Objective: To conduct screening for rare blood types within important blood group systems for the Chinese population, such as Rh, Duffy, Kidd, P1Pk, Diego, and MNS, in the Guangzhou region, and to establish a corresponding rare blood type database and physical repository. Methods: The saline medium microplate method was used to screen blood donors with the ccDEE phenotype combined with either Jk(a-) or Jk(b-). The polybrene microplate method was employed to screen for donors with Fy(a-), s(-), Lu(b-), Di(b-), k(-), and p phenotypes. The urea lysis microplate method was applied to screen for the Jk(a-b-) phenotype. A high-resolution melting (HRM) curve method was established for screening some donors with the Di(b-) phenotype. Subsequently, expanded phenotyping of antigens in the Rh, Kidd, MNS, Duffy, P1Pk, Lewis, Kell, and Lutheran blood group systems was performed on identified rare blood type donors using monoclonal antibodies. The test results are entered into the Rare Blood Type Bank Management System of the Guangzhou Blood Center, enabling functions such as confirmation reminders and cryopreservation storage when the donor donates again. Red blood cells of rare blood types are processed into frozen red blood cells for long-term storage. Results: Among voluntary blood donors, 16 cases of the ccDEE combined with Jk(a-) phenotype were identified (0.221 7%, 16/7 216); 10 cases of the ccDEE combined with Jk(b-) phenotype (0.138 6%, 10/7 216); 78 cases of the Fy(a-) phenotype (0.169 5%, 78/46 012); 39 cases of the Lu(b-) phenotype (0.138 2%, 39/28 214); 31 cases of the s(-) phenotype (0.081 8%, 31/37 913); 22 cases of the Di(b-) phenotype (0.029 9%, 22/73 691); 30 cases of the Jk(a-b-) phenotype (0.010 1%, 30/298 250); and 1 case of the k(-) phenotype (0.001 3%, 1/77 382), which was further identified as KELnull phenotype (K0). No p phenotype donors were identified (0/88 528). A total of 228 units of frozen red blood cells were prepared. The screening results were compared and analyzed with rare blood type data from other regions. Conclusion: This study, through a combination of different screening methods, significantly improved the efficiency of rare blood type screening while remaining cost-effective. By conducting large-scale screening and performing data informatization processing, a database and physical repository of rare blood types in the Guangzhou region were successfully established. This provides a strong guarantee for the timely supply of blood to patients with difficult-to-match and rare blood types in the region, effectively enhances the level of transfusion safety in the region, and offers a practical paradigm for constructing a comprehensive blood transfusion support system.

The overall health condition of patients significantly affects the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of endodontic diseases.A systemic consideration of the patient's overall health along with oral conditions holds the utmost importance in determining the necessity and feasibility of endodontic therapy,as well as selecting appropriate therapeutic approaches.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by specialists from endodontics and clinical physicians across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on clinical procedures,improve patient safety and enhance clinical outcomes of endodontic therapy in patients with compromised overall health.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of concentrated growth factor(CGF)on the repairation of damaged intervertebral disc annulus in rats.Methods:First,4 adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)female rats were se-lected,6-7 weeks old,weight 200-250g,blood was collected from the rats'abdominal veins after anesthesia and processed through centrifugation to isolate CGF.Then 36 adult SD female rats were selected from the same batch rats,and were randomly assigned into three groups of control group,surgery group,and CGF group,with 12 rats per group.In the blank group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.In the control group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.The surgery group had a disc puncture performed at the L4/5 level to induce disc rupture;In the CGF group,after modeling,membrane was made with CGF to cover over the annulus fibrosus defect.Postoperative care included standard antiseptic and analgesic treatments.At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively,tissues from the L4/5 level were harvested for morphological assessment via hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and type n collagen im-munohistochemistry staining.Results:Postoperatively at both 4 and 6 weeks,with the preservation of the nu-cleus pulposus's integrity,the surgery group demonstrated pronounced annulus fibrosus damage at the L4/5 disc compared to the control group.In contrast,the CGF group showed a significant decrease in annulus fibrosus damage relative to the surgery group.HE staining of disc sections revealed that the CGF group had markedly improved annulus fibrosus healing compared to the surgery group.The immunohistochemistry of typeⅡ collagenase protein of intervertebral disc in each group at 6 weeks after operation indicated that the dam-age of fibrous ring in the surgery group was more serious than that in the other two groups,and the expres-sion of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was concentrated in the damaged site.Compared with the surgery group,the annulus fibrosus damage was lighter in the CGF group,and the expression of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was also concentrated in the damaged site.Conclusions:CGF can effectively promote the repair of damaged intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of concentrated growth factor(CGF)on the repairation of damaged intervertebral disc annulus in rats.Methods:First,4 adult Sprague-Dawley(SD)female rats were se-lected,6-7 weeks old,weight 200-250g,blood was collected from the rats'abdominal veins after anesthesia and processed through centrifugation to isolate CGF.Then 36 adult SD female rats were selected from the same batch rats,and were randomly assigned into three groups of control group,surgery group,and CGF group,with 12 rats per group.In the blank group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.In the control group,only the L4/5 discs were exposed and no other treatment was done.The surgery group had a disc puncture performed at the L4/5 level to induce disc rupture;In the CGF group,after modeling,membrane was made with CGF to cover over the annulus fibrosus defect.Postoperative care included standard antiseptic and analgesic treatments.At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively,tissues from the L4/5 level were harvested for morphological assessment via hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and type n collagen im-munohistochemistry staining.Results:Postoperatively at both 4 and 6 weeks,with the preservation of the nu-cleus pulposus's integrity,the surgery group demonstrated pronounced annulus fibrosus damage at the L4/5 disc compared to the control group.In contrast,the CGF group showed a significant decrease in annulus fibrosus damage relative to the surgery group.HE staining of disc sections revealed that the CGF group had markedly improved annulus fibrosus healing compared to the surgery group.The immunohistochemistry of typeⅡ collagenase protein of intervertebral disc in each group at 6 weeks after operation indicated that the dam-age of fibrous ring in the surgery group was more serious than that in the other two groups,and the expres-sion of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was concentrated in the damaged site.Compared with the surgery group,the annulus fibrosus damage was lighter in the CGF group,and the expression of type Ⅱ collagenase protein was also concentrated in the damaged site.Conclusions:CGF can effectively promote the repair of damaged intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus.

