Objective: To develop a RHCE genotyping assay based on kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) and assess its clinical accuracy for RhCE blood group determination. Methods: KASP primers were designed to interrogate three RHCE loci: the 109 bp insertion/deletion in intron 2, c. 307T>C, and c. 676C>G. A total of 1 194 RhD-positive inpatients from Chengdu were typed by both KASP genotyping and manual tube serology. Discordant samples (n=10) were retested by both methods and further resolved by Sanger sequencing. An additional 377 cases were tested for the c. 48C>G locus to evaluate the predictive accuracy of individual loci and combined locus testing for RhC antigen. Results: Genotyping concordance with serology was 100.0% for both the c. 676C>G locus (RhE/Rhe) and the c. 307T>C locus (Rhc). For RhC prediction using the 109 bp insertion, overall accuracy was 99.7% (1 191/1 194); the 3 discordant cases were confirmed by Sanger sequencing to be false negatives attributable to 109 bp deletion in intron 2. Testing the c. 48C>G allele for RhC prediction yielded 7 false positives, with an accuracy of 98.1% (370/377). RhC antigen status was determined by combining the 109 bp insertion and the c. 48C allele. After excluding 10 samples with inconsistent results between the two loci, the accuracy reached 100% in the remaining 367 samples. When both loci were applied in combination, accuracy reached 100% in the 367 cases with concordant results. Among the 1 194 patients, CCee (45.8%) and CcEe (31.7%) were the most common RhCE phenotypes. The e antigen had the highest positivity rate (92.2%), and the Ce haplotype was the most frequent (66.9%). Conclusion: The KASP-based RHCE genotyping method achieves high accuracy for clinical RhCE typing. Combining the 109 bp insertion/deletion with the c. 48C allele significantly improves RhC antigen prediction compared with either locus alone. This method was applied to RhCE genotyping of 1 194 RhD-positive inpatients in Chengdu, providing local RhCE phenotype and haplotype distribution data to support RhCE-matched transfusion practice.

Objective:To observe the preventive and treatment effects of warming needle therapy on peripheral neuropathy after albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy.Methods:Eighty patients who received albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy after being diagnosed with cancer were divided into an observation group and a control group using the simple random allocation table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received methylcobalamin dispersible tablets via oral administration,and the observation group received warming needle therapy.They were observed for the incidence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN),Levi's specific sensory neurotoxicity grading,brief pain inventory(BPI)score,nerve conduction velocities of the limbs,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom scores before treatment,at the 21st day of the first cycle of chemotherapy(D1),and the 21st day of the second chemotherapy cycle(D2).The clinical efficacy was assessed at D2.Results:The incidence of CIPN was 92.5%in the control group,higher than 75.0%in the observation group(P<0.05).At D2,the number of people graded 0 on Levi's specific sensory neurotoxicity grading was larger in the observation group than in the control group,and the number of those graded 2 was smaller in the observation group(P<0.05);the observation group had a higher markedly effective rate than the control group(P<0.05).At D2,the BPI general score,BPI pain intensity score,and BPI pain interference score significantly dropped in the observation group compared to those before treatment(P<0.05).At D1,the motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)and sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV)of the limbs decreased in both groups compared to those before treatment;at D2,the MNCV and SNCV increased in the two groups compared to D1 and were higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).At D1,the TCM symptom scores increased in both groups compared to those before treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group in comparing the scores of numbness in the extremities and poor appetite(P<0.05).At D2,the observation group showed decreases in all TCM symptom scores compared to D1 except for the scores of nausea and vomiting and poor appetite(P<0.05),while the control group had no significant changes in the TCM symptom scores compared to D1(P>0.05);the observation group was lower than the control group in comparing each symptom score(P<0.05).There were no significant adverse reactions in either group over the study period.Conclusion:Compared to oral administration of methylcobalamin dispersible tablets,warming needle therapy shows certain strengths in managing CIPN after albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy,and it can better improve chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reactions.

Temporal interference (TI) is a form of stimulation that epitomizes an innovative and non-invasive approach for profound neuromodulation of the brain, a technique that has been validated in mice. Yet, the thin cranial bone structure of mice has a marginal influence on the effect of the TI technique and may not effectively showcase its effectiveness in larger animals. Based on this, we carried out TI stimulation experiments on rats. Following the TI intervention, analysis of electrophysiological data and immunofluorescence staining indicated the generation of a stimulation focus within the nucleus accumbens (depth, 8.5 mm) in rats. Our findings affirm the viability of the TI methodology in the presence of thick cranial bones, furnishing efficacious parameters for profound stimulation with TI administered under such conditions. This experiment not only sheds light on the intervention effects of TI deep in the brain but also furnishes robust evidence in support of its prospective clinical utility.
Animals ; Deep Brain Stimulation/methods* ; Nucleus Accumbens/physiology* ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors

