Objective To investigate the clinical effects of different right lung volume reduction techniques when the donor lung is oversized and mismatched with the recipient. Methods Clinical data of 10 recipients who underwent right lung volume reduction lung transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from October 2022 to June 2024 were collected, including gender, age, primary disease type, and type of transplantation. A retrospective analysis was performed on postoperative complications within 90 days, duration of mechanical ventilation, hospital stay, and survival status to explore the impact of different volume reduction techniques on the survival rate of lung transplant recipients. Results A total of 10 right lung volume reduction recipients were included in this study, with 2 cases of upper lobe reduction, 7 cases of middle lobe reduction, and 1 case of lower lobe reduction. Three recipients developed airway complications (one each with upper, middle, and lower lobe reduction). The 30-day survival rate was 90% and the 1-year survival rate was 70%. One recipient with upper lobe reduction died of septic shock during the perioperative period, one with lower lobe reduction died of airway anastomotic fistula 2 months after surgery, and one with middle lobe reduction died of renal insufficiency 1 year after surgery. All 7 recipients with middle lobe reduction successfully passed the perioperative period, with one case of airway anastomotic stenosis (1/7). The average duration of mechanical ventilation was 71 hours, and the average hospital stay was 26 days. The 30-day survival rate was 7/7, and the 1-year survival rate was 6/7. Conclusions Middle lobe reduction in right lung transplantation surgery has the advantages of low incidence of airway complications, good safety, and minimal loss of lung function, and may be a better right lung volume reduction option with potential for application.

Objective To explore the relationship between minimal residual disease(MRD)on the 19th day(D19)and prognosis of children with acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL),as well as the correlation with related biological changes.Methods A total of 88 children with B-ALL newly diagnosed in this hospital from April 2016 to April 2020 who met the enrollment conditions were analyzed for induction therapy D19 MRD,overall survival(OS)rate,event-free survival(EFS)rate,chromosome karyotype,fusion gene and mu-tation gene.MRD≥ 0.01％was considered positive,and they were divided into MRD positive group and MRD negative group.The characteristics of OS rate,EFS rate,immunophenotype and molecular biology/cytogenet-ics were compared between the two groups over a period of 3 years.Results The 3-year OS rate and EFS rate of 88 pediatric patients were 92.0％and 86.4％,respectively.The rates of OS rate and EFS rate in MRD posi-tive group were lower than those in MRD negative group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The detec-tion rate of CD10 in MRD positive group was lower than that in MRD negative group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Thirty-two patients(36.4％)detected 8 types of 35 fusion genes.The de-tection rates of BCR-ABL1 and E2A-PBX1 in MRD positive group were higher than those in MRD negative group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Among 48 cases(54.5％)of pediatric pa-tients,41 types of 91 mutated genes were detected,and the remaining mutated genes were less than 5 cases.Abnormal karyotype was detected in 18 cases(20.5％),and no mitotic phase was detected in 17 cases.There was no difference in MRD between normal and abnormal karyotype.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that BCR-ABL1 and E2A-PBX1 were prognostic factors of children with B-ALL.Conclusion The positive D19 MRD is the influential factor of adverse OS and EFS in children with B-ALL.Both E2A-PBX1 and BCR-ABL1 have adverse effects on the prognosis of children with B-ALL.

From December 2022 to January 2023, 4 lung transplant recipients (3 males and 1 female, aged 52-60 years, all received transplantation less than 1 year) were hospitalized in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University due to COVID-19 after surgery. The clinical manifestations were mostly characterized by elevated body temperature accompanied by shortness of breath, and indicators such as heart rate, oxygen saturation, and oxygenation index could reflect the severity of the condition. The therapy was timely adjusted to immunosuppressive drugs, upgraded oxygen therapy, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal therapy, prone ventilation, general treatment, and anticoagulant therapy, depending on the situation. Finally, 3 patients were cured and discharged from hospital, and 1 died.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the paired like homeobox 2B(PHOX2B)protein and N-MYC oncogene(MYCN gene)status with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of pe-ripheral neuroblastic tumors(pNT).Methods The PHOX2B protein expression in pNT tissues of 41 children cases of pNT was detected by immunohistochemical staining,the MYCN gene expression status was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization technique,and their relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed by continuous correction chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier method.Results The im-munohistochemical staining showed that PHOX2B protein was mainly localized in the cell nucleus,and the positive expression rate in pNT tissue was 82.9％.Its expression level was related to the onset age,differenti-ation degree and prognosis of pNT(P＜0.05),and the intensity of PHOX2B protein expression was not relat-ed to the MYCN gene status(P＞0.05).The survival stage in the children patients with MYCN gene amplification was shorter than that in the children patients with no MYCN gene amplification(P＜0.05).Conclusion PHOX2B protein has the diagnostic significance for pNT and could be used as a reliable diagnostic marker for pNT;MY-CN gene status is related to the survival period in the children patients,which can help to judge the prognosis of pNT children patients.

