Purpose: Renal tumors account for approximately 7% of all childhood cancers. These include Wilms tumor (WT), clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK), malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (MRTK), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) and other rare tumors. We investigated the epidemiology of pediatric renal tumors in Korea. Materials and Methods: From January 2001 to December 2015, data of pediatric patients (0–18 years) newly-diagnosed with renal tumors at 26 hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among 439 patients (male, 240), the most common tumor was WT (n=342, 77.9%), followed by RCC (n=36, 8.2%), CCSK (n=24, 5.5%), MRTK (n=16, 3.6%), CMN (n=12, 2.7%), and others (n=9, 2.1%). Median age at diagnosis was 27.1 months (range 0-225.5) and median follow-up duration was 88.5 months (range 0-211.6). Overall, 32 patients died, of whom 17, 11, 1, and 3 died of relapse, progressive disease, second malignant neoplasm, and treatment-related mortality. Five-year overall survival and event free survival were 97.2% and 84.8% in WT, 90.6% and 82.1% in RCC, 81.1% and 63.6% in CCSK, 60.3% and 56.2% in MRTK, and 100% and 91.7% in CMN, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion The pediatric renal tumor types in Korea are similar to those previously reported in other countries. WT accounted for a large proportion and survival was excellent. Non-Wilms renal tumors included a variety of tumors and showed inferior outcome, especially MRTK. Further efforts are necessary to optimize the treatment and analyze the genetic characteristics of pediatric renal tumors in Korea.

Background: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) constitutes 10%–20% of all malignant lymphomas and has a high cure rate (5-year survival, around 90%). Recently, interest has increased concerning preventing secondary complications (secondary cancer, endocrine disorders) in long-term survivors. We aimed to study the epidemiologic features and therapeutic outcomes of HL in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea. Methods: We performed a multicenter, retrospective study of 224 patients aged < 25 years diagnosed with HL at 22 participating institutes in Korea from January 2007 to August 2016. Results: A higher percentage of males was diagnosed at a younger age. Nodular sclerosis histopathological HL subtype was most common, followed by mixed cellularity subtype.Eighty-one (36.2%), 101 (45.1%), and 42 (18.8%) patients were classified into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, respectively. Doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine was the most common protocol (n = 102, 45.5%). Event-free survival rate was 86.0% ± 2.4%, while five-year overall survival (OS) rate was 96.1% ± 1.4%: 98.7% ± 1.3%, 97.7% ± 1.6%, and 86.5% ± 5.6% in the low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, respectively (P = 0.021). Five-year OS was worse in patients with B-symptoms, stage IV disease, highrisk, splenic involvement, extra-nodal lymphoma, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase level.In multivariate analysis, B-symptoms and extra-nodal involvement were prognostic factors for poor OS. Late complications of endocrine disorders and secondary malignancy were observed in 17 and 6 patients, respectively. Conclusion This is the first study on the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of HL in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea. Future prospective studies are indicated to develop therapies that minimize treatment toxicity while maximizing cure rates in children, adolescents, and young adults with HL.

PURPOSE: Although the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for panic disorder (PD) has been studied previously, data on the predictors of treatment outcomes in MBCT for PD are scarce. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty patients with PD were screened to analyze treatment outcomes such as MBCT completion, treatment response, and remission after undergoing MBCT for PD. Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbid personality disorders, and baseline medication doses were examined. The study administered the Panic Disorder Severity Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory-Revised to patients at baseline and at eight weeks. RESULTS: Sixty-five participants were enrolled in the present study. Comorbid personality disorder was significantly associated with MBCT non-completion. We found that anxiety sensitivity (AS) improvement after an eight week MBCT program was a statistically significant factor associated with treatment response. Using logistic regression analysis, AS improvement after MBCT showed significant association with PD remission after MBCT. CONCLUSION: Comorbid personality disorders of participants could be a potential predictor of MBCT non-completion. Furthermore, AS improvement after MBCT may predict treatment response and remission after MBCT for PD. However, better designed studies with a larger number of patients are needed to confirm our findings.
Adult ; Cognitive Therapy/*methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mindfulness/*methods ; Panic Disorder/*therapy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Young Adult

