system, and manual analysis of dicentric chromosomes, and to explore the feasibility of applying AI technology for dicentric chromosome detection and biological dose estimation. Methods Healthy human elbow vein blood was collected and subjected to ⁶⁰Co in vitro irradiation. Chromosome samples were prepared using conventional methods. The slides were scanned and automatically analyzed using the AI-based system and the Metafer 4 system. The results were manually analyzed and confirmed. Results The number of cells was comparable between the AI-based system and the Metafer 4 system. However, the scanning speed of the AI-based system was 4.5 seconds per image, which was significantly faster than the 7.3 seconds per image of the Metafer 4 system (t = −6.19, P < 0.05). At a confidence level of 0.7, the AI-based system demonstrated a true positive rate of 96.7% and a false positive rate of 6.5%, which were significantly better than the true positive rate (45.4%-54.5%) and false positive rate (22.2%-29.2%) of the Metafer 4 system (all P < 0.05). In the biological dose estimation, the deviation of the dose-response curve was ≤ ± 10% in the automatic analysis using the Metafer 4 system. Due to the use of the manual dose-response curve, the deviation of the AI-based System was ≤ ± 15%. However, there were no significant differences in the estimated doses when the two systems were compared with the manual analysis (P > 0.05). Conclusion Both the AI-based chromosome image scanning and processing system and the Metafer 4 chromosome scanning and analysis system greatly improved the analysis speed of chromosome aberrations. However, the scanning speed, true positive rate, and false positive rate of the AI-based system were superior to those of the Metafer 4 system. Therefore, the AI-based system is more suitable for rapid and high-throughput biological dose estimation in large-scale radiation accidents.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely acknowledged as primary mediators to the initiation and progression of tumors. The association between microbial infection and cancer stemness has garnered considerable scholarly interest in recent years. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is increasingly considered to be closely related to the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Nevertheless, the role of P. gingivalis in the stemness of OSCC cells remains uncertain. Herein, we showed that P. gingivalis was positively correlated with CSC markers expression in human OSCC specimens, promoted the stemness and tumorigenicity of OSCC cells, and enhanced tumor formation in nude mice. Mechanistically, P. gingivalis increased lipid synthesis in OSCC cells by upregulating the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) expression, a key enzyme involved in lipid metabolism, which ultimately resulted in enhanced acquisition of stemness. Moreover, SCD1 suppression attenuated P. gingivalis-induced stemness of OSCC cells, including CSCs markers expression, sphere formation ability, chemoresistance, and tumor growth, in OSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, upregulation of SCD1 in P. gingivalis-infected OSCC cells was associated with the expression of KLF5, and that was modulated by P. gingivalis-activated NOD1 signaling. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of SCD1-dependent lipid synthesis in P. gingivalis-induced stemness acquisition in OSCC cells, suggest that the NOD1/KLF5 axis may play a key role in regulating SCD1 expression and provide a molecular basis for targeting SCD1 as a new option for attenuating OSCC cells stemness.
Porphyromonas gingivalis/pathogenicity* ; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase/metabolism* ; Humans ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Animals ; Neoplastic Stem Cells/microbiology* ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein/metabolism* ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective To analyze the health effects of long-term occupational exposure to ionizing radiation on radiation workers in a nuclear power plant, and to provide a scientific basis for their occupational health monitoring. Methods In 2023, 183 radiation workers in a nuclear power plant were subjected to the analysis of blood cell parameters such as mean red blood cell count, white blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte count, and hemoglobin count, thyroid function indicators such as serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyrotropin, as well as the chromosomal aberration rate and micronucleus rate of the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Results The blood cell parameters, thyroid function indicators, chromosomal aberration rate, and micronucleus rate of these radiation workers in the nuclear power plant were within normal reference ranges. Comparison among radiation workers with different ages showed statistically significant differences in triiodothyronine (H = 6.98, P < 0.05) and micronucleus rate (H = 48.44, P < 0.05). Among the three groups of radiation workers with different working years, WBC was significantly different (χ² = 3.87, P < 0.05), with the lowest WBC observed in radiation workers with ≥ 20 years of service. Thyroxine (χ² = 4.01, P < 0.05) and micronucleus rate (H = 40.95, P < 0.05) also varied significantly among these three groups. Conclusion Thyroid triiodothyronine level and micronucleus rate were affected by age, while WBC, thyroid thyroxine level, and micronucleus rate were related to working years. Targeted health management should be carried out for radiation workers in nuclear power plants to improve the awareness of radiation protection and continuously enhance their health status.

