Aim To explore the impacts of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on the phenotypes, endocy-tosis and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/ Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)/P38 mitogen-ac-tivated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in indoxyl sulfate (IS) -induced dendritic cells (DCs). Methods After treatment with 30, 300 and 600 (xmol · L

Purpose::Internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL) has been used as a damage control procedure to treat hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture for many years. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness and safety of this hemostatic method. Therefore, we performed a systematic literature review to assess the efficacy and safety of IIAL for pelvic fracture hemostasis.Methods::Three major databases, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, were searched to screen eligible original studies published in English journals. Two reviewers independently read the titles, abstracts, and full texts of all literature. Articles were included if they reported the use and effects of IIAL.Results::A total of 171 articles were initially identified, with 22 fully meeting the inclusion criteria. Among the analyzed cases, up to 66.7% of patients had associated abdominal and pelvic organ injuries, with the urethra being the most frequently injured organ, followed by the bowel. The outcomes of IIAL for achieving hemostasis in pelvic fractures were found to be satisfactory, with an effective rate of 80%. Hemorrhagic shock was the leading cause of death, followed by craniocerebral injury. Notably, no reports of ischemic complications involving the pelvic organs due to IIAL were found.Conclusion::IIAL has a good effect in treating hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture without the risk of pelvic organ ischemia. This procedure should be considered a priority for hemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture patients with abdominal organ injuries.

Heart failure(HF)is the end stage of almost all cardiovascular diseases,including coronary heart disease and structural heart disease.For end-stage HF,medications and cardiac assist devices have limited therapeutic effects,and heart transplantation is associated with donor shortage and immune rejection.Alginate hydrogel has the ability to mechanically support and induce cardiac tissue regeneration and repair.In March 2021,we conducted the world's first transcatheter endocardial alginate-hydrogel implantation in patients with end-stage heart failure,and explored the safety and feasibility of the treatment.Given that patients with heart failure who had undergone cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator(CRT-D)were excluded from previous studies,this paper is the first to report a case of transcatheter endocardial alginate-hydrogel implantation in a patient with heart failure who did not respond to CRT-D,with a significant reduction in the number of visits to the doctor and a significant improvement in the quality of life during the post-procedure follow-up,which may expand the indications for the use of this technology.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation(TAVR).Methods This was a single-center,retrospective study enrolling a total of 30 patients with reduced LVEF undergoing TAVR from January 2020 to January 2024.Of these,12 patients underwent TAVR with ECMO.Baseline clinical characteristics,preprocedural echocardiographic and computed tomographic(CT)measurements,TAVR procedural details,and follow-up data at 60-day and 6-month were collected.Results Among the 30 patients,there were 20 males with an average age of(67.0±10.4)years,an average STS score of(8.2±1.8)points,and an average LVEF of(21.2±5.3)％.This study included 11 AR patients,all of whom were in the group without ECMO implantation,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.027).During the operation,there were 0 cases of circulatory collapse in the ECMO group,and 5 cases(5/18)of circulatory collapse in the non ECMO group.All 5 patients underwent emergency ECMO placement.There were statistically significant differences(P＜0.05)in the comparison of two groups with circulatory collapse and salvage ECMO implantation.The technical success rate of 30 patients was 76.7％(23/30),and the instrument success rate was 60.0％(18/30).Among them,the technical success rate and instrument success rate of the ECMO group were higher than those of the non ECMO group,but the differences were not statistically significant(both P＞0.05).During a 30 day follow-up,there were 0 all-cause deaths in the ECMO group and 9 all-cause deaths(9/18)in the non ECMO group.Among them,7 cases(7/18)died from cardiovascular causes.The differences in all-cause and cardiovascular cause deaths between the two groups were statistically significant(both P＜0.05).During a 6-month follow-up,one patient with ECMO died due to extensive cerebral infarction.The all-cause mortality rate during the 6-month follow-up was 1/12(8.3％),while the all-cause mortality rate without ECMO was 9/18(5.0％).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.024).The incidence of stroke with ECMO was 1/12(8.3％),while without ECMO it was 0.There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P=0.978).Conclusions In patients with reduced LVEF undergoing TAVR,periprocedural ECMO support does seem to improve patient outcome.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of low-dose recombinant interleukin-2(rIL-2)therapy on immunocyte subsets and its side effects in children with solid tumor.Methods:A total of 22 children(11 males and 11 females)with solid tumor in our department from December 2012 to November 2017 were selected,with a median age of 9(3-16)years old when starting IL-2 therapy.ALL surgeries and chemotherapy of children had been completed before low-dose rIL-2 therapy,and 17 cases achieved complete remission(CR)and 5 cases achieved partial remission(PR).A low-dose rIL-2 therapy was given 1 month after chemotherapy for 1 year:4 × 105 IU/(m2·d),s.c.for every other day,3 times per week.The immunocyte subsets were detected every 3 months until the end of treatment,meanwhile,disease condition and therapy-related side effects were followed up.Results:After low-dose rIL-2 therapy in 22 children,the absolute values of CD3+T cells,CD3-CD56+natural killer cells,CD3+CD4+helper T cells(Th)and CD3+CD8+cytotoxic T cells were up-regulated remarkably,as well as Th/suppressor T cells(all P＜0.05).While,there were no significant differences in absolute value and proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127-Treg cells during therapy.Among the 17 children who achieved CR before rIL-2 therapy,14 cases continued to maintain CR after therapy,while 3 cases relapsed,and with 2 died after treatment abandonment.The 5 children who achieved PR before low-dose rIL-2 therapy were evaluated CR by PET/CT scan after treatment.In the early stage of low-dose rIL-2 therapy,1 child developed skin rashes at the injection sites,and 2 children ran a slight to mild transient fever.Their symptoms disappeared without any organ damage after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion:Low-dose rIL-2 therapy has good drug tolerance,and changes the distribution of anti-tumor immune-cell subgroup in peripheral blood of children with solid tumor remarkably without up-regulation of absolute value and ratio of Treg cells.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

