Child ; Humans ; Hemangioma/surgery* ; Wrist Joint

Objective: To evaluate the household secondary attack rates of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and the associated factors. Methods: A COVID-19 outbreak caused by the Delta variant occurred in Nanjing in July 2021. A total of 235 cases with current addresses in Nanjing were reported from 171 households. The subjects in this study were selected from household close contact(s) of infected cases. The information on household index cases and their contacts were collected, and the household secondary attack rate (HSAR) and the risk factors were analyzed by the multi-factor logistic regression model. Results: A total of 234 cases of household close contacts and 64 household secondary cases were reported from 103 households, and the HSAR was 27.4% (64/234, 95%CI:22.0% to 33.4%). The proportions of household size for 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 9 were 64.1% (66), 26.2% (27) and 9.7% (10), respectively. A total of 35 cases of household cluster outbreaks were reported (35/103, 34.0%). The number of the first case in the household (FCH) was 103 and males accounted for 27.2% (28 cases), with the median age (Q₁, Q₃) of 49 (9, 56). The number of household close contacts was 234 and males accounted for 59.0% (138 cases), with the median age (Q₁, Q₃) of 42 (20, 55) and the median exposure period (Q₁, Q₃) of 3 (1, 3) days. The multi-factor logistic regression model showed that the higher HSAR was observed in the FCH with the features of airport staff (OR=2.913, 95%CI:1.469-5.774), detection from home quarantine screening (OR=6.795, 95%CI:1.761-26.219) and detection from mass screening (OR=4.239, 95%CI:1.098-16.368). Meanwhile, higher HSAR was observed in cases with longer household exposure (OR=1.221, 95%CI:1.040-1.432), non-vaccination (OR=2.963, 95%CI:1.288-6.813) and incomplete vaccinations (OR=2.842, 95%CI:0.925-8.731). Conclusion: The generation interval of the Delta variant is shortened, and the ability of transmission within the household is enhanced. In the outbreak in Nanjing, the associated factors of HSAR are occupation, detection route, vaccination and exposure period.
Male ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; Incidence ; Family Characteristics

Objective:To explore the effects of peer support groups-based dietary intervention on nutritional status among patients with gastrectomy.Methods:Eighty-two patients with gastrectomy from March 2018 to August 2019 in Gastrointestinal Surgery of Shanxi Bethune Hospital were assigned to the experimental group and control group with 41 cases in each group by random digits table method. Patients in the control group were recieved routine nursing care and dietary guidance, basis on the control group, the experimental group provided peer support groups-based dietary intervention as well. BMI, total serum protein, albumin were recorded at 1 day before discharge, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after discharge, the intervention effect was assessed by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA), diet related symptoms scale and diet compliance scale.Results:At 4, 12 weeks after discharge, diet related symptoms scale scores were (10.61 ± 2.37), (8.61 ± 1.64) points in the experimental group, significantly lower than (12.05 ± 1.49), (11.46 ± 2.44) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.20, 6.05, both P<0.05). At 4, 12 weeks after discharge, diet compliance scale scores were (63.87 ± 4.60), (64.92 ± 6.394) points in the experimental group, significantly higher than (60.90 ± 4.94), (62.18 ± 5.07) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.73, 2.09, both P<0.05). At 4, 12 weeks after discharge, PG-SGA scores were (4.11 ± 0.86), (3.53 ± 1.13) points in the experimental group, significantly lower than (5.15 ± 1.46), (4.28 ± 1.62) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.85, 2.38, both P<0.05). At 12 weeks after discharge, the levels of total serum protein, albumin were (57.79 ± 3.95), (36.68 ± 3.11) g/L in the experimental group, significantly higher than (55.26 ± 3.66), (34.74 ± 2.41) g/L in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.92, 3.06, both P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BMI in different time between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Peer support groups-based dietary intervention can promote self catering management and nutritional status of patients with gastrectomy.

