ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula（YHJF） on immune cell exhaustion in the spleen of septic mice and to explore and validate its potential intervention targets. MethodsMice were randomly divided into the sham-operated， model， low-dose YHJF（4.1 g·kg^-1）， and high-dose YHJF（8.2 g·kg^-1） groups. Except for the sham-operated group， a cecal ligation and puncture（CLP） procedure was performed to establish a mouse sepsis model. The treatment groups received oral administration of the corresponding doses， while the sham-operated and model groups received an equal volume of physiological saline. After the intervention， the 7-day survival rate of each group was recorded， and spleen samples were collected 72 h post-intervention， and the spleen index was calculated. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate（dUTP） nick end labeling（TUNEL） staining was used to detect apoptosis in spleen cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was performed to measure the levels of interleukin（IL）-4 and IL-10 in the serum. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to screen for differentially expressed genes（DEGs） and differential metabolites in the spleen， followed by bioinformatics analysis to identify key targets. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， flow cytometry， and multiplex immunofluorescence were used to verify the expressions of key genes and proteins. ResultsThe high-dose YHJF group significantly improved the 7-day survival rate of septic mice（P0.05）. Compared with the sham-operated group， the model group showed a significant increase in apoptosis of spleen cells and a decrease in the spleen index at 72 h post-modeling， with markedly elevated peripheral serum IL-4 and IL-10 levels（P0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose YHJF group showed a reduction in apoptosis of spleen cells， an increase in the spleen index， and a significant decrease in peripheral serum IL-4 and IL-10 levels（P0.05）. Spleen transcriptomics identified 255 DEGs between groups， potentially serving as intervention targets for YHJF. Gene Ontology（GO） enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly involved in biological processes such as natural killer（NK） cell-mediated positive immune regulation， cell killing， cytokine production， positive regulation of innate immune cells， and interferon production. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions， viral protein interactions with cytokines and cytokine receptors， chemokine signaling pathway， and nuclear transcription factor-κB（NF-κB） signaling pathway. Protein-protein interaction（PPI） network analysis identified CD160， granzyme B（GZMB）， and chemokine ligand 4（CCL4） as key targets for YHJF in treating sepsis. Metabolomics identified 46 differential metabolites that were significantly reversed by YHJF intervention， and combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis identified 17 differential metabolites closely related to CD160. Pathway enrichment revealed that these metabolites were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism， arachidonic acid metabolism， glycosylphosphatidylinositol（GPI） anchor biosynthesis， linoleic acid metabolism， and α-linolenic acid metabolism pathways. Verification results showed that， compared with the sham-operated group， the model group exhibited significantly elevated CD160 mRNA expression level in the spleen， along with markedly decreased CCL4 and GZMB mRNA expression， and had a significant increase in CD160 expression on the surface of natural killer T（NKT） cells in the spleen（P0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose YHJF group had a significant decrease in CD160 mRNA expression in the spleen， a significant increase in CCL4 and GZMB mRNA expressions. Further flow cytometry and immunofluorescence revealed that compared with the sham-operated group， CD160 expression on the surface of splenic NKT cells in the model group was significantly increased（P0.01）， while high-dose YHJF intervention significantly reduced CD160 expression（P0.01）. ConclusionYHJF may alleviate NKT cell exhaustion in sepsis by downregulating the expression of the negative co-stimulatory molecule CD160， and this regulatory effect is closely related to fatty acid metabolism pathways. This study provides new insights and targets for further exploration of strengthening vital Qi and detoxifying strategy to improve immune cell exhaustion in acute deficiency syndrome of sepsis.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula（YHJF） on immune cell exhaustion in the spleen of septic mice and to explore and validate its potential intervention targets. MethodsMice were randomly divided into the sham-operated， model， low-dose YHJF（4.1 g·kg^-1）， and high-dose YHJF（8.2 g·kg^-1） groups. Except for the sham-operated group， a cecal ligation and puncture（CLP） procedure was performed to establish a mouse sepsis model. The treatment groups received oral administration of the corresponding doses， while the sham-operated and model groups received an equal volume of physiological saline. After the intervention， the 7-day survival rate of each group was recorded， and spleen samples were collected 72 h post-intervention， and the spleen index was calculated. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate（dUTP） nick end labeling（TUNEL） staining was used to detect apoptosis in spleen cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was performed to measure the levels of interleukin（IL）-4 and IL-10 in the serum. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to screen for differentially expressed genes（DEGs） and differential metabolites in the spleen， followed by bioinformatics analysis to identify key targets. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， flow cytometry， and multiplex immunofluorescence were used to verify the expressions of key genes and proteins. ResultsThe high-dose YHJF group significantly improved the 7-day survival rate of septic mice（P0.05）. Compared with the sham-operated group， the model group showed a significant increase in apoptosis of spleen cells and a decrease in the spleen index at 72 h post-modeling， with markedly elevated peripheral serum IL-4 and IL-10 levels（P0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose YHJF group showed a reduction in apoptosis of spleen cells， an increase in the spleen index， and a significant decrease in peripheral serum IL-4 and IL-10 levels（P0.05）. Spleen transcriptomics identified 255 DEGs between groups， potentially serving as intervention targets for YHJF. Gene Ontology（GO） enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly involved in biological processes such as natural killer（NK） cell-mediated positive immune regulation， cell killing， cytokine production， positive regulation of innate immune cells， and interferon production. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions， viral protein interactions with cytokines and cytokine receptors， chemokine signaling pathway， and nuclear transcription factor-κB（NF-κB） signaling pathway. Protein-protein interaction（PPI） network analysis identified CD160， granzyme B（GZMB）， and chemokine ligand 4（CCL4） as key targets for YHJF in treating sepsis. Metabolomics identified 46 differential metabolites that were significantly reversed by YHJF intervention， and combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis identified 17 differential metabolites closely related to CD160. Pathway enrichment revealed that these metabolites were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism， arachidonic acid metabolism， glycosylphosphatidylinositol（GPI） anchor biosynthesis， linoleic acid metabolism， and α-linolenic acid metabolism pathways. Verification results showed that， compared with the sham-operated group， the model group exhibited significantly elevated CD160 mRNA expression level in the spleen， along with markedly decreased CCL4 and GZMB mRNA expression， and had a significant increase in CD160 expression on the surface of natural killer T（NKT） cells in the spleen（P0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose YHJF group had a significant decrease in CD160 mRNA expression in the spleen， a significant increase in CCL4 and GZMB mRNA expressions. Further flow cytometry and immunofluorescence revealed that compared with the sham-operated group， CD160 expression on the surface of splenic NKT cells in the model group was significantly increased（P0.01）， while high-dose YHJF intervention significantly reduced CD160 expression（P0.01）. ConclusionYHJF may alleviate NKT cell exhaustion in sepsis by downregulating the expression of the negative co-stimulatory molecule CD160， and this regulatory effect is closely related to fatty acid metabolism pathways. This study provides new insights and targets for further exploration of strengthening vital Qi and detoxifying strategy to improve immune cell exhaustion in acute deficiency syndrome of sepsis.

Objective To understand the status of body image disturbance and its influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AS. Methods A total of 353 AS patients admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Chinese version of Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was used to investigate the body image disturbance in AS patients. Single factor analysis was performed by t test and analysis of variance, and multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results The total score of BIDQ in 342 AS patients was (25.01±4.22). Multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that self-paid medical expense, nighttime VAS score and negative emotion PANAS score could positively predict body image disturbance in AS patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.413, 0.413, 0.460, P<0.05), and PSSS score, positive emotion PANAS score and exercise management CDSSM score could negatively predict body image disturbance (standardized regression coefficient=-0.245, -0.134, -0.247, P<0.05). Conclusion The body image disturbance in AS patients is worthy of clinical attention. Nighttime pain, negative emotion and self-paid medical treatment can increase the risk of body image disturbance. Positive emotion, social support and high self-management level of exercise behavior can reduce the formation of body image disturbance, which can provide new ideas for clinical management of AS patients.