The deubiquitinases (DUBs), as the crucial peptidohydrolases in the ubiquitin system, can reverse and strictly regulate ubiquitination and play key roles in various biological processes, including the regulation of protein stability, cell signal transduction. Ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28) involves multiple cancer-related signaling pathways by enhancing the stability of various cancer-related proteins, and is closely associated with the progression of colorectal, breast cancer, lung carcinomas, and pancreatic cancer. USP28 has been considered as a promising drug target in anticancer therapy, and the development of USP28 inhibitors has made some progress. In this article, we review the structure of USP28 and its interaction with substrates, discuss the research progress of USP28 in cancers and summarize the development of USP28 inhibitors.

OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and extracorporeal shock wave in treating chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy. METHODS: From February 2019 to August 2021, 42 patients with chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy were selected and divided into PRP group(20 patients, 28 feet) and shock wave group (22 patients, 29 feet). In PRP group, there were 12 males and 8 females, aged 47.00(28.00, 50.75) years old, and the courses of disease ranged 7.00(6.00, 7.00) months;PRP injection was performed in the Achilles tendon stop area of the affected side. In shock wave group, there were 16 males and 6 females, aged 42.00(35.75, 47.25) years old;and the courses of disease was 7.00(6.00, 8.00) months;shock wave was performed in Achilles tendon stop area of the affected side and triceps surae area. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) were applied to evaluate clnical effect before treatment, 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment, and satisfaction of patients was investigated. RESULTS: VAS and VISA-A score in both groups were significantly improved at 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment than before treatment (P<0.05), VAS and VISA-A score in PRP group at 6 months after treatment were significantly higher than those at 1 and 3 months after treatment, and VAS and VISA-A score in shock wave group were lower than those at 1 and 3 months after treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS and VISA-A score between two groups before treatment, 1 and 3 months after treatment(P>0.05), while VAS and VISA-A score in PRP group were better than those in shock wave group at 6 months after treatment(P<0.05), and the satisfaction survey in PRP group was better than that in shock wave group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION PRP injection has a good clinical effect on chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy with high patient satisfaction, and medium-and long-term effect of PRP injection for the treatment of chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy is better than that of extracorporeal divergent shock wave.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Achilles Tendon ; Tendinopathy/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Exercise Therapy ; Platelet-Rich Plasma