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (hSOS) can be developed as a common complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and rarely after 6-thioguanine-based chemotherapy without HSCT. A four-year-old boy with heterozygotic polymorphism for thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) developed hSOS after he received chemotherapy with cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, intrathecal methotrexate and 6-thioguanine (6-TG) as reconsolidation chemotherapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). He was treated with defibrotide, N-acetylcysteine, urusodeoxycholic acid, glutathione, and supportive care. He recovered completely in nine days without long-term complication, and completed chemotherapy with 6-mercaptopurine without severe complication. We report a case of hSOS developed in an ALL patient with TPMT heterozygote after 6-TG based reconsolidation chemotherapy.
6-Mercaptopurine ; Acetylcysteine ; Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cytarabine ; Glutathione ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; Methyltransferases ; Polydeoxyribonucleotides ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Thioguanine

PURPOSE: Chitosan & chitosan derivative(eg. membrane) have been studied in periodontal regeneration, and recently many studies of chitosan have reported good results. If chitosan's effects on periodontal regeneration are enhanced, we can use chitosan in many clinical and experimental fields. For this purpose, this study reviewed available literatures, evaluated comparable experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten in vivo studies reporting chitosan's effects on periodontal tissue regeneration have been selected by use of the 'Pubmed' and hand searching. RESULTS: 1. In Sprague Dawley rat calvarial defect models, amount of newly formed bone in defects showed significant differences between chitosan/chitosan-carrier/chitosan-membrane groups and control groups. 2. In beagle canine 1-wall intrabony defect models, amount of new cementum and new bone showed significant differences between chitosan/chitosan-membrane groups and control groups. The mean values of the above experimental groups were greater than the control groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study have demonstrated that periodontal regeneration procedure using chitosan have beneficial effects, which will be substitute for various periodontal regenerative treatment area. One step forward in manufacturing process of chitosan membrane and in use in combination with other effective materials(eg. bone graft material or carrier) may bring us many chances of common use of chitosan in various periodontal area.
Animals ; Chitosan ; Dental Cementum ; Hand ; Membranes ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydroxyapatite containing toothpaste for patients who received periodontal therapy and felt hypersensiptivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After application of toothpaste, patients were evaluated for VAS(Visual Analog scale) scores to a cold stimulate on baseline, 1 week, and 4 weeks. VAS scores were analyzed by statistical methods. RESULTS: The results of this study were as follows. 1. VAS scores in control group on baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were 5.39+/-2.05, 4.75+/-2.00, 4.21+/-1.75. 2. VAS scores in experimental group on baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were 5.61+/-2.37, 4.81+/-2.46, 4.08+/-2.54. 3. Decrease of VAS scores on hypersensitivity after 1week was 0.64+/-0.49(p<.0001) in control group, 0.80+/-1.65 (p<.0001) in experimental group. 4. Decrease of VAS scores on hypersensitivity after 4weeks was 1.18+/-1.60(p<.0001) in control group, 1.53+/-1.88 (p<.0001) in experimental group. 5. When compared, decrease of VAS scores after 1 week between 2 groups were not statistically different(p=0.2622). 6. When compared, decrease of VAS scores after 4 weeks between 2 groups were not statistically different(p=0.1219). CONCLUSION: It was confirmed that hydroxyapatite containing toothpaste have the similar effect with pre-existing proven dentifrice for relieving teeth hypersensitivity.
Cold Temperature ; Dentifrices ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Tooth ; Toothpastes

