Objective:To investigate the effects of Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase(AANAT)and acetylserotonin O-methyltrans-ferase(ASMT)on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)and the related regulatory mechanisms.Methods:PDLSCs were isolated and cultured from freshly extracted healthy teeth,and transfected with si-AANAT,si-ASMT and negative control(si-NC),respectively.The silencing efficiency on AANAT and ASMT genes and the expression level of osteogenic differentiation related genes of PDLSCs were detected by RT-qPCR.Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(mtROS)production was measured by flow cytometry and fluorescent probe MitoSOX.The relative content of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)was detected by RT-qPCR,the content of ATP was detected by ATP kit,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)was measured by JC-1 fluores-cent staining.Results:After transfection of PDLSCs with si-AANAT and si-ASMT,AANAT and ASMT genes in PDLSCs were effec-tively silenced.Suppression of AANAT and ASMT in PDLSCs significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of OCN,RUNX2 and COL-1.After silencing the expression of AANAT and ASMT,the mtROS production of PDLSCs increased,while the mtDNA,intracellular ATP content and MMP levels decreased significantly.Conclusion:AANAT and ASMT affect the osteogenic differentia-tion potential of PDLSCs possibly via regulating the mitochondrial function.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of probiotic-assisted minocycline in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic periodontitis(CP).Methods:95 elderly patients with CP in our hospital from January 2021 to March 2023 were selected and divided into observation group(49 cases)and control group(46 cases)by random number table method.Both groups received oral health education,the control group received standard periodontal treatment,the observation group was given probiotic lozenges,and both groups were treated for 4 weeks.The therapeutic effect and occurrence of adverse reactions in the 2 groups were analyzed,and the periodontal index[loss of attachment(AL),probing depth(PD),bleeding index(BI)],oral flora(concentrations of Lac-tobacillus salivary and porphyromonas gingivalis)and oral health status[oral health assessment tool(OH AT)score]before and after treatment were compared.Results:No cases were excluded in 2 groups.After treatment,the total effective rate of observation group was 95.92％higher than that of control group 80.43％(P＜0.05).After treatment,the values of AL,PD and BI in the 2 groups were lower than before treatment(P＜0.05),and the values of AL,PD and BI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After treatment,the concentration of porphyromonas gingivalis in saliva in 2 groups was lower than that be-fore treatment,and the concentration of lactobacillus in saliva was higher than that before treatment(P＜0.05).The concentration of porphyromonas gingivalis in saliva in observation group was lower than that in control group,and the concentration of lactobacillus in saliva was higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).After treatment,the OH AT score of the 2 groups was lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the OHAT score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Probiotics assisted mino-cycline in the treatment of elderly patients with CP can reduce periodontal index,regulate oral flora and improve oral health without increasing adverse reactions.

Dental impressions contaminated by Candida albicans(C.albicans)and Streptococcus mutan(S.mutans)were used to com-pare the disinfection effects of the 2 disinfection reagents.Digital technology was used to compare the effect on accuracy of the 2 reagents.After rinsing the dental impressions with 100 mg/L slightly acidic hypochlorite water(SSHW)for 2 min,the killing log values for C.albicans and S.mutan were 3.44 and 5.26,and the bactericidal rates(％)99.96 and 100,respectively,and the root mean square(RMS)of deviation before and after disinfection was(21.40±2.88)μm.After immersing the dental impressions with 0.525％sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes,the killing log values for C.albicans and S.mutan were 5.18 and 5.26,the bactericidal rates(％)was 100％for both.The RMS of deviation before and after disinfection was(28.50±4.25)μm.The SAHW rinsing method has good disinfec-tion effect,and has less influence on the accuracy of dental impressions.

Objectives:This study aimed to compare the disease-free survival(DFS)and cervical lymph node metastasis risk in lip squamous cell carinoma(LSCC)patients between microwave thermochemotherapy and traditional surgical resection.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 106 eligible LSCC patients treated between January 2010 and January 2022.Patients were divided into the microwave thermochemotherapy group(n=37)and the surgery-alone group(n=69).Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method,with DFS differences evaluated by Log-Rank test.Cox proportional hazards models and logistic re-gression were employed to screen prognostic factors and assess variables associated with cervical lymph node metastasis,respective-ly.Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0.Results:By September 2024,the objective response rate in the microwave thermochemotherapy group reached 94.59％(35/37).Survival analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in DFS be-tween the two groups(P=0.300).Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that treatment modality was associated with cervical lymph node metastasis risk(P=0.022).The microwave thermochemotherapy group exhibiting a trend toward lower cervical lymph node metastasis rates compared to the surgery group.Conclusion:This study suggests that microwave thermochemotherapy achieves disease control efficacy comparable to surgical resection in early-stage LSCC patients and may reduce the likelihood of regional lymph node metastasis.

Objective:To develop an automatic diagnostic model for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJOA)imaging based on deep learning technology,and to assist clinical diagnosis and improve the efficiency and accuracy of TMJOA diagnosis.Methods:CBCT data of 220 patients were collected,and 2 052 sagittal images were exported.Regions of interest were delineated according to the imaging analysis criteria for temporomandibular joint disorders,and the images were classified into TMJOA-free,TMJOA-uncer-tain and TMJOA.The data were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set according to 8∶2 ratio,and the training set data were used to train a TMJOA detection model based on three lightweight YOLOV5 deep learning frameworks,and the models' performance was evaluated on the validation set.Results:The Yolov5N model demonstrated the best performance,achieving a de-tection accuracy,recall,and precision of 92.5％,90.1％and 85.7％on the validation set,respectively.Conclusion:The auto-matic detection model for TMJOA imaging developed in this study can effectively identify arthritic lesions.Artificial intelligence tools are expected to become a powerful auxiliary tool for the clinical diagnosis of TMJOA.

