Objective To investigate the growth, development and health status of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District of Wuhan, and analyze the detection and change trend of common diseases in primary and secondary school students, and to provide a basis for relevant departments to formulate prevention and control measures of common diseases in students. Methods The monitoring data of common diseases and health influencing factors of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed and compared according to different genders, different grades and ages. SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the data of detection rates of myopia, dental caries, obesity, malnutrition and abnormal spinal curvature. Results The overall detection rates of myopia, dental caries, malnutrition, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature were 57.00%, 58.45%, 4.60%, 14.91%, and 6.33%, respectively, in Xinzhou District from 2019 to 2022. The annual change rates were 7.22%, 15.10%, -2.72%, 13.29%, and 4.91%, respectively. The detection rates of myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature showed an increasing trend in each year (χ² ≥17.22, P<0.001). The detection rates of myopia and malnutrition increased with the increase of age and school level (both χ²≥42.37, P<0.001), while the opposite was true for the detection rates of dental caries and obesity (both χ²≥14.26, P<0.001). The detection rates of myopia and dental caries were higher in girls than in boys (both χ²≥33.66, P<0.001), while the detection rates of obesity and abnormal spinal curvature were higher in boys than in girls (both χ²≥8.22, P<0.005). The detection rates of myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature in 2019 were lower than those in 2020-2022 (χ²≥4.11, P<0.05), while the detection rates of malnutrition had decreased. Conclusion The growth, development and health status of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District are serious. The detection rate of common diseases such as myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal curvature of the spine is on the rise, which should be the focus of the surveillance work of common diseases in primary and secondary school students in the future, and comprehensive intervention measures are urgently needed to prevent and control these common diseases.

Humans and animals have a fundamental ability to use experiences and environmental information to organize behavior. It often happens that humans and animals make decisions and prepare actions under uncertain situations. Uncertainty would significantly affect the state of animals' minds, but may not be reflected in behavior. How to "read animals' mind state" under different situations is a challenge. Here, we report that neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats can reflect the environmental uncertainty when the task situation changes from certain to uncertain. Rats were trained to perform behavioral tasks under certain and uncertain situations. Under certain situations, rats were required to simply repeat two nose-poking actions that each triggered short auditory tone feedback (single-task situation). Whereas under the uncertain situation, the feedback could randomly be either the previous tone or a short musical rhythm. No additional action was required upon the music feedback, and the same secondary nose-poking action was required upon the tone feedback (dual-task situation); therefore, the coming task was uncertain before action initiation. We recorded single-unit activity from the mPFC when the rats were performing the tasks. We found that in the dual task, when uncertainty was introduced, many mPFC neurons were actively engaged in dealing with the uncertainty before the task initiation, suggesting that the rats could be aware of the task situation change and encode the information in the mPFC before the action of task initiation.
Animals ; Prefrontal Cortex/cytology* ; Uncertainty ; Neurons/physiology* ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Action Potentials/physiology* ; Acoustic Stimulation

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted radical surgery in the treatment of metachronous multiple primary colorectal cancer (MCC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 MCC patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted radical surgery (laparoscopic group) and 36 MCC patients undergoing open radical surgery (open group) from Jan 2012 to Jan 2022 at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.Results:The laparoscopic group was superior to the open group in terms of intraoperative blood loss [(53.7±111.5) ml vs. (132.5±154.9) ml, t=-2.241, P=0.029], time to first postoperative flatus [(2.2±0.7) days vs. (3.5±0.6) days, t=-7.752, P<0.001], time to first postoperative defecation [(2.9±0.6) days vs. (4.3±0.6) days, t=-8.841, P<0.001], and postoperative hospital stay [(7.2±2.4) days vs. (10.6±3.5) days, t=-4.518, P<0.001]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of operation time, number of lymph nodes dissected, positive rate of specimen margin, resection rate of previous colorectal cancer anastomotic stoma, and incidence of postoperative complications (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for MCC patients.

