This study aimed to evaluate item-level reporting compliance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist among cross-sectional studies published in the Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science (JKBNS) between 2011 and 2024, and to identify both strengths and gaps in reporting practices. Methods: A descriptive methodological review was conducted. Using the official JKBNS online archive, 192 cross-sectional survey studies published between 2011 and 2024 were identified and included in the analysis. Reporting compliance was evaluated using the STROBE checklist, and item-level mapping was performed between STROBE items and the Joanna Briggs Institute and National Institutes of Health (NIH) critical appraisal critical appraisal tools. Results: The mean overall STROBE compliance rate was 74.0%. Reporting of study objectives, outcome data, and interpretation was generally adequate across the included studies. However, substantial deficiencies were observed in the Methods domain. In particular, sample size justification, reporting of bias, handling of missing data, description of sampling strategies, sensitivity analyses, and inclusion of participant flow diagrams were rarely reported. Conclusion: The reporting quality of cross-sectional studies published in JKBNS was moderate, with notable weaknesses in methodological transparency. These deficiencies may limit the interpretability and applicability of research findings in nursing practice and policy contexts. Systematic and explicit application of the STROBE reporting guidelines, supported by guideline-based education and strengthened editorial policies, is essential for improving reporting transparency and methodological rigor in nursing research.

This study evaluated the reporting quality of systematic reviews (SRs) published in the Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science (JKBNS) from 2011 to 2024 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guideline and examined conceptual alignment with A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) and Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS). Methods: A methodological review was conducted using articles retrieved from the JKBNS archive. The literature search was performed between October 7 and October 24, 2025. Two reviewers independently screened all records, and reporting quality was assessed using the 27 PRISMA items and 42 associated sub-items, which were scored as fully reported (1), partially reported (0.5), or not reported (0). Compliance rates were calculated, and PRISMA items were mapped to corresponding AMSTAR-2 and ROBIS domains. Results: Twenty SRs and meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria. The mean score across PRISMA sub-items was 23.58 ± 7.34 (range, 15~38). Ten sub-items—including rationale, objectives, information sources, search strategy, data collection, study selection and exclusion, study characteristics, and key discussion elements—were consistently reported. In contrast, protocol registration, protocol access, and sensitivity analyses were rarely reported, while certainty assessment, certainty of evidence, and protocol amendments were not reported in any study. Overall adherence to the 27 PRISMA items was 64.7 ± 14.9% (range, 44.4~92.6). Conclusion: Conceptual mapping demonstrated strong alignment between PRISMA methodology and results items and the domains of AMSTAR-2 and ROBIS; however, transparency-focused components newly introduced in PRISMA 2020 showed limited correspondence. These findings provide practical guidance for improving reporting transparency in future SRs published in JKBNS.

Purpose: This study examined the associations of self-determination (SDT), premenstrual syndrome (PMS), health-promoting lifestyle (HPL), and satisfaction-related factors with quality of life (QoL) among nursing students. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 206 nursing students engaged in clinical practice, recruited from nine nursing colleges in Jeollabuk-do, Korea. Data were collected between July 1 and August 19, 2024. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed using SPSS version 26.0. SDT, PMS, HPL, satisfaction with economic status, and QoL were assessed using validated self-report questionnaires. Results: Factors significantly associated with QoL included HPL (β = .37, p < .001), SDT (β = .24, p < .001), PMS (β = −.21, p < .001), menstrual quantity (average vs. large) (β = .13, p = .028), satisfaction with nursing major (satisfied vs. dissatisfied) (β = −.11, p = .035), and satisfaction with economic status (satisfied vs. dissatisfied) (β = .16, p = .001). The overall regression model was statistically significant (F = 27.56, p < .001) and explained 61% of the variance in QoL. Conclusion From a biological nursing perspective, physiological factors such as PMS and menstrual quantity, together with HPL and SDT, were significant correlates of QoL among nursing students, alongside satisfaction with academic major and economic status. These findings suggest that nursing education programs should promote HPL and SDT while providing systematic support for PMS management and economic stress reduction to enhance students’ QoL.