Objective: To analyze the demographic characteristics of patients with red blood cell transfusion reactions, the usage of red blood cell preparations, and the differences in the composition ratio of adverse reactions based on multi-center data from the Haemovigilance Network, in order to reveal the clinical characteristics of red blood cell transfusion and its underlying issues. Methods: Clinical data of patients who experienced transfusion reactions after red blood cell transfusion in the Haemovigilance Network from 2018 to 2023 were collected. The demographic characteristics of patients who experienced transfusion reactions with different types of red blood cell preparations, the utilization of these preparations, and the differences of the composition ratios of transfusion reactions were analyzed. Count data were expressed as numbers (n) or percentages (%), and comparisons between groups were performed using the Chi-square test. Results: Red blood cell transfusion reactions were more common in females (53.56%), with the majority of patients aged 50-69 years (35.54%). The Han polulation accounted for the vast majority of patients (92.77%), and patients in the hematology and obstetrics/gynecology departments had a relatively high proportion of transfusion reactions (13.26% and 14.26%, respectively). Leukocyte-reduced red blood cells and suspended red blood cells were the most common types of transfusion reactions reported among red blood cell preparations. Allergic reactions and non-hemolytic febrile reactions were the most common transfusion reactions, and there were significant differences in the composition ratios of allergic reactions (χ =869.89, P<0.05) and non-hemolytic febrile reactions (χ =812.75, P<0.05) across various types of red blood cell preparations. Conclusion: There are differences in the demographic characteristics and composition ratio of transfusion reactions among different red blood cell preparations. The management of red blood cell transfusion reactions should be tailored to patient characteristics and conditions, and the selection and use of blood products should be optimized to reduce or avoid the occurrence of transfusion reactions, such as considering the use of washed red blood cells for patients with a history of transfusion allergies or those prone to allergies.

Objective:To observe the preventive and treatment effects of warming needle therapy on peripheral neuropathy after albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy.Methods:Eighty patients who received albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy after being diagnosed with cancer were divided into an observation group and a control group using the simple random allocation table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received methylcobalamin dispersible tablets via oral administration,and the observation group received warming needle therapy.They were observed for the incidence of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN),Levi's specific sensory neurotoxicity grading,brief pain inventory(BPI)score,nerve conduction velocities of the limbs,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom scores before treatment,at the 21st day of the first cycle of chemotherapy(D1),and the 21st day of the second chemotherapy cycle(D2).The clinical efficacy was assessed at D2.Results:The incidence of CIPN was 92.5%in the control group,higher than 75.0%in the observation group(P<0.05).At D2,the number of people graded 0 on Levi's specific sensory neurotoxicity grading was larger in the observation group than in the control group,and the number of those graded 2 was smaller in the observation group(P<0.05);the observation group had a higher markedly effective rate than the control group(P<0.05).At D2,the BPI general score,BPI pain intensity score,and BPI pain interference score significantly dropped in the observation group compared to those before treatment(P<0.05).At D1,the motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV)and sensory nerve conduction velocity(SNCV)of the limbs decreased in both groups compared to those before treatment;at D2,the MNCV and SNCV increased in the two groups compared to D1 and were higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).At D1,the TCM symptom scores increased in both groups compared to those before treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group in comparing the scores of numbness in the extremities and poor appetite(P<0.05).At D2,the observation group showed decreases in all TCM symptom scores compared to D1 except for the scores of nausea and vomiting and poor appetite(P<0.05),while the control group had no significant changes in the TCM symptom scores compared to D1(P>0.05);the observation group was lower than the control group in comparing each symptom score(P<0.05).There were no significant adverse reactions in either group over the study period.Conclusion:Compared to oral administration of methylcobalamin dispersible tablets,warming needle therapy shows certain strengths in managing CIPN after albumin-bound paclitaxel plus cisplatin chemotherapy,and it can better improve chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal reactions.