Background: High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is a chromatin-binding protein involved in arthritis, ischemia, sepsis, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative disorders, meningitis, and cancer. HMGB1 exhibits dual roles in cancer, acting as either a tumor suppressor or oncoprotein depending on context. Objective: This research aimed to elucidate HMGB1’s functional significance in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Methods: We overexpressed HMGB1 in cSCC cell lines using recombinant adenovirus and examined its effects on cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration. Results: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed elevated HMGB1 expression levels in cSCC tissue relative to normal epidermis. To assess the influence of HMGB1, we employed recombinant adenoviruses expressing HMGB1 to transduce SCC cell lines (SCC12 and SCC13). Enhanced HMGB1 expression significantly promoted cellular proliferation and colony formation capacity.Notably, HMGB1 overexpression elevated the levels of proliferation regulators, including P63, SOX2, CDK4 and CDK6. Furthermore, HMGB1 overexpression substantially enhanced tumor invasiveness, accompanied by upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers. Mechanistically, overexpression of HMGB1 enhanced transforming growth factor-β signaling by increasing phosphorylation of SMAD2/3, the key mediators of EMT. Conclusion These data imply that HMGB1 acts as a tumor-promoting factor in cSCC.

To address the growing challenge of an increasing number of elderly lung cancer patients amidst China's aging population and to fill the gap in quality control standards for surgical treatment in this special population, this study aimed to develop a standardized surgical evaluation system for elderly lung cancer patients tailored to China's national conditions. The system was established through a literature review, integrated the pathophysiological characteristics of elderly patients, and was constructed following review, feedback, and revision by experts from multiple thoracic surgery centers. Employing a 100-point scoring system, it comprises three primary domains: physical infrastructure and geriatric adaptability foundational conditions (10 points); management level and perioperative care models (20 points); and technical proficiency and clinical outcomes (70 points). The system places a strong emphasis on geriatric adaptability, proposing specific, quantifiable indicators for age-friendly facility modifications, control of elderly-specific complications, multidisciplinary collaboration, and standardized perioperative management. It provides a convenient and measurable assessment tool for quality control in the surgical treatment of elderly lung cancer in China, which is expected to promote the standardization and homogenization of diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract To clarify the service targets, service contents, and safeguard mechanisms of the basic public service program for student vision health management, the study grounded in the current status of child and adolescent myopia prevention and control in China and integrated with the practical experience and innovative practices of Wuhan National Demonstration Area for Student Vision Health Management, takes education as the main thread and schools as the base, consolidating resources from multiple stakeholders including education administrative departments, schools, families, and professional technical service institutions. Centering on four core components—vision health education, monitoring and record keeping, risk prevention and control, and dynamic management, the study constructs a multi tiered basic public service system for vision health management of primary and secondary school students. It further proposes the use of an intelligent management platform and a "three tier color coded early warning" mechanism (red, yellow, blue) to prevent and control student myopia at the source, providing schools with replicable and operable implementation pathways to enhance the level of student vision health management.

Objective We reviewed and analyzed the epidemiological data of 83 imported dengue fever cases reported in Fengtai District, Beijing, from 2007 to 2025, to delineate their epidemiological characteristics and guide the dengue fever prevention and control strategy in the future. Methods Data on dengue fever cases in Fengtai District from 2007 to 2025 were collected to identify the epidemic factors and characteristics using descriptive epidemiological method. Results All 83 dengue fever cases reported in this region over the past two decades have been imported from abroad or other domestic areas, with Southeast Asian countries being identified as the primary source of imported infections, accounting for 42 cases (50.60%), followed by 15 cases (18.07%) from Chinese provinces other than Beijing. The remaining import sources included 13 cases from South Asia,8 from African countries, and each from Oceania, South America, and Europe. Disease onset was found concentrated between May and November. The sex ratio (male-to-female) is 1.59:1. The age of onset ranged from 14 to 61 years old, with a median age of 36. The largest proportion of cases was observed among cadres and office workers (31 cases, 37.35%), followed by businessmen (13 cases, 15.67%), and householders or the unemployed (10 cases,12.05%). Travel visit was identified as the primary reason for their exposure history. Conclusions All dengue fever cases reported in Fengtai from 2007 to 2025 were imported, with an increasing trend of imported cases in Beijing originating from other Chinese provinces. It is essential to strengthen health education for foreign travelers and returning residents, enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment training for medical personnel, eliminate mosquito breeding sites, and reduce mosquito density through active patriotic health campaigns.