This study examined factors influencing geriatric nursing stress among general hospital nurses, with a focus on the nursing practice environment, slow nursing, and living a calling. Methods: This descriptive correlational study surveyed 176 nurses with recent experience in geriatric nursing using an online questionnaire administered in September 2025. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 25.0. Results: Geriatric nursing stress was negatively correlated with living a calling (r = −.19, p = .013) and the nursing practice environment (r = −.29, p < .001), but positively correlated with slow nursing (r = .29, p < .001). Among the subdomains, staffing and resource adequacy within the nursing practice environment (r = −.37, p < .001) and comfort provision within slow nursing (r = .32, p < .001) showed the strongest associations with geriatric nursing stress. In multiple regression analysis, staffing and resource adequacy (β = −.24, p = .011) and comfort provision (β = .23, p = .009) were significant predictors of geriatric nursing stress, collectively explaining 27% of the variance. Conclusion: Improving staffing and resource adequacy within the nursing practice environment may help reduce geriatric nursing stress. Because comfort provision was identified as a positive predictor of stress, organizational strategies are needed to support nurses in delivering comfort-focused care without increasing stress. Reducing geriatric nursing stress is critical for promoting nurse well-being and ensuring organizational sustainability.

Purpose: This study conducted a systematic analysis of the effects of virtual reality (VR)-based simulation education on nursing students’ learning outcomes. Methods: Studies involving undergraduate nursing students who received immersive or non-immersive VR–based simulation education, compared with conventional nursing education, were identified from Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, NDSL, KISS, DBpia, and RISS, from database inception through February 28, 2025. The primary outcomes were nursing skill performance and knowledge, while the secondary outcomes were self-efficacy and confidence in nursing performance. Only randomized controlled trials were included. A total of 21 studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Across 21 randomized controlled trials, the meta-analysis showed that VR-based simulation education had no statistically significant effects on nursing skill performance (n = 759, SMD = 0.18; 95% CI: −0.47 to 0.82) or confidence in nursing performance (n = 1,157, SMD = 0.12; 95% CI: −0.20 to 0.43). In contrast, statistically significant positive effects were observed for knowledge (n = 1,009, SMD = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.57) and self-efficacy (n = 696, SMD = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.81). Conclusion VR-based simulation education represents an effective educational approach for improving nursing students’ knowledge and self-efficacy. Future implementations should align the type and complexity of VR simulations with specific educational goals and content, while accounting for potential variation related to instructional design, learner characteristics, and outcome measures.

Purpose: This systematic review evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on depressive symptoms in adult women by synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched for RCTs published between January 2020 and November 2025. Eligible studies included women aged ≥ 18 years, vitamin D supplementation as the primary intervention, and assessment of depressive symptoms using validated instruments. Two independent reviewers performed study screening, data extraction, and quality assessment using the Cochrane risk of bias 2.0 tool. Results: Four RCTs (n = 18,628 participants) were included. Three trials enrolled women with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes and concomitant vitamin D deficiency, whereas one large trial enrolled adults aged ≥ 50 years without baseline depression. Interventions ranged from 2,000 IU daily to 50,000 IU weekly for 6 months to 5.3 years. Two trials demonstrated significant reductions in depressive symptoms with high-dose supplementation (25,000~50,000 IU weekly) in women with comorbidities and vitamin D deficiency (p < .050). One trial showed overall improvement, but no between-group differences. The large preventive trial (2,000 IU daily, 5.3 years) found no effect on depression incidence (hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.87~1.09). Conclusion High-dose vitamin D supplementation may be associated with reductions in depressive symptoms among women with vitamin D deficiency and metabolic comorbidities, whereas low-dose supplementation appears to confer limited preventive benefit in the general population.