Objective To explore the mechanism underlying the role of disulfidptosis-related genes(DRGs)in the disease progression of metabolically associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)based on bioinformatics.Methods In this study,the GEO database was utilized to screen for eligible MAFLD expression data,conduct differential gene analysis,and identify DRGs through consistent clustering to subtype MAFLD patients.The immune infiltration status among subtypes was further evaluated,and the infiltration of immune cells was analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm.The gene modules related to the disease were selected through weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).Subsequently,a diagnostic model was constructed based on DRGs using machine learning models,and the performance of the model was verified.Finally,the stability of DRGs among different subtypes was evaluated using an external dataset,and the significance of the results was analyzed using statistical tests.Results Through the analysis of the dataset GSE31803,six disulfide death genes,namely,SLC3A2,NCKAP1,CYFIP1,FLNA,MYL6 and MYH10,which were closely related to the clinical characteristics of MAFLD,were screened out.MAFLD patients were classified into two subtypes,with subtype 1 having a higher level of immune cell infiltration.Key gene modules were identified through WGCNA.Through machine learning screening,the support vector machine(SVM)model was determined as the optimal classification model.External validation confirmed the stability and effectiveness of the key genes in different subtypes of MAFLD.Conclusion Based on DRGs,two highly heterogeneous subtypes of MAFLD were identified,which exhibited significant differences in clinical characteristics,biological processes and immune status,indicating that DRGs play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of MAFLD.

Objective:To construct and validate a predictive model for pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Methods:This retrospective observational study included 595 patients with stage T2-4 and (or) N+M0 LARC diagnosed in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University who had no metastases, tolerated neoadjuvant therapy, completed neoadjuvant therapy, and had undergone radical surgery after neoadjuvant therapy. The training set comprised 299 patients admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2018, the internal validation set 155 patients admitted from 2019 to 2023, and the external validation set 141 patients admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2013 to 2021. They were divided into pCR group and non-pCR groups according to postoperative pathology. Among the 299 patients in the training set, 247 were in the non-PCR and 52 in the pCR group; among the 155 patients verified internally, 113 were in the non-PCR and 42 in the pCR group; and among the 141 patients validated externally, 132 were in the non-pCR and nine in the pCR group. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multifactorial analysis to explore the factors associated with pCR and construct a nomogram prediction model. Receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to validate the performance of the predictive model.Results:Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that carbohydrate antigen 19-9 ( P=0.040, OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.93-0.99), neutrophil count ( P<0.001, OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.52-0.84), tumor T stage: Stage IV ( P=0.011, OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.07-0.70), tumor N stage: Stage I ( P=0.003, OR=0.22,95%CI:0.08-0.60), Stage II ( P<0.001, OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.01-0.09) and involvement of mesorectal fascia ( P=0.004, OR=0.09, 95%CI: 0.02-0.47) were independent predictors of pCR. In the training set, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.92 (95%CI: 0.87-0.96), whereas in the internal and external validation sets, the AUCs were 0.78 and 0.81, respectively. The calibration curve showed that the prediction model had good prediction efficiency in both the training and verification sets. Decision curve analysis showed that the net benefit of the model was largest when the threshold probability was in the range of 5.2% to 89.7% (in the internal and external validation sets, the threshold probabilities were in the range of 15.7% to 92.3% and 2.2% to 84.1%, respectively). Conclusion:The nomogram model constructed in this study showed efficacy in predicting whether patients with LARC will achieve pCR after receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Polymyxin serves as the"last line of defense"for treating infection with multidrug-resistant Gram-ne-gative bacteria.However,the emergence and spread of polymyxin-resistant genes such as mcr-1 severely weakens its clinical efficacy.This paper systematically summarizes the antimicrobial and resistance mechanisms of polymy-xin,comprehensively summarizes the current research progresses in polymyxin sensitizers particular focusing on three aspects:natural compounds,synthetic small molecules,and drug repurposing.Furthermore,this paper explores the innovative strategies of gene intervention,new targets,and nanotechnology-based formulations in the develop-ment of sensitizer,aiming to provide systematic theoretical support and research ideas against polymyxin resistance.

Objective To explore the mechanism underlying the role of disulfidptosis-related genes(DRGs)in the disease progression of metabolically associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)based on bioinformatics.Methods In this study,the GEO database was utilized to screen for eligible MAFLD expression data,conduct differential gene analysis,and identify DRGs through consistent clustering to subtype MAFLD patients.The immune infiltration status among subtypes was further evaluated,and the infiltration of immune cells was analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm.The gene modules related to the disease were selected through weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA).Subsequently,a diagnostic model was constructed based on DRGs using machine learning models,and the performance of the model was verified.Finally,the stability of DRGs among different subtypes was evaluated using an external dataset,and the significance of the results was analyzed using statistical tests.Results Through the analysis of the dataset GSE31803,six disulfide death genes,namely,SLC3A2,NCKAP1,CYFIP1,FLNA,MYL6 and MYH10,which were closely related to the clinical characteristics of MAFLD,were screened out.MAFLD patients were classified into two subtypes,with subtype 1 having a higher level of immune cell infiltration.Key gene modules were identified through WGCNA.Through machine learning screening,the support vector machine(SVM)model was determined as the optimal classification model.External validation confirmed the stability and effectiveness of the key genes in different subtypes of MAFLD.Conclusion Based on DRGs,two highly heterogeneous subtypes of MAFLD were identified,which exhibited significant differences in clinical characteristics,biological processes and immune status,indicating that DRGs play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of MAFLD.