PURPOSE: Developments in micro/macrostructures of implants and surgical techniques brought out stable outcomes of implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distributions of implant patients, the types of implanted sites, and the success or survival rates of various implant systems and to analyze the implant placement done at each specificintraoral site and situation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of dental implantations collected between 1992 and 2006 at the Department of Periodontology in 00000 University Hospital were analyzed. RESULTS: 1. Largest part of the patients were at the age of 40s and 50s in bothgender who lost their teeth mostly by periodontaldiseases and caries at the posterior intraoral sites as major ones. Bone densities of type II(mandible) and III(maxilla) were likely to be seen with quantity of type B. Lengths of the implants between 10 and 15 mm and wide platform took the largest part. 2. Survival rates of Implantium(R)(98.8%), Xive(R)(100%) and ITI TE(R)(100%) were high when Frialit-2(R) showed 82%(poor bone density area) or 87.2%(combined with additional therapy). IMZ(R) had lowest cumulative survival(67.5%) and success rate(49.4%) amongst all. 3. Replacement with 2 wide or 3 regular platforms showed no significant differences in survival rate and marginal bone loss atmandibular posterior area. In single restoration of mandibular second molar, 5-year success rate of machined surface Branemark(R)(70.37%) was lower than that of rough surface ITI(R) SLA(100%). 4. Replacement of single tooth in anterior area showed high survival rate of 94.5%. 5. The success rates of Branemark Ti-Unite and ITI SLA at posterior maxilla with poor bone density both showed stable outcomes. 6. 10-year cumulative survival rate of implants with maxillary sinus augmentation by lateral window approach appeared to be 96.60%. Low survival rate(75%) was shown when there were more than two complications combined. Height of grafted bone remained stable above the implant apex. CONCLUSIONS : Rough surfaced implants showed stable outcomes in most of the situation including poor bone density and additional therapy combined.
Bone Density ; Dental Implants* ; Dentistry ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus ; Molar ; Retrospective Studies* ; Survival Rate ; Tooth ; Transplants

Bone morphogenetic proteins have been shown to possess significant osteoinSductive potential, but in order to take advantage of this effect for tissue engineering, carrier systems are essential. Successful carrier systems must enable vascular and cellular invasion, allowing BMP to act as a differentiation factor. The carrier should be reproducible, non-immunogenic, moldable, and space-providing, to define the contours of the resulting bone. The purpose of this study was to review available literature, in comparing various carriers of BMP on rat calvarial defect model. The following conclusions were deduced. 1. Bone regeneration of ACS/BMP, beta-TCP/BMP, FFSS/BMP, FFSS/beta-TCP/BMP, MBCP/BMP group were significantly greater than the control groups. 2. Bone density in the ACS/BMP group was greater than that in beta-TCP, FFSS, FFSS/beta-TCP carrier group. 3. Bone regeneration in FFSS/BMP group was less than in ACS/BMP, beta-TCP/BMP, MBCP/BMP group. However, New bone area of FFSS/beta-TCP/BMP carrier group were more greater than that of FFSS/BMP group. ACS, beta-TCP, FFSS, FFSS/beta-TCP, MBCP were used for carrier of BMP. However, an ideal carrier which was reproducible, non-immunogenic, moldable, and space-providing did not exist. Therefore, further investigation are required in developing a new carrier system.
Animals ; Bone Density ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins* ; Bone Regeneration ; Rats* ; Tissue Engineering

PURPOSE: Various bone graft materials are being used for periodontal tissue regeneration.Th materials are being developed continuously for ideal clinical effects. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the clinical characteristics of each bone graft material through comparing the various bone graft materials statistically and in doing so, proposing a more efficient bone graft material. In this study, the following results were attained through comparing the clinical effects among the bone graft materials, using the statistical method based on the clinical studies published at the department of periodontology of Yonsei hospital. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 6 selected studies of department of Periodontology at Yonsei University Hospital were based on clinical study of bone grafting in intrabony defects. It was compared the clinical parameters among the 6 clinical studies, using the statistical META analysis. RESULT: When comparing the probing depth reduction, there was a relatively great amount of decrease when using the xenograft, Anorganic Bovine Derived Hydroxapatite Bone Matrix/Cell Binding Peptide(ABM/P-15: PepGen P-15(R)) and the autogenous bone and absorbable membrane, d,l-alctide/glycolide copolymer(GC: Biomesh(R)). The allogfrafts showed a relatively low decrease in the probing depth and clinical attachment change. It also showed a slight decrease in the bone probing depth. The allografts showed various results according to different bone graft materials. When comparing the ABM/P-15 and bovine bone powder(BBP(R)), ABM/P-15 showed a relatively high clinical attachment level and the bovine bone powder showed a relatively high clinical attachment level. The probing depth change and gingival recession change showed a lower value than the mean value between the two bone graft materials. The synthetic bone showed a relatively high decrease in clinical attachment level and periodontal probing depth change. There was a relatively larger amount of gingival recession when using Bioactive Glass(BG) but a relatively low bone regeneration effect was seen. CONCLUSION: Good restorative results of the periodontal tissue can be attained by applying the various bone graft materials being used today after identifying the accurate clinical effects.
Allografts ; Alveolar Bone Loss ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation ; Gingival Recession ; Heterografts ; Membranes ; Transplants*