Objective To investigate the effect of anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH)levels on the development potential of oocytes in patients with polycystic ovarian morphology(PCOM)complicated with infertility during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.Methods A total of 480 infertile patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected(160 cases in control group,104 cases in PCOM group and 216 cases in PCOS group),AMH levels were compared among different groups.According to the serum AMH level(4.7ng/ml as normal value,＞4.7ng/ml as high value),both PCOM and PCOS patients were divided into normal AMH group and high AMH group.The differences of oocyte indexes and their correlation between different AMH levels in PCOM and PCOS patients were ana-lyzed.Results The basal androgen level in PCOS group was significantly higher than that in PCOM group(P＜0.01).The comparison of serum AMH value showed that the control group＜PCOM group＜PCOS group(P＜0.001).Laboratory indexes showed that the num-ber of mature oocytes,2PN,fertilization,D3 cleavage and total embryos in the high AMH group were significantly higher than those in the normal AMH group in PCOM and PCOS patients(P＜0.05).The AMH levels was positively correlated with the number of mature oo-cytes,2PN,fertilization,D3 cleavage and total embryos(P＜0.05).In the PCOS group,the number of dominant follicles,oocytes,high-quality embryos and available embryos in the high AMH group were significantly higher than those in the normal AMH group(P＜0.05),and the AMH levels was positively correlated with the number of dominant follicles,oocytes,high-quality embryos and available embryos(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the above indicators among different AMH levels in PCOM group(P＞0.05).Conclusion The serum AMH level of PCOM patients with infertility is higher than that of the control group,but lower than that of PCOS patients.PCOM patients with high AMH level can obtain better quality oocytes and more embryos,and increase the number of transplantation in patients with repeated transplantation failure,thereby improving the clinical pregnancy rate.

AIM:To elucidate the possible biological mechanism of silica-induced acute lung injury in rats.METHODS:Sixteen Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and acute silicosis model groups,and instilled intratracheally with 1 mL of normal saline and 50 g/L silica suspension,respectively.After 7 d,the rats were sacrificed for collection of lung tissue and serum.The serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by using ELISA.The protein expression levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)and gasdermin D(GSDMD)were measured by immunohistochemistry.Bacterial DNA was ex-tracted from the lung tissue for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize changes in the composition of lung flo-ra.The differences in the structure of bacterial flora between control and model groups were analyzed by bioinformatic analy-ses.RESULTS:Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the protein expression levels of NLRP3 and GSDMD were higher in the lungs of the rats in model group.In addition,serum cytokine profiling showed that IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in model group.The most abundant bacterial genera in the lung flora of the rats in model group were Bifidobacterium,Clostridium sensu stricto 1,and Parasutterella.The NLRP3 and GSDMD levels in the lung tissue and IL-1β and TNF-α levels in serum were positively correlated with the abundance of Parasutterella.CONCLU-SION:The alterations in lung flora structure and increased inflammation levels may be the actual biological mechanisms underlying silica-induced acute lung injury.The modulation of lung flora may provide a basis for the prevention and treat-ment of silica-induced acute lung injury.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

The regulation of spermatogonial proliferation and apoptosis is of great significance for maintaining spermatogenesis. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of the testis was performed to identify genes upregulated in spermatogonia. Using scRNA-seq analysis, we identified the spermatogonia upregulated gene origin recognition complex subunit 6 (Orc6), which is involved in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation; its protein expression in the human and mouse testis was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. To explore the potential function of Orc6 in spermatogonia, the C18-4 cell line was transfected with control or Orc6 siRNA. Subsequently, 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays, flow cytometry, and western blot were used to evaluate its effects on proliferation and apoptosis. It was revealed that ORC6 could promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of C18-4 cells. Bulk RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicated that Orc6 was involved in the activation of wingless/integrated (Wnt)/ β-catenin signaling. Western blot revealed that the expression of β-catenin protein and its phosphorylation (Ser675) were significantly decreased when silencing the expression of ORC6. Our findings indicated that Orc6 was upregulated in spermatogonia, whereby it regulated proliferation and apoptosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Drought is a common limiting factor affecting rice yield and quality. Cerium oxide nanoparticles(nanoceria) have been widely reported to improve crop stress tolerance. However, the effects and mechanisms of nanoceria on rice drought tolerance are still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate whether nanoceria can improve rice drought tolerance by modulating reactive oxygen species(ROS) homeostasis and nitric oxide(NO) levels. Our results showed that compared with no-nanoparticle treatment, nanoceria significantly increased the fresh weight of rice seedlings under drought stress(19%, P < 0. 05). Also, under drought stress, the ROS level of rice leaves treated with nanoceria was significantly lower(82%, P < 0. 05) than leaves treated with buffer. The leaf NO level after nanoceria treatment, however, is significantly higher(46%, P < 0. 05) than that with no-nanoparticle treatment under drought stress. Moreover, compared with control plants, nanoceria maintained better membrane integrity in rice leaf cells under drought stress, showing a 70% decrease(P < 0. 05) in dead leaf cells. This study explores the mechanisms underlying nanoceria’s improved rice drought tolerance by affecting ROS and NO levels, which not only further enriches our knowledge about the interaction between nanoparticles and crops under abiotic stress but also gives more support on the sustainable development of nano-enabled agriculture.