BACKGROUND: Silibinin has broad pharmaceutical effects, such as anti-free radicals, anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoid oxidase, anti-glutathione (GSH) depletion, anti-neoplastic and serum lipid-lowering effects. Clinically, silibinin is often used in treating alcoholic liver disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of silibinin for alcoholic fatty liver in rats. DESIGN: Randomized and controlled study.SETTING: Guangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Animal Experimental Laboratory of Guangdong Pharmaceutical Institute from August to October 2003. Totally 57 SD rats, without unusual bacteria, weighting (150±10)g and of either gender, were selected. Yiganling tablets containing 38.5 mg silibinin were produced by Zhuzhou No.3 Pharmaceutical Factory (Batch No. 20020808).METHODS: Among the 57 SD rats, 18 rats were regarded as normal control group. Rats in normal control group were administered with normal saline by gavage, and fed with normal food and distilled water in place of alcohol for 10 weeks. Rats in model group and silibinin group were fed with high-calorie food and 100 mL/L alcohol for 6 weeks to establish model of rat alcoholic fatty liver. The other rats were divided into model control group (n=18) and silibinin group (n=21). Rats in model control group were treated with distilled water while those in silibinin group were treated with 100 mg/kg silibinin. Meanwhile, 100 mL/L ethanol and hyperalimentation feed were given for 4 weeks. After animals were killed, TG, SOD, GSH and MDA levels were measured with liver suspension.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Contents of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α , and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1.RESULTS: All the 57 rats entered the final analysis. Silibinin could inhibit the activities of serum AST, ALT and AKP [(2 550.5±400.1), (533.4±100.0), (2 217.1±750.2)nkat/L], and the differences were significant as compared with those in model control group [(3 600.7±666.8), (800.2±100.0), (2 900.6±1 333.6) nkat/L, P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. Contents of TG, LDL-C, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in silibinin group [(1.8±0.8), (0.17±0.04), (6.66±1.38), (24.1±4.1) mmol/L] were lower than those in model group [(2.8±1.4), (0.20±0.05), (7.81±1.06), (28.8±6.3) mmol/L] with significant differences (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). Silibinin could increase the content of HDL-C but decrease the contents of TG and MDA (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), and improve SOD activity as well as hepatocyte and fatty degeneration (P ＜ 0.01).However, it had no obvious effect on the content of reduced estathion (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Silibinin can inhibitthe formation of alcoholic fatty liver in rats. The pharmacological mechanism of silibinin may involve anti-oxidation, removing free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, regulating blood lipid component, reducing fatty sediment in liver, and anti-immunoinflammation and anti-hyperplasia effects.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a diazotize solution-spectrophotometry for the determination of bilirubin in zhenhuang oral liquid.METHODS:The solution to be determined was added with diazotize solution and the absorbability was detected at a detective wavelength of533nm.RESULTS:The calibration curve was linear for bilirubin at the range of1.07～8.56?g/ml(r=0.9999).The average recovery of loading sample was100.2%(RSD=0.73%).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,reproducible,cost-effective and suitable for the determination and quality control of bilirubin in zhenhuang oral liquid.

Objective To establish a HEK293 cell line stably and highly expressing sense and antisense Alu-Sx.Methods According to Alu subfamily Sx sequence,a pair of primers containing the sites for given restrictive endonuclease at both ends were designed and synthesized.PCR of the total DNA extracted from HEK293 cell line was performed,the products of which were cloned into a highly efficient eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1/myc-His A.The recombinants were sequenced and identified by restrictive endonuclease digestion and then transfected into the HEK293 cell line by lipofectamine2000.The stable transfectants were screened by G418.Cell subclones were isolated by gradient dilution.The highly expressing clones were identified by Northern blotting.Results Eukaryotic expressing vectors stably and efficiently expressing sense and antisense Alu-Sx were constructed and cell subclones stably and efficiently expressing sense and antisense Alu-Sx were established.Conclusion Cell subclones stably and efficiently expressing sense and antisense Alu-Sx can used for our further study.