AIM:To investigate the current status and influencing factors of knowledge-attitude-practice in myopia prevention and control among children and adolescents in Ningbo City, thereby providing a scientific basis for formulating targeted prevention strategies.METHODS: Children and adolescents aged 6-12 years old were selected from the medical-school collaborative myopia prevention network in Ningbo City between August 2024 and May 2025 using stratified cluster sampling. Information on myopia prevention knowledge(15 items)and practice(9 items)was collected through questionnaire surveys. Logistic regression models were used to analyze factors influencing myopia occurrence in children and adolescents.RESULTS: A total of 664 children and adolescents aged 6-12 years were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided by age into three groups: 6-7 years old(n=221), 8-9 years old(n=221), and 10-12 years old(n=222). Of the 664 questionnaires distributed, 637 valid questionnaires were returned(201 from the 6-7 age group, 235 from the 8-9 age group, and 201 from the 10-12 age group), yielding an effective response rate of 95.9%. Based on myopia screening results, the non-myopic group comprised 203 participants(31.9%), including 100 males and 103 females, with a mean age of 8.82±1.98 years old. The myopic group comprised 434 participants(68.1%), including 213 males and 221 females, with a mean age of 9.10±1.95 years old. The myopia prevalence rates in the 6-7, 8-9, and 10-12 age groups were 37.8%(76/201), 71.9%(169/235), and 94.0%(189/201), respectively(P<0.001). Regarding the knowledge and practice of myopia prevention, the overall awareness rate in the non-myopic group(59.7%±9.7%)was significantly higher than that in the myopic group(48.7%±8.5%; P<0.001). Additionally, the non-myopic group scored higher on the key practice of “regular eye examinations”(4.27±0.96)compared to the myopic group(4.10±1.05; P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that age was the primary risk factor for myopia occurrence.CONCLUSION: Age is the dominant factor in the onset of myopia, and there is a phenomenon of “knowledge-practice gap”; the traditional health education model has limitations, and a precise prevention and control system based on developmental patterns should be established.

To compare the performance differences between the multidisciplinary team (MDT) model and the conventional diagnostic and treatment model for lung cancer, and to explore a high-quality development pathway for optimizing lung cancer diagnostic and treatment resources.

AIM:To analyze differential proteins associated with the pathogenesis of dry eye(DE)using bioinformatics methods, in order to reveal their potential molecular mechanisms.METHODS: Articles published in PubMed and EMBASE databases from the inception of the database to August 31, 2023, that used proteomic methods to detect protein expression in clinical samples of dry eye were searched. Differential proteins were selected and further analyzed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software for hub gene screening and module analysis. Protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis, gene ontology(GO)functional annotation, and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed.RESULTS: A total of 21 articles were included, identifying 74 differentially expressed proteins. The most frequently occurring differential proteins were calgranulin A(SA1008), lipocalin-1(LCN1), lysozyme C(LYZ), mammaglobin-B(SCGB2A1), proline-rich protein 4(PRR4), transferrin(TF), and calgranulinB(S100A9). The top 10 hub genes were serum albumin(ALB), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), interleukin 6(IL6), IL1B, IL8, matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), alpha-1-antitrypsin(SERPINA1), IL10, complement component 3(C3), and lactotransferrin(LTF). Module analysis suggested MMP9 and PRR4 as seed genes. KEGG analysis showed that differential proteins were mainly enriched in the IL17 signaling pathway(61.9%).CONCLUSION: The results reveal potential molecular targets and pathways for DE and confirm the association between the pathogenesis of DE and inflammation. Further in-depth research is needed to confirm the significance of these biomarkers in clinical practice.

Senile trichiasis is primarily manifested by eyelid laxity, decreased horizontal elasticity and tension of the eyelids, leading to friction between the eyelashes and the cornea, which subsequently causes corneal damage and vision decline. Surgical intervention remains the most effective therapeutic approach for senile trichiasis. This article elaborates on the epidemiological characteristics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of senile trichiasis and systematically reviews the surgical treatment method for upper and lower eyelid trichiasis, including traditional surgical techniques and emerging minimally invasive procedures combined with personalized therapies. Through a literature review, the effectiveness and recurrence rates of surgical treatment are summarized, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessment and individualized treatment. Additionally, strategies and recommendations for preventing senile trichiasis are proposed.

