AIM: To explore the influence factors of the mid-long-term postoperative eye position of patients with intermittent exotropia(IXT).

METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 78 patients with intermittent exotropia admitted to the ophthalmology department of our hospital during 2017-01/2018-08. Data of patients with strabismus type,operation age, preoperative binocular vision function and the eye position of preoperative and postoperative day one were collected, to explore the influence factors of the mid-long-term postoperative eye position.

RESULTS: The result display that 47 cases(60%)had positive eye position in the mid-long-term after operation. There were 43 cases of insufficient collection type, 18 cases(42%)cured in eye position. The operation was successful in 26 of the 31 cases(84%)of basic type; 3 of 4(75%)divergence excess type were successful after operation. The results of univariate analysis showed that the difference of strabismus type and preoperative eye position between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that type of strabismus(OR: 5.769, 95% CI: 1.790-18.595), was independent influencing factors of the eyes position in the mid-long-term after operation(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:The strabismus type was independent predictors of the eyes position in the mid-long-term after operation, which should be paid more attention in clinical practice.

Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a key factor in cardiac development, growth, disease, epicardial integrity, blood vessel formation and has cardio-protective properties. However, its role in murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) proliferation and cardiovascular differentiation remains unclear. Thus we aimed to elucidate the influence of Tβ4 on mESCs. Target genes during mESCs proliferation and differentiation were detected by real-time PCR or Western blotting, and patch clamp was applied to characterize the mESCs-derived cardiomyocytes. It was found that Tβ4 decreased mESCs proliferation in a partial dose-dependent manner and the expression of cell cycle regulatory genes c-myc, c-fos and c-jun. However, mESCs self-renewal markers Oct4 and Nanog were elevated, indicating the maintenance of self-renewal ability in these mESCs. Phosphorylation of STAT3 and Akt was inhibited by Tβ4 while the expression of RAS and phosphorylation of ERK were enhanced. No significant difference was found in BMP2/BMP4 or their downstream protein smad. Wnt3 and Wnt11 were remarkably decreased by Tβ4 with upregulation of Tcf3 and constant β-catenin. Under mESCs differentiation, Tβ4 treatment did not change the expression of cardiovascular cell markers α-MHC, PECAM, and α-SMA. Neither the electrophysiological properties of mESCs-derived cardiomyocytes nor the hormonal regulation by Iso/Cch was affected by Tβ4. In conclusion, Tβ4 suppressed mESCs proliferation by affecting the activity of STAT3, Akt, ERK and Wnt pathways. However, Tβ4 did not influence the in vitro cardiovascular differentiation.
Animals ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nanog Homeobox Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Primary Cell Culture ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; genetics ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Thymosin ; pharmacology