Objective:To explore the correlation between smoking behavior of employees in heavy industry enterprises and risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods:A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A questionnaire survey and physical examination data collection were conducted on employees of a heavy industry enterprise in Shaanxi Province using a cluster sampling method from March to April 2024. A total of 2 209 cases met the inclusion criteria. According to the smoking index (SI), participants were divided into a non-smoking group (SI=0, 1 316 cases), a low smoking group (SI400, 656 cases), and a high smoking group (SI≥400, 237 cases). According to the fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) score, participants were divided into a non-dependence group (FTND=0, 1 316 cases), a mild dependence group (FTND=1-3, 623 cases), a moderate dependence group (FTND=4-6, 204 cases), and a severe dependence group (FTND≥7, 66 cases). Spearman rank correlation, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to compare differences in blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, homocysteine, and body mass index among the groups.Results:As the SI and FTND scores increased, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and homocysteine all showed an increasing trend, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a decreasing trend (all P0.05). The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, serum uric acid, and homocysteine in the high smoking group were higher than those in the non-smoking group [(124.93±16.55) vs (122.32±16.62) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (80.86±11.10) vs (76.18±11.63) mmHg, 5.58 vs 5.29 mmol/L, (3.13±0.65) vs (2.95±0.56) mmol/L, 1.70 vs 1.09 mmol/L, (336.80±69.94) vs (299.00±86.43) μmol/L, 14.20 vs 11.76 μmol/L, all P0.001], the high-smoking group had lower HDL cholesterol than the non-smoking group [(1.34±0.30) vs (1.39±0.27) mmol/L, P0.001], the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, serum uric acid, and homocysteine in the severely dependent group were higher than those in the non-dependent group [(132.09±16.69 )vs (122.32±16.62) mmHg, (81.32±12.97) vs (76.18±11.63) mmHg, 5.61 vs 5.29 mmol/L, (4.98±0.91 )vs (4.70±0.88) mmol/L, (3.19±0.62) vs (2.95±0.56) mmol/L, 1.87 vs 1.09 mmol/L, (328.95±75.21) vs (299.03±86.43) μmol/L, 14.38 vs 11.76 μmol/L, all P0.05], and the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the severely dependent group was lower than that in the non-dependent group [(1.32±0.30) vs (1.39±0.27) mmol/L, P0.001]. Multivariate analysis showed that SI and degree of tobacco dependence (DTD), were significantly correlated with fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, but the effect size of SI was too small ( OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.001, P=0.002, OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.001-1.002, P0.001, OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.001, P=0.032). Conclusions:Smoking behavior among employees in heavy industry enterprises is significantly correlated with risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The degree of tobacco dependence is closely related to the risk of abnormal fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides.

Objective To retrieve and evaluate the evidence related to surgical instrument management,and to integrate the evidence to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical surgical instrument management practice.Methods Evidence on surgical instrument management,including guidelines,expert consensuses,and clinical decision-making,was systematically searched from domestic and international databases and related websites.The search timeframe was from database construction to 4 November 2024.Literature was screened and evaluated,and the evidence was integrated by 2 researchers.Results A total of 16 papers were included,including 2 systematic evaluations,1 class experimental study,2 clinical decisions,4 expert consensuses,5 guidelines,and 2 evidence summaries,resulting in a total of 33 pieces of evidence in 5 areas,including requirements for surgical instrument management,general principles of surgical instrument handling,logistics and supply chain management of surgical instruments,surgical instrument pre-treatment and cleaning,disinfection,and sterilisation processes,and personnel training.Conclusion This study summarises the best available evidence on the management of surgical instruments in hospitals and provides an evidence-based basis for healthcare professionals to manage surgical instruments,thereby improving the quality and efficiency of surgical instrument disposal.

Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity among adolescents. Spinal correction surgery is a complex procedure with a long operative duration and extensive tissue damage, frequently resulting in chronic postoperative pain. This type of pain imposes significant physical and psychological burdens on patients, as well as considerable economic strain on families and society. This paper provides an overview of the concept, prevalence, assessment tools, influencing factors, and preventive and therapeutic strategies for chronic postoperative pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The aim is to offer a reference for managing postoperative chronic pain in these patients and to inform further research in this area.

