Objective: To genotype 50 RhD variant samples from Guangzhou, China, using our previously established genotyping strategy, thereby providing guidance for transfusion management and antenatal monitoring in RhD-variant individuals. Methods: Between June and August 2024, fifty samples identified as RhD variants during RhD-negative confirmation testing at Guangzhou Blood Center were collected. Serological testing for the D antigen was performed with two different anti-D reagents, and the epitope profiles of the D antigen were determined using a commercial panel of monoclonal anti-D reagents containing nine kinds of monoclonal anti-D. Genomic DNA was extracted, and high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis was applied to detect the Asian-type DEL (RHD 1227A). Subsequently, RHD genotyping was carried out using Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) and Sanger sequencing. Results: Among the 50 D variant samples, 17 (34.0%) Asian type DEL samples were detected by HRM, including 13 cases with RHD DEL1/01N.01 genotype and 4 cases with RHD DEL1/DEL1 genotype. Eleven (11/50, 22.0%) samples were typed as DVI by the epitope profiles of D antigen. The epitope profiles of D antigen combined with Sanger sequencing of exon 6 identified 5 (5/50, 10.0%) cases of RHD weak partial 15/01N.01. MLPA combined with Sanger sequencing identified two cases of RHD DVI.3/DEL1, representing 4.0% (2/50) of the samples. Additionally, the following RHD genotypes were each detected in one case: RHD weak D type 18/01N.04, RHD weak D type 72/01N.01, RHD weak D type 95/DEL1, RHD weak D type 114/DEL1, RHD weak D type 136/DEL1, RHD weak D type 147/01N.01, RHD 496G/496G, RHD 536C/01N.01, RHD 689A/689A, RHD 689A/DEL1, RHD DEL32/DEL1, RHD DV.1/01N.01, RHD DV.5/01N.01, RHD 01.01/01N.01, and RHD 01/01N.01. Conclusion: Fifty D variant individuals were typed using our previously established serological and molecular approach. These findings provide guidance for precision transfusion therapy in RhD variant patients and inform evidence-based decisions regarding anti-D immunoglobulin prophylaxis for RhD variant pregnant women.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of concentrated growth factor(CGF)on the repairation of damaged intervertebral disc annulus in rats.Methods:First,4 adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)female rats were se-lected,6-7 weeks old,weight 200-250g,blood was collected from the rats'abdominal veins after anesthesia and processed through centrifugation to isolate CGF.Then 36 adult SD female rats were selected from the same batch rats,and were randomly assigned into three groups of control group,surgery group,and CGF group,with 12 rats per group.In the blank group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.In the control group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.The surgery group had a disc puncture performed at the L4/5 level to induce disc rupture;In the CGF group,after modeling,membrane was made with CGF to cover over the annulus fibrosus defect.Postoperative care included standard antiseptic and analgesic treatments.At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively,tissues from the L4/5 level were harvested for morphological assessment via hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and type n collagen im-munohistochemistry staining.Results:Postoperatively at both 4 and 6 weeks,with the preservation of the nu-cleus pulposus's integrity,the surgery group demonstrated pronounced annulus fibrosus damage at the L4/5 disc compared to the control group.In contrast,the CGF group showed a significant decrease in annulus fibrosus damage relative to the surgery group.HE staining of disc sections revealed that the CGF group had markedly improved annulus fibrosus healing compared to the surgery group.The immunohistochemistry of typeⅡ collagenase protein of intervertebral disc in each group at 6 weeks after operation indicated that the dam-age of fibrous ring in the surgery group was more serious than that in the other two groups,and the expres-sion of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was concentrated in the damaged site.Compared with the surgery group,the annulus fibrosus damage was lighter in the CGF group,and the expression of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was also concentrated in the damaged site.Conclusions:CGF can effectively promote the repair of damaged intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus.