Objective To explore the effects of matrine on apoptosis and nuclear factor(NF)-κBp65 activity of HL-60 cells induced by pirarubicin (THP).Methods Effects of the apoptosis:the HL-60 cells in blank control group were cultured 14 hours with RPMI 1640; groups of different concentration drugs:matrine:0.1 μmol/L,1.0 μmol/L,10.0 μmoL/L and THP:1.0 μmol/L,10.0 μmol/L,100.0 μmol/L.The apoptosis of HL-60 cells were tested by fluorescence double colour painting and flow cytometry (FCM).The NF-κBp65 activity of HL-60 cells were determined by FCM.Results The rates of apoptosis of HL-60 cells were (7.14 ± 2.95) ％,(12.34 ± 2.55) ％,(19.3 ±2.31)％ and (31.78 ±4.31)％,(47.25 ±5.27)％,(56.49 ±1.59)％ in matrine 0.1 μmol/L,1.0 μmol/L,10.0 μmol/L and THP 1.0 μmoL/L,10.0 μmol/L,100.0 μmol/L groups,compared to blank control group (6.46 ± 1.45) ％,there were significant difference (F =257.72,677.19 ; all P ＜ 0.001) ; (70.17 ± 5.68) ％ in matrine 0.1 μ mol/L +THP 1.0 μ moL/L group[vs the THP 1.0 μmoL/L group (31.78 ±4.31)％,(t =38.94,P＜0.001)].The rates of NF-κBp65 activity of HL-60 cells in matrine 0.1 μmol/L,1.0 μmol/L,10.0 μmol/L and THP 1.0 μmol/L,10.0 μmol/L,100.0 μmol/L groups were(8.34 ± 1.52)％,(7.11 ± 1.29)％,(4.78 ±0.31)％ and (16.21 ± 1.20) ％,(23.98 ± 3.21) ％,(32.44 ± 2.89) ％,with the control group (8.44 ± 2.20) ％,there were significant difference(F =65.35,P ＜ 0.001 ; F =674.11,P ＜ 0.001) ; (12.01 ± 2.27) ％ in matrine 0.1 μmol/L + THP 1.0 μmol/L group [with (16.21 ± 1.20) ％ of THP 1.0 μmol/L group(t =21.42,P ＜ 0.001)].Conclusions The apoptosis of HL-60 cell is induced by matrine and pirarubicin in a dose-dependent manner.NF-κBp65 activity of HL-60 cell is inhibited by matrine and increased by pirarubicin in a dose-dependent manner.Matrine can enhannce the effect of induction by pirarubicin of apoptosis of HL-60 cell,and decrease activity of NF-κBp65 by pirarubicin.

Objective The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between blood concentration and brain tissue drug concentration by different dose of TMX chemotherapy acute lymphoblastic leukemia in mice. Methods 4 weeks, health Kun Ming mice 80: establishment acute lymphoblastic leukemia mice model,20 mice were randomly selected to take the femur bone marrow biopsy bone marrow OK for model verification; the remaining 60 acute lymphoblastic leukemia mice were allocated randomly 6 groups of 10 mice in each group, respectively A, B, C, D, E, F groups. And collected blood 0.5 ml and brain tissue 0.4 g individually at 0.5 hour in every group. We used supernatant of centrifugation blood and brain homogenate to detected drug concentration by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Results The mean blood concentration of MTX of six groups A, B, C, D, E, F are (39.08±5.18) μmol/L, (15.86±1.02)μmol/L, (8.67± 5.43)μmol/L, (68.29±5.19)μmol/L, (29.55±6.22)μmol/L, (13.98±1.12)μmol/L, respectively. Compared the mean blood concentration of MTX of each group there are statistical significance (P<0.05). The mean concentration of MTX of six groups in brain tissue are followed by A group (1.05±0.26)μmol/L, B group (0.61±0.25)μmol/L, C group (0.48±0.25)μmol/L, D group (2.07±0.35)μmol/L, E group (1.27±0.21)μmol/L, F group (0.59±0.69)μmol/L. Compared the mean concentration of MTX of each group in brain tissue there are statistical significance (P<0.05). MTX concentration in blood and in brain tissue of correlation coefficient followed by 0.82, 0.75, 0.19, 0.81, 0.55, 0.43. Conclusion The chemotherapy acute lymphoblastic leukemia mice of HDMTX scheme, the peak of blood concentration and brain tissue drug concentration is come after injected MTX 0.5 hour, MTX 5 g/m~2 is better permeation blood-brain barrier and more easy make brain tissue drug concentration to reach effectively therapeutic concentration than MTX 3 g/m~2.