BACKGROUND: T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-LBL/ALL) is an aggressive form of hematological malignancy associated with poor prognosis in adult patients. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are aberrantly expressed in T-LBL/ALL and are considered potential therapeutic targets. Here, we investigated the antitumor effect of a novel HDAC inhibitor, chidamide, on T-LBL/ALL. METHODS: HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 levels in T-LBL/ALL cell lines and patient samples were compared with those in normal controls. Flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, and lactate dehydrogenase release assays were conducted in Jurkat and MOLT-4 cells to assess apoptosis and pyroptosis. A specific forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) inhibitor was used to rescue pyroptosis and upregulated gasdermin E (GSDME) expression caused by chidamide treatment. The role of the FOXO1 transcription factor was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The efficacy of chidamide in vivo was evaluated in a xenograft mouse. RESULTS: The expression of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 was significantly upregulated in T-LBL/ALL. Cell viability was obviously inhibited after chidamide treatment. Pyroptosis, characterized by cell swelling, pore formation on the plasma membrane and lactate dehydrogenase leakage, was identified as a new mechanism of chidamide treatment. Chidamide triggered pyroptosis through caspase 3 activation and GSDME transcriptional upregulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that chidamide led to the increased transcription of GSDME through a more relaxed chromatin structure at the promoter and the upregulation of FOXO1 expression. Moreover, we identified the therapeutic effect of chidamide in vivo . CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that chidamide exerts an antitumor effect on T-LBL/ALL and promotes a more inflammatory form of cell death via the FOXO1/GSDME axis, which provides a novel choice of targeted therapy for patients with T-LBL/ALL.
Humans ; Pyroptosis/drug effects* ; Forkhead Box Protein O1/genetics* ; Aminopyridines/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Mice ; Benzamides/pharmacology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; Phosphate-Binding Proteins/metabolism* ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology* ; Jurkat Cells ; Histone Deacetylases/metabolism* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Gasdermins

INTRODUCTION: Lecanemab has shown promise in treating early Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its safety and efficacy in Chinese populations remain unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and 6-month clinical outcomes of lecanemab in Chinese patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD. METHODS: In this single-arm, real-world study, participants with MCI due to AD or mild AD received biweekly intravenous lecanemab (10 mg/kg). The study was conducted at Hainan Branch, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Patient enrollment and baseline assessments commenced in November 2023. Safety assessments included monitoring for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) and other adverse events. Clinical and biomarker changes from baseline to 6 months were evaluated using cognitive scales (mini-mental state examination [MMSE], montreal cognitive assessment [MoCA], clinical dementia rating-sum of boxes [CDR-SB]), plasma biomarker analysis, and advanced neuroimaging. RESULTS: A total of 64 patients were enrolled in this ongoing real-world study. Safety analysis revealed predominantly mild adverse events, with infusion-related reactions (20.3%, 13/64) being the most common. Of these, 69.2% (9/13) occurred during the initial infusion and 84.6% (11/13) did not recur. ARIA-H (microhemorrhages/superficial siderosis) and ARIA-E (edema/effusion) were observed in 9.4% (6/64) and 3.1% (2/64) of participants, respectively, with only two symptomatic cases (one ARIA-E presenting with headache and one ARIA-H with visual disturbances). After 6 months of treatment, cognitive scores remained stable compared to baseline (MMSE: 22.33 ± 5.58 vs . 21.27 ± 4.30, P = 0.733; MoCA: 16.38 ± 6.67 vs . 15.90 ± 4.78, P = 0.785; CDR-SB: 2.30 ± 1.65 vs . 3.16 ± 1.72, P = 0.357), while significantly increasing plasma amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42) (+21.42%) and Aβ40 (+23.53%) levels compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Lecanemab demonstrated a favorable safety profile in Chinese patients with early AD. Cognitive stability and biomarker changes over 6 months suggest potential efficacy, though high dropout rates and absence of a control group warrant cautious interpretation. These findings provide preliminary real-world evidence for lecanemab's use in China, supporting further investigation in larger controlled studies. REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT07034222.
Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy* ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Cognitive Dysfunction/drug therapy* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism* ; Biomarkers ; East Asian People