With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

This study aims to explore the pharmacodynamic material basis of Jinbei Oral Liquid(JBOL) against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) based on serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) technology was employed to analyze and identify the components absorbed into rat blood after oral administration of JBOL. Combined with network pharmacology, the study explored the pharmacodynamic material basis and potential mechanism of JBOL against IPF through protein-protein interaction(PPI) network construction, "component-target-pathway" analysis, Gene Ontology(GO) functional enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. First, a total of 114 compounds were rapidly identified in JBOL extract according to the exact relative molecular mass, fragment ions, and other information of the compounds with the use of reference substances and a self-built compound database. Second, on this basis, 70 prototype components in blood were recognized by comparing blank serum with drug-containing serum samples, including 28 flavonoids, 25 organic acids, 4 saponins, 4 alkaloids, and 9 others. Finally, using these components absorbed into blood as candidates, the study obtained 212 potential targets of JBOL against IPF. The anti-IPF mechanism might involve the action of active ingredients such as glycyrrhetinic acid, cryptotanshinone, salvianolic acid B, and forsythoside A on core targets like AKT1, TNF, and ALB and thereby the regulation of multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, HIF-1, and TNF. In conclusion, JBOL exerts the anti-IPF effect through multiple components, targets, and pathways. The results would provide a reference for further study on pharmacodynamic material basis and pharmacological mechanism of JBOL.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics* ; Animals ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Network Pharmacology ; Rats ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Male ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/metabolism* ; Humans ; Administration, Oral ; Protein Interaction Maps/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*

Objective:To explore and analyze the correlation between the expression of mismatch repair(MMR)protein and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissue and clinical pathological characteristics.Methods:The study period were from July 2021 to December 2024,200 cases of colorectal cancer patients treated in our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Collected all patient lesion tissue samples(lesion group)and adjacent tissue samples(located ≥5 cm from the tumor edge,adjacent group),and used the immunohistochemistry(IHC)method to detect the expression of Mismatch repair(MMR)(MLH1,MSH2,MSH6,and PMS2)protein and PD-L1 protein.Investigated the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients and conducted correlation analysis.Results:The positive rates of dMMR and pMMR protein expression in the lesion group were 39.00％and 70.00％,respectively,while those in the adjacent cancer group were 11.00％and 89.00％,respectively.There were significant difference compared between the lesion group and the adjacent cancer group(P＜0.05).The positive rate of PD-L1 protein expression in the lesion group were 25.00％,while that in the adjacent cancer group were 80.00％.The expression of PD-L1 protein in the lesion group were significantly lower than that in the adjacent cancer group(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the positive rates of MMR and PD-L1 protein expression among patients with different histological differentiation,clinical stages,and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in the positive rates of MMR and PD-L1 protein expression among patients of different genders,ages,and disease sites(P＞0.05).Spearman analysis showed there were correlation between the expression of MMR and PD-L1 proteins in colorectal cancer tissues and clinical pathological features such as histological differentiation,clinical staging,and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Low expression of MMR and PD-L1 proteins are commonly observed in colorectal cancer tissues.The expression of MMR and PD-L1 proteins in colorectal cancer tissues are correlated with clinical pathological features such as histological differentiation,clinical staging,and lymph node metastasis.