For middle-aged and elderly patients with conditions such as spinal fractures and degenerative spinal diseases, spinal internal fixation is a core surgical procedure for reconstructing spinal stability, heavily relying on the biomechanical stability provided by pedicle screw systems. Whereas, these patients are often complicated by osteoporosis that can significantly compromise the stability of the bone-pedicle screw interface, leading to a marked increase in pedicle screw loosening and surgical failure rates. The bone cement-augmented pedicle screw technique, which involves injecting bone cement into the vertebral body or screw trajectory to optimize the mechanical properties of the bone-pedicle screw composite, has been proven to significantly enhance fixation strength and effectively prevent screw-related failures, thereby reducing the incidence of internal fixation failure in high-risk populations undergoing spinal fusion. However, the widespread clinical application of this technique has faced challenges such as inaccurate clinical decision-making (indication and contraindication selection), non-standardized operative practices, and insufficient awareness of complication prevention, resulting in considerable variability in clinical outcomes and even severe complications. To address this, Prof. Luo Fei from First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University initiated the project and the Chinese Association Orthopaedic Surgeons organized relevant experts to develop the Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for bone cement-augmented pedicle screw technique ( version 2025), based on current evidence. The guidelines put forward 8 recommendations regarding the clinical value, scope of application, and operational standards of the technique, aiming to provide evidence-based medical support and technical standardization for clinical decision-making.

The sepsis and sepsis-induce lung inju-ry threats seriously human health.Dexmedetomi-dine(DEX),a sedative drug,plays an active role in preventing sepsis-induced lung injury during the ba-sic and clinical practice.The current article reviews the role and mechanism of DEX dexmedetomidine alleviating sepsis-induced lung injury from the as-pects of inflammation,oxidative stress,apoptosis,mitochondrial dynamics,autophagy,vascular per-meability,neuro-regulation,targeting miR-128-3p/MAPK14 and DNA methylation,etc.This review looks forward to deepen the understanding the ap-plication of DEX in the field of critical care medi-cine,expand the pharmacological effect of DEX and provide a new idea for the prevention and treat-ment of sepsis from the sedation approach.

Objective:To assess the cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cement RelyXTM U200 on human periodontal ligament fibro-blasts(HPDLFs)under different light treatment modes.Methods:The self-adhesive resin cement RelyXTM U200 was cured by immediate light(A),intermittent light(B),delayed light(C)and no light(D)treatment respectively.The HPDLFs were cultured with the specimen extracts under different light modes.The proliferation ability and apoptosis level of the cells in the groups were detected by CCK-8 test and flow cytometry apoptosis test.SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of specimens to HPDLFs.Results:At 24 h after light treatment the cytoxicity(grade)of group A,B,C and D was 1,2,3 and 4,at 72 h 1,2,2 and 3,respectively.At 72 h,the apoptosis index(％)of the cells in A,B,C and D groups was 6.38％±0.94％,16.34％±1.67％,24.13％±1.43％and 38.34％±2.75％respecitvely.Conclusion:The cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cement is the greatest under no light treatment mode and the least under immediate light treatment mode.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between macrophage activation related factors and clini-cal symptoms of schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods:Outpatient or inpatient SCZ patients(n=166)and normal con-trols(n=71)meeting the diagnostic criteria of DSM 4th edition were selected as subjects.The psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and the concentrations of α-Na-Galases,MAF and IL-18 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween biological indicators and clinical symptoms was analyzed and the mediation effect was tested.Results:The concentrations of α-NaGalases(P＜0.001)and MAF(P＜0.01)in SCZ group were lower than those in normal control group.In SCZ group,IL-18 was negatively correlated with α-NaGalases concentration(r=-0.24,P＜0.01).α-NaGalases was positively correlated with MAF concentration(r=0.67,P＜0.001),and the total score of PANSS positive symptom scale was positively correlated with IL-18(r=0.21,P＜0.05)and MAF concentration(r=0.22,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of α-NaGalases and MAF was statistically significant,and the relative mediating effect accounted for 25.47％.Conclusion:The increase of IL-18 level may indicate the occurrence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia,and α-NaGalases and MAF may negatively regulate the inflammatory damage effect of IL-18 on SCZ,thereby reducing the positive symptoms.