This paper summarizes the perioperative nursing experience of a premature infant with congenital gastroschisis accompanied by malaria and heart disease during a medical aid mission in Africa.Nursing key points include:preoperative observation and protection of the protruding intestines to prevent intestinal injury and infection,timely identification and management of arrhythmias and acute hypoxic episodes;intraoperative close monitoring of vital signs and assisting the surgeon in creating an"artificial abdominal cavity";postoperative intensification of condition monitoring and intra-abdominal pressure surveillance,standardized medication administration and rational blood transfusion to prevent complications related to gastroschisis repair,and to control malaria-related symptoms,while providing nutritional support and reinforcing health education.Through collaborative diagnosis and treatment by a multidisciplinary team along with meticulous nursing care,the infant showed improvement and was discharged after 2 weeks.A follow-up visit 2 months postoperatively revealed normal feeding,good surgical wound healing,no recurrence of acute hypoxic episodes,and a persistent systolic murmur auscultated over the precordium.

This paper summarizes the perioperative nursing experience of a premature infant with congenital gastroschisis accompanied by malaria and heart disease during a medical aid mission in Africa.Nursing key points include:preoperative observation and protection of the protruding intestines to prevent intestinal injury and infection,timely identification and management of arrhythmias and acute hypoxic episodes;intraoperative close monitoring of vital signs and assisting the surgeon in creating an"artificial abdominal cavity";postoperative intensification of condition monitoring and intra-abdominal pressure surveillance,standardized medication administration and rational blood transfusion to prevent complications related to gastroschisis repair,and to control malaria-related symptoms,while providing nutritional support and reinforcing health education.Through collaborative diagnosis and treatment by a multidisciplinary team along with meticulous nursing care,the infant showed improvement and was discharged after 2 weeks.A follow-up visit 2 months postoperatively revealed normal feeding,good surgical wound healing,no recurrence of acute hypoxic episodes,and a persistent systolic murmur auscultated over the precordium.

Objective To retrieve and evaluate the evidence related to surgical instrument management,and to integrate the evidence to provide an evidence-based basis for clinical surgical instrument management practice.Methods Evidence on surgical instrument management,including guidelines,expert consensuses,and clinical decision-making,was systematically searched from domestic and international databases and related websites.The search timeframe was from database construction to 4 November 2024.Literature was screened and evaluated,and the evidence was integrated by 2 researchers.Results A total of 16 papers were included,including 2 systematic evaluations,1 class experimental study,2 clinical decisions,4 expert consensuses,5 guidelines,and 2 evidence summaries,resulting in a total of 33 pieces of evidence in 5 areas,including requirements for surgical instrument management,general principles of surgical instrument handling,logistics and supply chain management of surgical instruments,surgical instrument pre-treatment and cleaning,disinfection,and sterilisation processes,and personnel training.Conclusion This study summarises the best available evidence on the management of surgical instruments in hospitals and provides an evidence-based basis for healthcare professionals to manage surgical instruments,thereby improving the quality and efficiency of surgical instrument disposal.

Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity among adolescents. Spinal correction surgery is a complex procedure with a long operative duration and extensive tissue damage, frequently resulting in chronic postoperative pain. This type of pain imposes significant physical and psychological burdens on patients, as well as considerable economic strain on families and society. This paper provides an overview of the concept, prevalence, assessment tools, influencing factors, and preventive and therapeutic strategies for chronic postoperative pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. The aim is to offer a reference for managing postoperative chronic pain in these patients and to inform further research in this area.

