Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors influencing psychiatric nursing competency among emergency nurses and to examine the mediating role of psychological safety in the relationship between communication self-efficacy and psychiatric nursing competency. Methods: Data were collected from 157 emergency nurses in Korea between November 20 and December 17, 2025, using an online self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, hierarchical multiple regression, and mediation analysis based on Baron and Kenny's approach (IBM SPSS 27.0). Results: The mean score of psychiatric nursing competency was 3.25±0.31. Psychiatric nursing competency was positively correlated with communication selfefficacy and psychological safety, and communication self-efficacy was also positively correlated with psychological safety. Regression analysis showed that psychological safety (β=.43, p<.001), communication self-efficacy (β=.38, p<.001), and psychiatric nursing education experience (β=.21, p<.001) significantly influenced psychiatric nursing competency, explaining 52.6% of the variance. Psychological safety partially mediated the relationship between communication self-efficacy and psychiatric nursing competency. Conclusion Communication self-efficacy enhances psychiatric nursing competency through psychological safety, highlighting the need for integrated individual and organizational strategies.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine how emotional harmony effort, emotional dissonance regulation, and self-differentiation affect burnout among nurses in psychiatric hospitals. Methods: We employed a descriptive correlational design with a sample of 205 nurses who had more than one year of experience in psychiatric settings. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire that assessed emotional labor (including emotional harmony effort and emotional dissonance regulation), self-differentiation, and burnout. We analyzed factors influencing burnout using multiple linear regression. Results: Burnout was negatively correlated with emotional harmony effort and self-differentiation, while it was positively correlated with emotional dissonance regulation. Key predictors of burnout included age, job satisfaction in psychiatric nursing, emotional dissonance regulation, and self-differentiation. Conclusion To mitigate burnout among nurses in psychiatric hospitals, it is crucial to minimize emotional labor associated with emotional dissonance regulation and to enhance self-differentiation. Interventions should focus on improving job satisfaction, providing training for emotional dissonance regulation, and promoting programs that foster self-understanding and internal insight.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the job retention experiences of professionals in community mental health services and how these experiences are influenced by organizational contexts. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was utilized, involving focus group interviews with ten practitioners across various community mental health service settings. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed through content analysis. An iterative coding and categorization process was employed to identify themes related to job retention experiences and organizational contexts. Results: Three main domains emerged. First, tensions between organizational demands and daily practices increased workload and emotional strain. Second, persistent challenges affecting job retention included limitations in the work environment, particularly safety-related concerns. Third, despite these difficulties, relational support within organizations and the recovery experiences of service users significantly contributed to practitioners' commitment to their work. Conclusion Job retention in community mental health services is influenced by the interplay of organizational conditions, work environments, and professional meaning. These findings underscore the importance of organizational-level strategies to support workforce retention and provide qualitative evidence to inform future discussions about the workforce in community mental health services.

Purpose: This study examined meta-mood, job crafting, and social environment controllability among mental health nurses and identified factors influencing professional quality of life. Methods: Data were collected from 153 mental health nurses using an online survey and analyzed using correlation and multiple linear regression. Results: Compassion satisfaction was positively associated with job crafting (β=.47, p<.001), social environment controllability (β=.35, p<.001), and higher education (β=.18, p=.030). Burnout was predicted by social environment controllability (β=-.26, p=.001), job crafting (β=-.26, p=.001), meta-mood (β=-.20, p=.007), metropolitan workplace (β=.18, p=.007), and executive position (β=-.16, p=.018). Secondary traumatic stress was influenced by meta-mood (β=-.31, p=.001), executive position (β=-.20, p=.012), and job crafting (β=.20, p=.027). Conclusion Job crafting, social environment controllability, and meta-mood are key factors in improving professional quality of life and reducing burnout and secondary traumatic stress.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify suicide risk factors among adolescents with a migration background. Methods: A descriptive, secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the 2024 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which included 1,782 adolescents with a migration background. Data analysis utilized a complex sample design, incorporating frequencies, descriptive statistics, x2 tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression, performed with SPSS 26.0. Results: Logistic regression identified significant predictors of suicide risk, including age, feelings of sadness and hopelessness, stress, anxiety, perceived health status, history of injury, and use of liquid e-cigarettes. Together, these factors explained 33.5% of the variance in suicide risk. Conclusion The findings underscore the necessity for targeted mental health interventions for adolescents with a migration background, focusing on emotional regulation, stress management, and the prevention of risky behaviors. Early screening and culturally sensitive strategies are crucial for reducing suicide risk in this vulnerable population.

Purpose: This study investigated how depression and peer attachment influence smartphone overdependence in elementary school students. Methods: The participants included 279 students in grades 4-6 with a mean age of 11.2 years (SD=0.8, range=10~12 years). Data were collected from December 24 to 31, 2024, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. Results: All subdomains of depression were found to have positive correlations with smartphone overdependence: behavioral problems (r=.26), physiological symptoms (r=.24), self-deprecation (r=.22), loss of interest (r=.20), and depressive affect (r=.12). Conversely, smartphone overdependence showed negative associations with peer attachment subdomains: communication (r=-.25), trust (r=-.23), and alienation (r=-.19). In multiple regression analysis, peer communication (β=-.20) and depressive behavioral problems (β=.19) emerged as significant predictors of smartphone overdependence. Conclusion The findings indicate that depressive behavioral problems and peer communication are linked to smartphone overdependence in late childhood, highlighting the importance of programs aimed at reducing behavioral issues and enhancing peer communication to encourage healthier smartphone usage.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing nurses' assertiveness through the lens of cognitive behavioral theory. Methods: Convenience sampling was employed to recruit nurses from a tertiary care university hospital in Seoul, South Korea, for this cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. Data were gathered using a self-administered online questionnaire distributed via the hospital's internal online portal (open bulletin board), resulting in a final sample of 118 nurses (92.4% female, mean age=28.7 years). Data analysis was conducted using R version 4.3.1. Results: Assertiveness was found to be negatively correlated with both irrational beliefs (r=-.57) and social anxiety (r=-.56), while a positive correlation existed between irrational beliefs and social anxiety (r=.67). Multiple regression analysis revealed that irrational beliefs (β=-.36) and social anxiety (β=-.32) were significant predictors of assertiveness, collectively accounting for 38% of the variance after adjusting for demographic variables. Conclusion This study illustrated that cognitive behavioral theory effectively elucidates the factors influencing nurses' assertiveness. Given that social anxiety emerged as a strong predictor, assertiveness training should address both cognitive and emotional aspects.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a narrative therapy training program using MetaverseZEP on attitudes toward severe mental illness, counselor self-efficacy, and emotional exhaustion in psychiatric mental health nurses. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants included 47 psychiatric mental health nurses. The program consisted of 14 sessions, each lasting 60 minutes, conducted over four weeks (three to four sessions per week). Its effectiveness was assessed using pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test with the Attitudes to Severe Mental Illness Scale, Counselor Self-Efficacy Scale, and Emotional Exhaustion Scale. Data were analyzed using x2 tests, Fisher’s exact probability test, t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA in IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Results: Participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in attitudes toward severe mental illness (F=3.29, p=.047) and counseling self-efficacy (F=7.14, p=.002) compared to the control group. Conclusion The narrative therapy training program using MetaverseZEP effectively enhances counselor self-efficacy and attitudes toward severe mental illness in psychiatric mental health nurses. These findings suggest its potential as a valuable nurse training program.