Objective:To assess the cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cement RelyXTM U200 on human periodontal ligament fibro-blasts(HPDLFs)under different light treatment modes.Methods:The self-adhesive resin cement RelyXTM U200 was cured by immediate light(A),intermittent light(B),delayed light(C)and no light(D)treatment respectively.The HPDLFs were cultured with the specimen extracts under different light modes.The proliferation ability and apoptosis level of the cells in the groups were detected by CCK-8 test and flow cytometry apoptosis test.SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of specimens to HPDLFs.Results:At 24 h after light treatment the cytoxicity(grade)of group A,B,C and D was 1,2,3 and 4,at 72 h 1,2,2 and 3,respectively.At 72 h,the apoptosis index(％)of the cells in A,B,C and D groups was 6.38％±0.94％,16.34％±1.67％,24.13％±1.43％and 38.34％±2.75％respecitvely.Conclusion:The cytotoxicity of self-adhesive resin cement is the greatest under no light treatment mode and the least under immediate light treatment mode.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between macrophage activation related factors and clini-cal symptoms of schizophrenia(SCZ).Methods:Outpatient or inpatient SCZ patients(n=166)and normal con-trols(n=71)meeting the diagnostic criteria of DSM 4th edition were selected as subjects.The psychopathological symptoms were assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS),and the concentrations of α-Na-Galases,MAF and IL-18 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The correlation be-tween biological indicators and clinical symptoms was analyzed and the mediation effect was tested.Results:The concentrations of α-NaGalases(P＜0.001)and MAF(P＜0.01)in SCZ group were lower than those in normal control group.In SCZ group,IL-18 was negatively correlated with α-NaGalases concentration(r=-0.24,P＜0.01).α-NaGalases was positively correlated with MAF concentration(r=0.67,P＜0.001),and the total score of PANSS positive symptom scale was positively correlated with IL-18(r=0.21,P＜0.05)and MAF concentration(r=0.22,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of α-NaGalases and MAF was statistically significant,and the relative mediating effect accounted for 25.47％.Conclusion:The increase of IL-18 level may indicate the occurrence of positive symptoms of schizophrenia,and α-NaGalases and MAF may negatively regulate the inflammatory damage effect of IL-18 on SCZ,thereby reducing the positive symptoms.

The sepsis and sepsis-induce lung inju-ry threats seriously human health.Dexmedetomi-dine(DEX),a sedative drug,plays an active role in preventing sepsis-induced lung injury during the ba-sic and clinical practice.The current article reviews the role and mechanism of DEX dexmedetomidine alleviating sepsis-induced lung injury from the as-pects of inflammation,oxidative stress,apoptosis,mitochondrial dynamics,autophagy,vascular per-meability,neuro-regulation,targeting miR-128-3p/MAPK14 and DNA methylation,etc.This review looks forward to deepen the understanding the ap-plication of DEX in the field of critical care medi-cine,expand the pharmacological effect of DEX and provide a new idea for the prevention and treat-ment of sepsis from the sedation approach.