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase(VLCAD)on prolifera-tion,invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.Methods:The expression levels of VLCAD and glucose trans-porter 1(GLUT1)in human normal oral epithelial cell line(HOEC cells)and human oral squamous cell carcinoma line(SCC25 cells)were determined by Western blot,and the expression levels of VLCAD and GLUT1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and their correlation with pathological stages and prognosis were analyzed in the TCGA database.SCC25 cell lines with VLCAD over-expression and knockdown were constructed and the expression level of VLCAD and GLUT1,cell proliferation,migration,invasion ability,lactate dehydrogenase content and lactate production level were detected respectively.Results:The expression level of VL-CAD in SCC25 cells was significantly lower than that in HOEC cells.The expression level of GLUT1 in SCC25 cells was significantly higher than that in HOEC cells.There was a significant negative correlation between the two expression levels(P＜0.05).VLCAD overexpression significantly inhibited GLUT1 expression and aerobic glycolysis in SCC25 cells,and also inhibited cell proliferation,migration and invasion.VLCAD knockdown effectively reversed the antitumor effects of overexpression mediated by VLCAD(P＜0.05).Conclusion:VLCAD inhibits proliferation,invasion,and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells by down-regulating GLUT1 and inhibiting its mediated aerobic glycolysis.

Objective:To compare the changes of alveolar bone thickness and height in patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion after the treatment with labial straight wire appliance and personalized lingual appliance for the retraction of anterior teeth.Methods:31 cases of labial fixed orthodontic treatment and 31 of personalized lingual orthodontic treatment were included.CBCT images were taken before and after treatment,the thickness and height of the alveolar bone on both sides of the upper anterior teeth were measured and statistically analyzed.Results:After the upper anterior teeth were retracted with labial aligner,the thick-ness of the alveolar bone in the labial root middle 1/2 and apical region of the upper incisors increased,the thickness of the alveolar bone in the cervical region of the labial side of the upper canine increased(P＜0.05),whereas the thickness and height of the alve-olar bone in the palatal side of the upper anterior teeth decreased,and the total thickness of the alveolar bone in the apical region decreased(P＜0.05).After the anterior teeth retracted with lingual aligners,the alveolar bone thickness of the labial cervical of the upper middle incisors and lateral incisors decreased,the alveolar bone thickness of the apical region of the upper middle incisors and upper canine increased,and the thickness and height of the palatal alveolar bone of the upper anterior teeth decreased,with the total thickness of the apical region decreased(P＜0.05).The reduction of alveolar bone thickness of the labial neck and root middle 1/2 of the upper incisors and alveolar bone height of the palatal side of the upper canine in the lingual appliance group was more than that in the laial group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Labial straight wire appliance and personalized lingual appliance are effective in the retraction of the anterior teeth and the alveolar bone remodeling based on bone resorption,labial appliance is more effective.

With the development of new biological Pulp-capping materials and in-depth research on the defense and repair mech-anisms of pulp-dentin complex to external stimuli,the concept and treatment strategy of vital pulp therapy(VPT)have changed ac-cordingly.Not only young permanent teeth with immature apical foramen、mature permanent teeth with accidental/traumatic pulp perforation and perforation not exceeding 0.5 mm,but also carious pulp-exposed mature permanent teeth and perforation larger than 0.5 mm may successfully preserve pulp.iRoot BP plus,as a novel nano-biomaterial,is widely used in VPT due to its excel-lent biological properties and reparative dentin formation.This review introduces the application of iRoot BP plus in VPT in carious pulp-exposed mature permanent teeth,in order to provide reference for clinical application and related basic research.

Castleman disease(CD)is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder with an unclear etiology and pathogenesis.This article reports a case of unicentric Castleman disease(UCD)occurring in the submandibular region.The patient presented with a painless submandibular mass.Imaging studies revealed a well-defined,hypervascular lesion,and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of plasma cell-type CD.Submandibular CD is exceptionally rare and can be easily misdiagnosed as lymphadenitis or lymphoma,necessitating a com-bination of imaging and pathological examinations for differential diagnosis.This case report provides valuable insights into diagnosis and management of CD.

A case of maxillary sinus cyst removal via lateral wall fenestration combined with sinus floor elevation and implant placement was reported.A 52-year-old female presented with bilateral posterior maxillary tooth loss.Preoperative CBCT revealed two dome-shaped pseudocysts at the right maxillary sinus floor,with intact sinus walls.During surgery,lateral wall fenestration was performed,followed by cyst aspiration and removal.The sinus mucosa was repaired using an absorbable collagen barrier membrane(Bio-Gide?),and deprotein-ized bovine bone matrix(Bio-Oss?)was implanted for bone augmentation.Postoperative CBCT at 9 months showed ideal bone height and density at the sinus floor,with no cyst recurrence and successful osseointegration of implants.The results suggest that concurrent cyst re-moval during sinus floor elevation could achieve stable bone augmentation when large cysts compromise the procedure.