Objective:To report the perioperative outcomes and short-term efficacy of posterior capsule of prostatic apex sparing laparo-scopic radical cystectomy and intracorporeal orthotopic neobladder (PCPAS-LRC-ICONB),also known as the Studer technique. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 34 male patients who underwent PCPAS-LRC-ICONB between July 2019 and July 2023 at Huai'an Hospital of Huai'an City and Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital. The perioperative and short-term outcomes of PCPAS-LRC-ICONB were summarized. Results:All 34 patients completed the PCPAS-LRC-ICONB procedure successfully. Neobladder-urethral anastomosis was performed without tension,and no cases required conversion to open surgery. The median operative time was 420 min (range 350-520 min),with a median estimated blood loss of 200 mL (range 150-600 mL). The median follow-up time was 22.5 months (range 4-60 months). No complications of Clavien grade three or higher occurred during the perioperative period. At 12 months postoperatively,the daytime and nighttime urinary continence rates were 88.9％ and 66.7％,respectively. All the patients were satisfied with their urinary continence status. The median bladder capacity was 225 mL (range 100-400 mL) and the median residual urine volume was 20 mL (range 0-50 mL). Pulmon-ary metastases were detected in two patients at 6 and 15 months postoperatively,bone metastases in two patients at 18 and 25 months,liver metastasis in one patient,and local recurrence (one case of abdominal wall implantation) in two patients. By the end of the follow-up period,one patient died from cerebral infarction,one from myocardial infarction,one from other accidents,and six patients died from blad-der cancer recurrence and/or metastasis. Conclusions:PCPAS-LRC-ICONB reduced the difficulty of neobladder-urethral anastomosis,and the perioperative and short-term outcomes were satisfactory.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of concentrated growth factor(CGF)on the repairation of damaged intervertebral disc annulus in rats.Methods:First,4 adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)female rats were se-lected,6-7 weeks old,weight 200-250g,blood was collected from the rats'abdominal veins after anesthesia and processed through centrifugation to isolate CGF.Then 36 adult SD female rats were selected from the same batch rats,and were randomly assigned into three groups of control group,surgery group,and CGF group,with 12 rats per group.In the blank group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.In the control group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.The surgery group had a disc puncture performed at the L4/5 level to induce disc rupture;In the CGF group,after modeling,membrane was made with CGF to cover over the annulus fibrosus defect.Postoperative care included standard antiseptic and analgesic treatments.At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively,tissues from the L4/5 level were harvested for morphological assessment via hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and type n collagen im-munohistochemistry staining.Results:Postoperatively at both 4 and 6 weeks,with the preservation of the nu-cleus pulposus's integrity,the surgery group demonstrated pronounced annulus fibrosus damage at the L4/5 disc compared to the control group.In contrast,the CGF group showed a significant decrease in annulus fibrosus damage relative to the surgery group.HE staining of disc sections revealed that the CGF group had markedly improved annulus fibrosus healing compared to the surgery group.The immunohistochemistry of typeⅡ collagenase protein of intervertebral disc in each group at 6 weeks after operation indicated that the dam-age of fibrous ring in the surgery group was more serious than that in the other two groups,and the expres-sion of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was concentrated in the damaged site.Compared with the surgery group,the annulus fibrosus damage was lighter in the CGF group,and the expression of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was also concentrated in the damaged site.Conclusions:CGF can effectively promote the repair of damaged intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus.

Objective:To report the perioperative outcomes and short-term efficacy of posterior capsule of prostatic apex sparing laparo-scopic radical cystectomy and intracorporeal orthotopic neobladder (PCPAS-LRC-ICONB),also known as the Studer technique. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 34 male patients who underwent PCPAS-LRC-ICONB between July 2019 and July 2023 at Huai'an Hospital of Huai'an City and Tianjin Medical University Second Hospital. The perioperative and short-term outcomes of PCPAS-LRC-ICONB were summarized. Results:All 34 patients completed the PCPAS-LRC-ICONB procedure successfully. Neobladder-urethral anastomosis was performed without tension,and no cases required conversion to open surgery. The median operative time was 420 min (range 350-520 min),with a median estimated blood loss of 200 mL (range 150-600 mL). The median follow-up time was 22.5 months (range 4-60 months). No complications of Clavien grade three or higher occurred during the perioperative period. At 12 months postoperatively,the daytime and nighttime urinary continence rates were 88.9％ and 66.7％,respectively. All the patients were satisfied with their urinary continence status. The median bladder capacity was 225 mL (range 100-400 mL) and the median residual urine volume was 20 mL (range 0-50 mL). Pulmon-ary metastases were detected in two patients at 6 and 15 months postoperatively,bone metastases in two patients at 18 and 25 months,liver metastasis in one patient,and local recurrence (one case of abdominal wall implantation) in two patients. By the end of the follow-up period,one patient died from cerebral infarction,one from myocardial infarction,one from other accidents,and six patients died from blad-der cancer recurrence and/or metastasis. Conclusions:PCPAS-LRC-ICONB reduced the difficulty of neobladder-urethral anastomosis,and the perioperative and short-term outcomes were satisfactory.

Objective:To study the possible effect of soft tissue displacement in the surgical design of primary unilateral cleft lip repair.Methods:Charts of 52 unilateral cleft lip patients who got repaired from January 2014 to December 2015 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The nasolabial region measurements of these 52 cases during the lip surgery were especially collected. The distance between the key points in the upper nasolabial region were directly measured with a ruler and/or caliper. The cleft lips were repaired by rotation-advancement technique. The soft tissue along the cleft edge was sufficiently released, and the muscles were reconstructed.Results:Except the lip height and the distance between crista philtral point and subalar base on the noncleft side, most measurements between the key points on both sides got significant increase postoperatively ( P<0.05). The symmetrical ratio of the preoperative measurements on upper labial region were closing to 1 departing from the cleft region. The symmetrical ratio improved significantly postoperatively ( P<0.01). Conclusions:During the primary unilateral cleft lip surgery, the changes of the distances between the key points of upper nasaolabial region would not always follow the geometry. They are also affected by other factors, like the interaction between each layer and the elasticity of soft tissue, which should be considered and employed during the surgical design.