Objective:To observe effect of immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide on"extrapulmonary transmission"of mouse model of influenza virus pneumonia.Methods:BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group,virus group,cyclophospha-mide group,virus+cyclophosphamide group.Cyclophosphamide group and virus+cyclophosphamide group were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide once,24 h afterwards,virus group and virus+cyclophosphamide group were administered nasal influ-enza virus to establish influenza virus infection model,and 3,5,7 days after nasal instillation,lung index,heart index,liver index,spleen index and kidney index were measured by conventional methods;pathological changes of lung tissue,heart tissue,liver tissue,spleen tissue and kidney tissue were observed by HE staining;ELISA was used to detect levels of serum inflammatory cytokines IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α;RT-qPCR was used to detect influenza virus load and expressions of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α in each tissue.Results:Compared with normal group and virus group,lung index and heart index of mice in virus+cyclophosphamide group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);spleen index was significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);lung tissue,heart tissue,liver tissue and spleen tissue showed different degrees of pathological damage;serum inflammatory factor IL-6 level was increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01);lung tissue,heart tissue,liver tissue,spleen tissue and mRNA levels of IAV NP in kidney tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);mRNA levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in lung and heart tissues were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:Immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide can cause damage to extrapul-monary tissues and organs in a mouse model of influenza virus pneumonia,among which heart damage is the most serious.Cyclophos-phamide is beneficial to establish model of"extrapulmonary transmission"of influenza virus pneumonia.

Senile trichiasis is primarily manifested by eyelid laxity, decreased horizontal elasticity and tension of the eyelids, leading to friction between the eyelashes and the cornea, which subsequently causes corneal damage and vision decline. Surgical intervention remains the most effective therapeutic approach for senile trichiasis. This article elaborates on the epidemiological characteristics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of senile trichiasis and systematically reviews the surgical treatment method for upper and lower eyelid trichiasis, including traditional surgical techniques and emerging minimally invasive procedures combined with personalized therapies. Through a literature review, the effectiveness and recurrence rates of surgical treatment are summarized, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessment and individualized treatment. Additionally, strategies and recommendations for preventing senile trichiasis are proposed.

Objective To observe the value of nomogram of ultrasound combined with laboratory indexes for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis(ALNM)of stage cT1N0 breast invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC).Methods A total of 77 cases with pathologically diagnosed stage cT1N0 single breast IDC were retrospectively collected,including 23 cases with and 54 cases without ALNM.Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze clinical data,laboratory indicators and ultrasonic manifestations,then the independent predictors of ALNM of stage cT1N0 breast IDC were screened to establish laboratory indexes model,ultrasound model and combined model,respectively,and nomogram of the combined model was drawn.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive efficacy of each model.The consistency of results of combined model and actual results was analyzed using calibration curve.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to explore the clinical value of each model.Results Serum carbohydrate antigen 153(CA153)(OR=1.132),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)(OR=1.020)and echo attenuation behind the lesion on ultrasound(OR=8.789)were all independent predictors of ALNM in stage cT1N0 breast IDC(all P＜0.05),and the area under the curve(AUC)of laboratory indexes model,ultrasound model and combined model for predicting ALNM of stage cT1N0 breast IDC was 0.757,0.616 and 0.836,respectively.The consistency of the predicted results of combined model and actual results was good.When the threshold was higher than 0.15,the net benefit of combined model was higher than that of the other 2 models.Conclusion Nomogram of ultrasound combined with laboratory indexes could effectively predict ALNM of stage cT1N0 breast IDC.