Objective:To construct and validate a predictive model for pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Methods:This retrospective observational study included 595 patients with stage T2-4 and (or) N+M0 LARC diagnosed in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University who had no metastases, tolerated neoadjuvant therapy, completed neoadjuvant therapy, and had undergone radical surgery after neoadjuvant therapy. The training set comprised 299 patients admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2018, the internal validation set 155 patients admitted from 2019 to 2023, and the external validation set 141 patients admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2013 to 2021. They were divided into pCR group and non-pCR groups according to postoperative pathology. Among the 299 patients in the training set, 247 were in the non-PCR and 52 in the pCR group; among the 155 patients verified internally, 113 were in the non-PCR and 42 in the pCR group; and among the 141 patients validated externally, 132 were in the non-pCR and nine in the pCR group. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multifactorial analysis to explore the factors associated with pCR and construct a nomogram prediction model. Receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to validate the performance of the predictive model.Results:Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that carbohydrate antigen 19-9 ( P=0.040, OR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.93-0.99), neutrophil count ( P<0.001, OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.52-0.84), tumor T stage: Stage IV ( P=0.011, OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.07-0.70), tumor N stage: Stage I ( P=0.003, OR=0.22,95%CI:0.08-0.60), Stage II ( P<0.001, OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.01-0.09) and involvement of mesorectal fascia ( P=0.004, OR=0.09, 95%CI: 0.02-0.47) were independent predictors of pCR. In the training set, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.92 (95%CI: 0.87-0.96), whereas in the internal and external validation sets, the AUCs were 0.78 and 0.81, respectively. The calibration curve showed that the prediction model had good prediction efficiency in both the training and verification sets. Decision curve analysis showed that the net benefit of the model was largest when the threshold probability was in the range of 5.2% to 89.7% (in the internal and external validation sets, the threshold probabilities were in the range of 15.7% to 92.3% and 2.2% to 84.1%, respectively). Conclusion:The nomogram model constructed in this study showed efficacy in predicting whether patients with LARC will achieve pCR after receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Polymyxin serves as the"last line of defense"for treating infection with multidrug-resistant Gram-ne-gative bacteria.However,the emergence and spread of polymyxin-resistant genes such as mcr-1 severely weakens its clinical efficacy.This paper systematically summarizes the antimicrobial and resistance mechanisms of polymy-xin,comprehensively summarizes the current research progresses in polymyxin sensitizers particular focusing on three aspects:natural compounds,synthetic small molecules,and drug repurposing.Furthermore,this paper explores the innovative strategies of gene intervention,new targets,and nanotechnology-based formulations in the develop-ment of sensitizer,aiming to provide systematic theoretical support and research ideas against polymyxin resistance.

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted radical surgery in the treatment of metachronous multiple primary colorectal cancer (MCC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 MCC patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted radical surgery (laparoscopic group) and 36 MCC patients undergoing open radical surgery (open group) from Jan 2012 to Jan 2022 at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.Results:The laparoscopic group was superior to the open group in terms of intraoperative blood loss [(53.7±111.5) ml vs. (132.5±154.9) ml, t=-2.241, P=0.029], time to first postoperative flatus [(2.2±0.7) days vs. (3.5±0.6) days, t=-7.752, P<0.001], time to first postoperative defecation [(2.9±0.6) days vs. (4.3±0.6) days, t=-8.841, P<0.001], and postoperative hospital stay [(7.2±2.4) days vs. (10.6±3.5) days, t=-4.518, P<0.001]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of operation time, number of lymph nodes dissected, positive rate of specimen margin, resection rate of previous colorectal cancer anastomotic stoma, and incidence of postoperative complications (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Laparoscopic surgery is a safe and minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for MCC patients.