OBJECTIVE: Huachansu injection (HCSI), a promising anti-cancer Chinese medicine injection, has been reported to have the potential for reducing the toxicity of chemotherapy and improving the quality of life for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The objective of this study is to explore the synergistic and detoxifying effects of HCSI when used in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11). METHODS: To investigate the effect of HCSI on anti-CRC efficacy and intestinal toxicity of CPT-11, we measured changes in the biological behavior of LoVo cells in vitro, and anti-tumor effects in LoVo cell xenograft nude mice models in vivo. Meanwhile, the effect of HCSI on intestinal toxicity and the uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) expression was investigated in the CPT-11-induced colitis mouse model. Subsequently, we measured the effect of HCSI and its 13 constituent bufadienolides on the expression of UGT1A1 and organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B3 (OATP1B3) in HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The combination index (CI) results showed that the combination of HCSI and CPT-11 exhibited a synergistic effect (CI < 1), which significantly suppressing the LoVo cell migration, enhancing G2/M and S phase arrest, and inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, the damage to intestinal tissues was attenuated by HCSI in CPT-11-induced colitis model, while the increased expression of UGT1A1 in HepG2 cells and in mouse was observed. CONCLUSION The co-therapy with HCSI alleviated the intestinal toxicity induced by CPT-11 and exerted an enhanced anti-CRC effect. The detoxifying mechanism may be related to the increased expression of UGT1A1 and OATP1B3 by HCSI and its bufadienolides components. The findings of this study may serve as a theoretical insights and strategies to improve CRC patient outcomes. Please cite this article as: Jiang B, Meng ZY, Hu YJ, Chen JJ, Zong L, Xu LY, Zhang XQ, Zhang JX, Han YL. Huachansu injection enhances anti-colorectal cancer efficacy of irinotecan and alleviates its induced intestinal toxicity through upregulating UGT1A1-OATP1B3 expression in vitro and in vivo. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(5):576-590.
Irinotecan/therapeutic use* ; Animals ; Glucuronosyltransferase/genetics* ; Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Mice, Nude ; Mice ; Up-Regulation/drug effects* ; Male ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Hep G2 Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Intestines/drug effects* ; Amphibian Venoms

Recent data suggest that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor (VEGFRi) can enhance the anti-tumor activity of the anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) antibody in colorectal cancer (CRC) with microsatellite stability (MSS). However, the comparison between this combination and standard third-line VEGFRi treatment is not performed, and reliable biomarkers are still lacking. We retrospectively enrolled MSS CRC patients receiving anti-PD-1 antibody plus VEGFRi (combination group, n=54) or VEGFRi alone (VEGFRi group, n=32), and their efficacy and safety were evaluated. We additionally examined the immune characteristics of the MSS CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) through single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data, and an MSS CRC immune cell-related signature (MCICRS) that can be used to predict the clinical outcomes of MSS CRC patients receiving immunotherapy was developed and validated in our in-house cohort. Compared with VEGFRi alone, the combination of anti-PD-1 antibody and VEGFRi exhibited a prolonged survival benefit (median progression-free survival: 4.4 vs. 2.0 months, P=0.0024; median overall survival: 10.2 vs. 5.2 months, P=0.0038) and a similar adverse event incidence. Through single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis, we determined ten MSS CRC-enriched immune cell types and their spatial distribution, including naive CD4⁺ T, regulatory CD4⁺ T, CD4⁺ Th17, exhausted CD8⁺ T, cytotoxic CD8⁺ T, proliferated CD8⁺ T, natural killer (NK) cells, plasma, and classical and intermediate monocytes. Based on a systemic meta-analysis and ten machine learning algorithms, we obtained MCICRS, an independent risk factor for the prognosis of MSS CRC patients. Further analyses demonstrated that the low-MCICRS group presented a higher immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathway activation, and hence a significant relation with the superior efficacy of pan-cancer immunotherapy. More importantly, the predictive value of MCICRS in MSS CRC patients receiving immunotherapy was also validated with an in-house cohort. Anti-PD-1 antibody combined with VEGFRi presented an improved clinical benefit in MSS CRC with manageable toxicity. MCICRS could serve as a robust and promising tool to predict clinical outcomes for individual MSS CRC patients receiving immunotherapy.
Humans ; Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Male ; Female ; Immunotherapy ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Microsatellite Instability ; Transcriptome ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology* ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Adult ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors*