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that continuously divide and fuse. In recent years, in addition to the studies related to mitochondrial metabolism, the unique dynamics of mitochondria have gradually attracted researchers' attention. A growing body of research has revealed that mitochondrial dynamics are related to the biological behavior of tumor cells. Mitochondrial fission proteins (mitochondrial fission protein 1, FIS1) mediate the assembly of mitochondrial fission complexes and participate in the execution of mitochondrial fission. They are important proteins in the process of mitochondrial fusion and fission. However, few studies have revealed the expression and role of FIS1 in human cervical cancer. In this study, the expression level of FIS1 in human cervical cancer tissues and paracancer tissues were compared. The results showed that the level of FIS1 mRNA in human cervical cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancer tissues (P<0. 01). Further KEGG pathway and GO Term-BP pathway analysis showed that the differential genes are mainly related to mitochondrial biological functions. Subsequently, HeLa cells with overexpressed FIS1 were investigated for their proliferation, migration, mitochondrial fission and ROS levels. The experimental results showed that FIS1 overexpression decreased HeLa cell proliferation and migration ability, enhanced mitochondrial fission and higher ROS levels. In conclusion, the expression of FIS1 in human cervical cancer cells was attenuated, while overexpression of FIS1 resulted in a series of abnormal biological functions in human cervical cancer cells. Further studies can be carried out to investigate the role of FIS1 in the treatment of human cervical cancer.

According to the polarity of different components in Sanpian Decoction, two fingerprints were established. Then the substance benchmark freeze-dried powder of 15 batches of Sanpian Decoction was prepared, followed by the determination of the fingerprints, index component content, and dry extract rates, the identification of attribution of characteristic peaks, and the calculation of similarities between these fingerprints and the reference(R), the content and transfer rate ranges of ferulic acid, sinapine thiocyanate, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid, and the dry extract rate range. The results showed that the similarities of 15 batches of the substance benchmark fingerprints with R were all greater than 0.900.Further summarization of the characteristic peaks revealed that there were a total of 20 characteristic peaks in fingerprint 1, among which, eight were from Sinapis Semen, four from Paeoniae Radix Alba, six from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and two from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. A total of 16 characteristic peaks were observed in fingerprint 2, including one from Sinapis Semen, three from Paeoniae Radix Alba, eight from Chuanxiong Rhizoma, and four from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The average dry extract rate of 15 batches of substance benchmarks was 18.25%, with a dry extract rate range of 16.28%-20.76%. The index component content and transfer rate ranges were listed as follows: 0.15%-0.18% and 38.81%-58.05% for ferulic acid; 0.26%-0.42% and 36.51%-51.02% for sinapine thiocyanate; 0.09%-0.15% and 48.80%-76.61% for liquiritin; 0.13%-0.24% and 23.45%-35.61% for glycyrrhizic acid. The fingerprint, dry extract rate, and index component content determination was combined for analyzing the quality value transfer of substance benchmarks in the classic prescription Sanpian Decoction.The established quality evaluation method for the substance benchmarks was stable and feasible, which has provided a basis for the quality control of Sanpian Decoction and the follow-up development of related preparations.
Benchmarking ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Glycyrrhizic Acid/analysis* ; Paeonia ; Quality Control ; Thiocyanates

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a kind of the most common hematopoietic malignancy, its recurrence and drug resistance are closely related to the bone marrow microenvironment. Bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) is an important part of the bone marrow microenvironment and their interaction with leukemia cells cannot be ignored. BMSC participates in and regulate signaling pathways related to proliferation or apoptosis of ALL cells by secretes cytokines or extracellular matrix proteins, thus affecting the survival of ALL cells. In this review, the research advance of several signaling pathways of the interaction between BMSC and ALL cells was summarized briefly.
Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Stromal Cells ; Tumor Microenvironment