This study aimed to develop a predictive model for the early identification of patients at risk of sepsis, using routinely available clinical information and laboratory test results collected during the initial phase of patient care. Methods: This retrospective analysis included electronic medical records of 22,400 adult patients who presented with suspected infection to a tertiary care university hospital in Korea between January 2013 and May 2024. Patients were classified according to Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (score ≥ 2) or Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (score ≥ 2), in combination with sepsis-related International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision codes. Four different machine learning models were trained and validated using five-fold cross-validation. In addition, Shapley additive explanations analysis was performed to interpret the contribution and clinical relevance of key predictive variables. Results: Among the evaluated models, CatBoost demonstrated the strongest predictive performance. Notably, platelet distribution width, alveolar–arterial oxygen difference, procalcitonin, and the arterial/alveolar oxygen ratio consistently emerged as major predictors. Importantly, several variables that did not reach statistical significance in univariate analysis nevertheless contributed substantially to overall model performance, highlighting the importance of complex, multidimensional interactions among clinical factors. Conclusion: These findings indicate that a model based on simple, routinely collected clinical data can achieve high predictive accuracy and strong generalizability. Such a tool may support early clinical decision-making by multidisciplinary teams, including nurses, across diverse real-world care settings. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate its clinical utility and to assess its potential effects on patient outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess factors associated with compliance and non-compliance among patients with tuberculosis (TB). Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of Abbassia Chest Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. A sample of 80 patients with TB who had been prescribed treatment regimens was recruited. Patients were interviewed using a structured form with fixed response options to identify factors associated with treatment compliance or non-compliance. Results: A significantly higher proportion of non-compliant patients (72.5%) experienced severe symptoms compared with patients in the compliant group (30.0%). Furthermore, most compliant patients (82.5%) demonstrated satisfactory overall knowledge of pulmonary TB, whereas only about half (52.5%) of patients in the non-compliant group did. This difference in knowledge level was statistically significant and was associated with treatment adherence. Among compliant patients, knowledge levels were also significantly influenced by age, sex, education, and employment status, a pattern that was not observed in the non-compliant group. Conclusion Key factors associated with non-compliance included insufficient income to support treatment, lack of home support for treatment regulation, and decreased motivation to improve health. These findings underscore the need for targeted patient education and counselling programs to increase disease awareness and improve treatment adherence among patients with TB.

Purpose: This study examined the association between serum triglyceride levels and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. Methods: The study included 8,371 adults aged 40~69 years without CRC at baseline who were enrolled in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study and followed biennially for 20 years to ascertain incident CRC cases. Participants were classified into four groups according to baseline triglyceride quartiles (Q1 = 32~99 mg/dL, Q2 = 100~134 mg/dL, Q3 = 135~187 mg/dL, and Q4 = 188~498 mg/dL). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate CRC incidence across quartiles. Results: During the follow-up period, 104 participants (1.24%) developed CRC. The overall incidence rate of CRC was 0.78 per 1,000 person-years, with rates of 0.95, 0.48, 0.70, and 1.01 per 1,000 person-years in Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. CRC-free survival did not differ significantly among the quartile groups (log-rank χ² = 7.55, p = .056). However, after adjustment for major confounding factors, participants in both Q1 and Q4 exhibited a significantly higher risk of CRC compared with those in Q2 (Q1: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15~3.95, p = .016; Q4: HR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.02~3.73, p = .043). Conclusion Serum triglyceride levels were associated with CRC risk in this population. Compared with Q2, CRC risk was elevated among those in both Q1 and Q4, indicating a non-linear relationship between triglyceride levels and CRC incidence. These findings highlight the potential value of preventive strategies tailored to serum triglyceride profiles, including identifying risk groups and improving CRC screening adherence.

Purpose: This study examined the associations between fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fructosamine, and depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using nationally representative data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the second year (2020) of the eighth KNHANES. Adults diagnosed with T2DM were included. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Complex-sample analyses were applied to account for the survey design, and hierarchical multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations between glycemic indices reflecting different temporal windows and depression. Results: Depression was not significantly associated with FBG. In contrast, depression prevalence was significantly higher among participants with normal fructosamine levels, whereas it was significantly lower among those with normal HbA1c levels. Younger age and smoking were associated with higher odds of depression, while cohabitation and employment were associated with lower odds. Conclusion Among adults with T2DM, glycemic indices representing different time frames demonstrated distinct associations with depression. Long-term glycemic control, as indicated by HbA1c, was associated with lower odds of depression, whereas intermediate-term glycemic control, reflected by fructosamine, showed an opposite association. These findings underscore the importance of considering the temporal characteristics of glycemic markers when interpreting their relationships with depression and highlight the need for longitudinal studies to clarify underlying mechanisms.