Objective:To explore the correlation between smoking behavior of employees in heavy industry enterprises and risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods:A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A questionnaire survey and physical examination data collection were conducted on employees of a heavy industry enterprise in Shaanxi Province using a cluster sampling method from March to April 2024. A total of 2 209 cases met the inclusion criteria. According to the smoking index (SI), participants were divided into a non-smoking group (SI=0, 1 316 cases), a low smoking group (SI400, 656 cases), and a high smoking group (SI≥400, 237 cases). According to the fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) score, participants were divided into a non-dependence group (FTND=0, 1 316 cases), a mild dependence group (FTND=1-3, 623 cases), a moderate dependence group (FTND=4-6, 204 cases), and a severe dependence group (FTND≥7, 66 cases). Spearman rank correlation, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to compare differences in blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, homocysteine, and body mass index among the groups.Results:As the SI and FTND scores increased, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and homocysteine all showed an increasing trend, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a decreasing trend (all P0.05). The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, serum uric acid, and homocysteine in the high smoking group were higher than those in the non-smoking group [(124.93±16.55) vs (122.32±16.62) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (80.86±11.10) vs (76.18±11.63) mmHg, 5.58 vs 5.29 mmol/L, (3.13±0.65) vs (2.95±0.56) mmol/L, 1.70 vs 1.09 mmol/L, (336.80±69.94) vs (299.00±86.43) μmol/L, 14.20 vs 11.76 μmol/L, all P0.001], the high-smoking group had lower HDL cholesterol than the non-smoking group [(1.34±0.30) vs (1.39±0.27) mmol/L, P0.001], the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, serum uric acid, and homocysteine in the severely dependent group were higher than those in the non-dependent group [(132.09±16.69 )vs (122.32±16.62) mmHg, (81.32±12.97) vs (76.18±11.63) mmHg, 5.61 vs 5.29 mmol/L, (4.98±0.91 )vs (4.70±0.88) mmol/L, (3.19±0.62) vs (2.95±0.56) mmol/L, 1.87 vs 1.09 mmol/L, (328.95±75.21) vs (299.03±86.43) μmol/L, 14.38 vs 11.76 μmol/L, all P0.05], and the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the severely dependent group was lower than that in the non-dependent group [(1.32±0.30) vs (1.39±0.27) mmol/L, P0.001]. Multivariate analysis showed that SI and degree of tobacco dependence (DTD), were significantly correlated with fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, but the effect size of SI was too small ( OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.001, P=0.002, OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.001-1.002, P0.001, OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.001, P=0.032). Conclusions:Smoking behavior among employees in heavy industry enterprises is significantly correlated with risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The degree of tobacco dependence is closely related to the risk of abnormal fasting blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides.

Objective: To analyze the application of digital games for interventions to reduce risky sexual behavior among adolescents, so as to provide a reference for reducing adolescent risky sexual behavior. Methods: The study used PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, China Biomedical Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP to carry out a literature search of the application of digital games for interventions aimed at reducing risky sexual behavior among adolescents covering the time period up until February 2024. Results: A total of 10 English articles were included, involving a total of 3 063 adolescents aged 10-24 years old. The publication time spanned from 2013 to 2023. The development and design of the digital games were mostly based on cognitive behavior theory and authentic decision making situations and dialogues. The game participants were divided into single party and multi party categories, mainly using virtual role playing, interactive narrative, and adventure challenges, and there were some differences in content. Digital game intervention had good feasibility and acceptability, which could improve adolescents sexual health knowledge, attitudes, self efficacy, and risk perception, so as to reduce the occurrence of risky behavior. Conclusion As an intervention aimed at reducing risky sexual behavior in adolescents, digital show has significant advantages and can serve as a new prevention and control strategy.

Objective:To discuss the effect of oridonin on the proliferation,migration,epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),and apoptosis of the human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HONE-1 cells,and to clarify its related antitumor mechanism.Methods:The HONE-1 cells were treated with different concentrations(0,5,10,20,40,80,and 160 mg·L-1)of oridonin for 48 h.CCK-8 method was used to detect the inhibitory rates of proliferation of the cells in various groups and the drug concentration for subsequent experiment was confirmed.The HONE-1 cells were divided into control group,3 mg·L-1 oridonin group,and 6 mg·L-1 oridonin group.After 24 and 48 h of culture,CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation activities of the cells in various groups;5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)method was used to detect the rates of EdU-positive cells in various groups;colony formation assay was used to detect the numbers of clone formation in the cells in various groups;Transwell chamber experiment and cell wound assay were used to detect the numbers of migration cells and the scratch healing rates of the cells in various groups;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the expression levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1)and cyclin-dependent kinase 4(CDK4)mRNA in the cells in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of E-cadherin,Vimentin,Caspase-3,and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1(PARP1)proteins in the cells in various groups.Results:The CCK-8 method results showed that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of oridonin at 48 h was 12.18 mg·L-1,and 1/4 IC50 and 1/2 IC50 values were used as the concentrations for subsequent experiments.Compared with control group,after treated for 24 and 48 h,the proliferation activities of the cells in 3 and 6 mg·L-1 oridonin groups were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the rate of EdU-positive cells were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the numbers of clone formation and migraton cells were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the scratch healing rates were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the expression levels of CDK1 and CDK4 mRNA in the cells were decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the expression levels of E-cadherin,Caspase-3,and PARP1 proteins were increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the expression levels of Vimentin protein were decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Oridonin can inhibit the proliferation,clone formation,and migration of the human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HONE-1 cells by downregulating the expression of cell cycle-related proteins and EMT,and promote the apoptosis to exert an antitumor effect.