[Objective]The incidence and disease burden of elderly-onset Crohn's disease(EOCD)have been increasing annually,yet prior research remains limited.This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of EOCD patients and compared them with those of non-elderly-onset Crohn's disease(non-EOCD)patients,aiming to provide evidence for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of EOCD.[Methods]A single-center retrospective case-control study was conducted among enrolled patients with Crohn's disease(CD)diagnosed at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between July 2011 and July 2020.Propensity score matching(1∶3)was applied to eliminate confounding effects between groups.Multidimensional comparisons were performed to reveal differences in disease phenotype,comorbidity spectrum,treatment response,prognosis,and healthcare resource utilization between the elderly-onset(EO)group(≥60 years,n=17)and the non-elderly-onset(non-EO)group(18-59 years,n=51).[Results]At initial diagnosis,the EO group predominantly presented with L3(70.6%),B1(58.8%),and mild activity(76.5%),without upper gastrointestinal involvement.Compared with the non-EO group,the EO group had a significantly longer diagnostic delay(21.9 vs.14.8 months,P=0.019),a lower rate of perianal lesions(11.8%vs.54.9%,P=0.002),but a higher prevalence of comorbidities such as hypertension(23.5%vs.0%),chronic kidney disease(11.8%vs.2.0%),and malignancy history(17.6%vs.0%).During an average follow-up of 72.0±33.7 months,the EO group reported higher rates of abdominal pain(35.3%vs.17.6%,P＜0.05),bloating(11.8%vs.3.9%,P＜0.05),weight loss(11.8%vs.3.9%,P＜0.05),longer intervals between dose adjustments(33.56±33.91 vs.21.41±30.12 months,P＜0.05),and more annual hospitalizations(1.12 vs.0.22,P＜0.05).[Conclusions]EOCD patients primarily exhibit mild disease activity and have fewer risk factors for poor prognostic such as upper gastrointestinal involvement and perianal lesions,resulting in a relatively stable disease phenotype.However,EOCD is associated with significant diagnostic delays,more comorbidities,suboptimal symptom control,and a higher potential of healthcare resource utilization.These findings underscore the need to enhance clinicians'awareness of EOCD and implement a comprehensive management model with multidisciplinary collaboration.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of DING's Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)plus Western medication in treating rotator cuff injury(RCI)and its impact on pain,shoulder function,and shoulder muscle strength in the patients.Methods:Sixty-two RCI patients were divided into an observation group and a control group using a simple randomization method,each consisting of 31 cases.Both groups of patients were prescribed oral celecoxib capsules.In addition,DING's Tuina treatment was offered to the observation group.After 6 weeks of treatment,the two groups were observed for changes in the Constant-Murley score(CMS)for shoulder joint function,the short-form McGill pain questionnaire(SF-MPQ)score,and peak torque(PT)and peak torque to body mass ratio(PT/BM)at angular velocities 120 °/s and 90 °/s as well as the peak torque ratio(PTR)of agonist muscles to antagonist muscles[including adductors to abductors(ADD/ABD)and flexors to extensors(F/E)].Results:After treatment,both groups presented decreased SF-MPQ scores and increased CMS,and the intra-group differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the observation group had a lower SF-MPQ score and a higher CMS than the control group,showing statistical significance(P<0.05).After the intervention,the ADD/ABD decreased in the control group at the angular velocity 120 °/s in abduction,and the intra-group change was statistically significant(P<0.05);in the observation group,the PT and PT/BM increased compared to the baseline at angular velocities 120 °/s and 90 °/s in abduction,adduction,forward flexion,and backward extension,showing statistical significance(P<0.05).After treatment,the PT and PT/BM at angular velocities 120 °/s and 90 °/s and ADD/ABD at 120 °/s were higher in the observation group than in the control group,and the between-group differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:DING's Tuina combined with oral celecoxib capsules can reduce pain,improve the joint's motor function,and enhance the strength of shoulder muscle groups in RCI patients,and this treatment has a positive impact on the stability when performing shoulder joint abduction and adduction.

The theory of"eyes as the convergence of various meridians"recorded in the Ling Shu Kouwen chapter is the theoretical basis for acupuncture treatment of eye diseases.This article explained the theoretical connotation of"eyes as the convergence of various meridians"from this perspective:eyes rely on the circulation of the twelve meridians and the nourishment of qi and blood to maintain the divine radiance;the penetrating operation of the twelve meridians enhances the close connection between the eyes,the brain,and various related organs.Based on the above theoretical basis,the basic pathogenesis of amblyopia patients with"lack of dependence on qi and unclear visual perception"was summarized.The treatment principle is"regulating qi and meridians,improving vision",and the application of the regulating qi and improving vision acupoint formula has shown good efficacy.The article also expounded the acupoint selection rules and basis from the perspective of meridian syndrome differentiation,in order to provide reference for the selection and compatibility of acupoints for amblyopia.