Diaphragmatic dysfunction(DD)can be caused by various factors,including anesthesia,surgery,and patient-related conditions.It may lead to adverse events such as prolonged postoperative extubation,weaning failure,postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs),which can eventually result in patients being transferred to the intensive care unit(ICU),having an extended hospital stay and an increased mortality rate.Thus,it is crucial that the function of the diaphragm be timely and accurately assessed,and its status be reasonably protected for the favorable outcomes of patients after anesthesia and surgery.Recently,point-of-care diaphragmatic ultrasound has been applied in the clinic.However,currently,the assessment of DD is mainly concentrated in the ICU,and its application during the perioperative period is relatively restricted.In the review,the mechanisms of postoperative DD after anesthesia and the application progress of ultrasonography evaluation are summarized.The static and dynamic functions of the diaphragm are monitored via various ultrasound examination methods,and the postoperative changes and recovery of diaphragm function in each patient are observed in real time.In this way,the occurrence of PPCs can be predicted,a reasonable anesthesia and surgery plan can be guided to be developed,the protection and even prerehabilitation of the target organ"diaphragm"can be promoted,DD can be ultimately prevented and treated in a timely manner,and postoperative recovery can be improved.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

This paper summarizes the progress of theoretical research and practice of One Health in China,and discusses the paradigm of One Health governance to improve the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China and the world,and provide an example for the improvement of the public health system.In particular,China has long history to apply the concept of One Health in the national schistosomiasis control programmes and patriotic health campaigns,which were not only focusing on human health,but also emphasizing the sustainable development of animal health and ecological environment.At the same time,the application of tools such as system dynamics model,eDNA technology,One Health economic assessment and global One Health index(GOHI)in the field of disease control and environmental health provides technical support for the concept of One Health.Despite the challenges of practical application of these tools,the One Health concept will play a greater role in providing sustainable solutions for human-animal-environmental health by strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration,improving standardization protocols and promoting inter-national cooperation.

Objective:To explore and analyze the correlation between the expression of mismatch repair(MMR)protein and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissue and clinical pathological characteristics.Methods:The study period were from July 2021 to December 2024,200 cases of colorectal cancer patients treated in our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Collected all patient lesion tissue samples(lesion group)and adjacent tissue samples(located ≥5 cm from the tumor edge,adjacent group),and used the immunohistochemistry(IHC)method to detect the expression of Mismatch repair(MMR)(MLH1,MSH2,MSH6,and PMS2)protein and PD-L1 protein.Investigated the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients and conducted correlation analysis.Results:The positive rates of dMMR and pMMR protein expression in the lesion group were 39.00％and 70.00％,respectively,while those in the adjacent cancer group were 11.00％and 89.00％,respectively.There were significant difference compared between the lesion group and the adjacent cancer group(P＜0.05).The positive rate of PD-L1 protein expression in the lesion group were 25.00％,while that in the adjacent cancer group were 80.00％.The expression of PD-L1 protein in the lesion group were significantly lower than that in the adjacent cancer group(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the positive rates of MMR and PD-L1 protein expression among patients with different histological differentiation,clinical stages,and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05),while there were no significant differences in the positive rates of MMR and PD-L1 protein expression among patients of different genders,ages,and disease sites(P＞0.05).Spearman analysis showed there were correlation between the expression of MMR and PD-L1 proteins in colorectal cancer tissues and clinical pathological features such as histological differentiation,clinical staging,and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Low expression of MMR and PD-L1 proteins are commonly observed in colorectal cancer tissues.The expression of MMR and PD-L1 proteins in colorectal cancer tissues are correlated with clinical pathological features such as histological differentiation,clinical staging,and lymph node metastasis.

This paper summarizes the progress of theoretical research and practice of One Health in China,and discusses the paradigm of One Health governance to improve the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China and the world,and provide an example for the improvement of the public health system.In particular,China has long history to apply the concept of One Health in the national schistosomiasis control programmes and patriotic health campaigns,which were not only focusing on human health,but also emphasizing the sustainable development of animal health and ecological environment.At the same time,the application of tools such as system dynamics model,eDNA technology,One Health economic assessment and global One Health index(GOHI)in the field of disease control and environmental health provides technical support for the concept of One Health.Despite the challenges of practical application of these tools,the One Health concept will play a greater role in providing sustainable solutions for human-animal-environmental health by strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration,improving standardization protocols and promoting inter-national cooperation.