By preparing 15 batches of lyophilized powder samples of substance benchmark in Houpo Wenzhong Decoction,the fingerprint,index component content and extract rate were determined,and the characteristic peaks,the range of similarity with the reference map,the content range and transfer rate range of magnolol,hesperidin,glycyrrhizic acid and pinocembrin,the extract rate range and the change range were clarified. The results showed that the similarity between the fingerprint of substance benchmark and the reference map R generated from the 15 batches of substance benchmark samples was higher than 0. 90. The assignment of the characteristic peaks in the full prescription's fingerprint of the herbs except Poria cocos was clarified. Nineteen characteristic peaks were assigned,and 12 characteristic peaks were assigned by the reference substance,of which 4 were from Magnolia ocinalis Cortex,5 from Exocarpium Citri Rubrum,2 from Radix aucklandiae,3 from Glycyrrhiza Radix et Rhizoma,4 from Semen Alpiniae Katsumadai,and one from Rhizoma Zingiberis and Zingiber officinale Roscoe. The index component content range and transfer rate range were 0. 80%-1. 14% and 20. 25%-39. 61% for hesperidin,0. 49%-0. 79% and 23. 09%-33. 87%for glycyrrhizic acid,0. 03%-0. 07% and 3. 55%-10. 09% for pinocembrin,0. 15%-0. 38% and 8. 08%-24. 35% for magnolol. The extract rate range and the change range were22. 60%-25. 57% and 12. 67%-23. 68% respectively. In this study,we introduced the concepts of index component content,fingerprint,extract rate,explored the transfer relation of quality value transmitting of substance benchmark in Houpo Wenzhong Decoction,and initially established the quality standard of Houpo Wenzhong Decoction,all of which would provide ideas for the development and research of similar prescriptions.
Benchmarking ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Glycyrrhiza ; Quality Control

Background/Aims: Cigarette smoking is an important modifiable risk factor in kidney disease progression. However, the underlying mechanisms for this are lacking. This study aimed to assess whether nicotine (NIC), a major toxic component of cigarette smoking, would exacerbates tacrolimus (TAC)-induced renal injury. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated daily with NIC, TAC, or both drugs for 4 weeks. The influence of NIC on TAC-caused renal injury was examined via renal function, histopathology, oxidative stress, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and programmed cell death (apoptosis and autophagy). Results: Both NIC and TAC significantly impaired renal function and histopathology, while combined NIC and TAC treatment aggravated these parameters beyond the effects of either alone. Increased oxidative stress, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, proinf lammatory and profibrotic cytokine expressions, and programmed cell death from either NIC or TAC were also aggravated by the two combined. Conclusions Our observations suggest that NIC exacerbates chronic TAC nephrotoxicity, implying that smoking cessation may be beneficial for transplant smokers taking TAC.

Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Endothelial Cells ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Gravitation ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Methods ; Pericytes ; Phenotype ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; von Willebrand Factor

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the real world effect of bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and psychological intervention as well as WeChat publicity and follow-up on smoking cessation. METHODS: Totally 283 subjects were divided into two groups according to their own wishes: 84 people chose WeChant and psycholigical intervention, and were defined as control group; 199 people chose bupropion hydrochloride and WeChant and psycholigical intervention, and were defined as treatment group. The one-month smoking cessation rate and weight changes of the two groups in 3 months was compared, and the factors affecting the smoking cessation rate were analyzed. RESULTS: The success rate was 57.8% in treatment group, and the success rate of the control group was 10.7%. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The average weight gain was 2.6 kg in the treatment group, and in the control group it was 3.5 kg, with no statistically significant difference. The presence of depression, intervention pattern, smoking-related disease, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and the need to quit smoking for family members and the readiness to quit were statistically siginificant factors. The faliure rate of smoking cessation in depressed smokers was 7.772 times that of non-derpessed smokers, and it was4.492 times that of people with smoking related deseases. The failure rate of smoking cessation in people smoking more than20 cigarettes a day was 4.090 times that of pepople smoking less than 20. The failure rate in smokers without family requests of quiting smoking was 0.463 times that of those with requests; the failure rate in smokers without readiness was0.274 times that of those with proper readiness. The failure rate in control group was 14.292 times that of the treatment group. CONCLUSION: Bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets + psychological intervention + WeChat platform promotion can significally increase the rate of sucessful smoking cessation. Factors affecting the success rate of smoking cessation are depression, intervention methods, smoking-related deseases, the number of cigarettes smoked, family requirements and smoking cessation preparations.