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effect of three types of Kirschner wire tension band for olecranon fracture. METHODS: The clinical data of 64 patients with olecranon fracture treated by Kirschner wire tension band fixation from March 2016 to May 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 19 patients were treated with intramedullary K-wires fixation(group A) including 8 males and 11 females with an average of (48.2±18.3) years old, 3 patients were typeⅠ, and 16 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification;20 patients were treated with transcortical K-wires fixation (group B) including 13 males and 7 females with an average of (43.5±20.4) years old, 3 patients were typeⅠand 17 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification;25 patients were treated with perforated Kirschner wire(group C) including 15 males and 10 females with an average of (55.2±17.5) years old, 4 patients were typeⅠand 21 patients were typeⅡ according to Mayo classification. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, times of Intraoperative fluoroscopy, fracture healing time and complications of 3 groups were compared. At the final follow-up, elbow function was assessed using the Mayo Elbow Function Scale. RESULTS: There were differences in operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, postoperative VAS and soft tissue irritation among the three groups(P<0.05). The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times in group A and C was better than that in group B. The postoperative VAS score, skin irritability in group C was better than that of group B. The difference was statistically significant on Mayo elbow function score at the final follow-up among three groups(P<0.05), the scores of group A and C were higher than that of group B. CONCLUSION Compared with transcortical K-wires screw fixation, both intramedullary K-wires screw fixation and perforated Kirschner wire fixation, which can significantly reduce the occurrence of soft tissue irritation, reduce surgical complications and shorten the operation time.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Young Adult ; Bone Wires ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Ulna Fractures/surgery* ; Olecranon Process/surgery* ; Inflammation ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To derive the Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome classification and subgroup syndrome characteristics of ischemic stroke patients. METHODS: By extracting the CM clinical electronic medical records (EMRs) of 7,170 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke from 2016 to 2018 at Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Province, China, a patient similarity network (PSN) was constructed based on the symptomatic phenotype of the patients. Thereafter the efficient community detection method BGLL was used to identify subgroups of patients. Finally, subgroups with a large number of cases were selected to analyze the specific manifestations of clinical symptoms and CM syndromes in each subgroup. RESULTS: Seven main subgroups of patients with specific symptom characteristics were identified, including M3, M2, M1, M5, M0, M29 and M4. M3 and M0 subgroups had prominent posterior circulatory symptoms, while M3 was associated with autonomic disorders, and M4 manifested as anxiety; M2 and M4 had motor and motor coordination disorders; M1 had sensory disorders; M5 had more obvious lung infections; M29 had a disorder of consciousness. The specificity of CM syndromes of each subgroup was as follows. M3, M2, M1, M0, M29 and M4 all had the same syndrome as wind phlegm pattern; M3 and M0 both showed hyperactivity of Gan (Liver) yang pattern; M2 and M29 had similar syndromes, which corresponded to intertwined phlegm and blood stasis pattern and phlegm-stasis obstructing meridians pattern, respectively. The manifestations of CM syndromes often appeared in a combination of 2 or more syndrome elements. The most common combination of these 7 subgroups was wind-phlegm. The 7 subgroups of CM syndrome elements were specifically manifested as pathogenic wind, pathogenic phlegm, and deficiency pathogens. CONCLUSIONS There were 7 main symptom similarity-based subgroups in ischemic stroke patients, and their specific characteristics were obvious. The main syndromes were wind phlegm pattern and hyperactivity of Gan yang pattern.
Humans ; Syndrome ; Ischemic Stroke ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Liver ; Phenotype