Objective:To analyze the incidence and risk factors of malignant tumors among HIV-infected patients in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province.Methods:The data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and the Taizhou Chronic Disease Information Management System. A retrospective cohort study design was used. The subjects were HIV-infected patients who had their household registration in Taizhou from 2005 to 2023 and participated in the follow-up. The observation period was until December 31, 2024. The standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of malignant tumors among HIV-infected patients were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of malignant tumor incidence.Results:A total of 3 593 HIV-infected patients were included, of whom 292 had malignant tumors. The proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies and non-AIDS-defining malignancies were 12.33% (36/292) and 87.67% (256/292), respectively. The proportion of malignant tumors before and after AIDS confirmation was 43.49% (127/292) and 56.51% (165/292), respectively. 3 466 HIV-infected patients were included in the follow-up cohort, with a total follow-up of 24 968.59 person-years. The incidence rate of malignant tumors in patients with HIV infection was 658.46 per 100 000 (SIR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.61-2.20). The SIR of malignant tumors showed an upward trend with the increase of time. The results of Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that HIV-infected patients in the age groups of 45-59 and ≥60 years (a HR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.26-5.28; a HR=5.00, 95% CI: 2.38-10.51) were more likely to develop malignant tumors. HIV-infected patients with an educational level of senior high school or above (a HR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.95) and those in the first CD4 +T lymphocyte/CD8 +T lymphocyte count ratio ≥0.5 (a HR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.28-0.97) were less likely to develop malignant tumors. Conclusions:From 2005 to 2023, the incidence of malignant tumors among HIV-infected people in Taizhou was higher than that of the general population, and most of them were non-AIDS-defining malignancies. It is necessary to strengthen the early screening and diagnosis of malignant tumors among HIV-infected patients.

Objective:To analyze the incidence and risk factors of malignant tumors among HIV-infected patients in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province.Methods:The data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and the Taizhou Chronic Disease Information Management System. A retrospective cohort study design was used. The subjects were HIV-infected patients who had their household registration in Taizhou from 2005 to 2023 and participated in the follow-up. The observation period was until December 31, 2024. The standardized incidence ratios (SIR) of malignant tumors among HIV-infected patients were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of malignant tumor incidence.Results:A total of 3 593 HIV-infected patients were included, of whom 292 had malignant tumors. The proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies and non-AIDS-defining malignancies were 12.33% (36/292) and 87.67% (256/292), respectively. The proportion of malignant tumors before and after AIDS confirmation was 43.49% (127/292) and 56.51% (165/292), respectively. 3 466 HIV-infected patients were included in the follow-up cohort, with a total follow-up of 24 968.59 person-years. The incidence rate of malignant tumors in patients with HIV infection was 658.46 per 100 000 (SIR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.61-2.20). The SIR of malignant tumors showed an upward trend with the increase of time. The results of Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that HIV-infected patients in the age groups of 45-59 and ≥60 years (a HR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.26-5.28; a HR=5.00, 95% CI: 2.38-10.51) were more likely to develop malignant tumors. HIV-infected patients with an educational level of senior high school or above (a HR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.95) and those in the first CD4 +T lymphocyte/CD8 +T lymphocyte count ratio ≥0.5 (a HR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.28-0.97) were less likely to develop malignant tumors. Conclusions:From 2005 to 2023, the incidence of malignant tumors among HIV-infected people in Taizhou was higher than that of the general population, and most of them were non-AIDS-defining malignancies. It is necessary to strengthen the early screening and diagnosis of malignant tumors among HIV-infected patients.

Pelvic radiotherapy is a way for treatment of most pelvic tumors, of which the pelvic insufficiency fracture (PIF) is a long-term complication. In this review, research progress of pelvic insufficiency fracture is summarized and discussed. The pathogenesis of PIF is mainly about inhibition of osteoblasts and the risk factors of PIF include old age, postmenopausal status, absence of hormonal replacement therapy, high number of births, smoking history, low body mass index (BMI), concurrent rheumatoid arthritis, concurrent diabetes mellitus, intracavitary brachytherapy of the high dose rate (HDR-ICBT), high dose of radiotherapy, etc. Effective drugs for prevention or treatment of PIF have not been found yet. Delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of PIF can cause serious consequences. As a result, further studies are needed to guide clinical work.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its effects on lipid metabolism, serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Methods:A total of 84 AIS patients treated in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2017 to January 2020 were enrolled and divided into observation group ( n=42) and control group ( n=42) by random number table method. The control group received conventional treatment, while the observation group received conventional treatment combined with HBOT. The indicators related to lipid metabolism, the levels of serum inflammatory medicators, brain microcirculation, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the levels of the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased, and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased in both groups ( P<0.05); and compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly lower LDL-C level and significantly higher HDL-C level ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly decreased in both groups, and the three indicators in the observation group were all significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The systolic velocity (Vs), diastolic velocity (Vd), and mean velocity (Vm) on the healthy side of carotid artery of the patients in both groups had no significant changes after treatment ( P>0.05), while Vs, Vd, and Vm on the affected side of carotid artery of the patients were significantly increased ( P<0.05), and all of them were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Before treatment, the activity of daily living (ADL) score and clinical neurological function deficit (CNFD) score showed no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, there was an increase in the ADL scores increased and a decrease in CNFD scores decreased in both groups, and the observation group had significant higher ADL scores and CNFD scores than those of the control group [(73.99±11.15) vs. (54.69±12.03), (8.64±2.25) vs. (12.31±2.03); all P<0.05]. Conclusion:HBOT can effectively reduce the lipid metabolism disorders in AIS patients, alleviate their inflammatory response, improve their brain microcirculation, neurological function deficits, and the activity of daily life, so as to ensure the therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the damage mechanism of dopamine cells induced by amphetamine (AMPH). Methods The damage model of dopaminergic cells in mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of AMPH. The mice were randomly grouped into control, saline, amphetamine treatment for 1 day, 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. Each group contained 10 mice. The model of cell injury was established by use of AMPH in PC12 cells. The dopaminergic fibers of corpus striatum and PC12 cells were observed by the immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence method, and changes of proteins in the protein kinase B (Akt) / glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β) / collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2) signal pathway were detected by Western blotting. Results AMPH caused the damage of dopaminergic fibers in the mouse corpus striatum and PC12 cells. Meanwhile, AMPH inhibited Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation levels, and increased phosphorylated CRMP-2 level. Nerve growth factor(NGF), an agonist of Akt, or SB216763, an inhibitor of GSK-3β protected PC12 cells against AMPH-induced toxicity through upregulation of Aat and GSK-3β phosphorylation and downregulated of phosphorylation CRMP-2. Conclusion AMPH causes damage of dopamine cells via inhibition of Akt/ GSK-3β/ CRMP-2 signal pathway.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its effects on lipid metabolism, serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Methods:A total of 84 AIS patients treated in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2017 to January 2020 were enrolled and divided into observation group ( n=42) and control group ( n=42) by random number table method. The control group received conventional treatment, while the observation group received conventional treatment combined with HBOT. The indicators related to lipid metabolism, the levels of serum inflammatory medicators, brain microcirculation, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the levels of the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly decreased, and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased in both groups ( P<0.05); and compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly lower LDL-C level and significantly higher HDL-C level ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly decreased in both groups, and the three indicators in the observation group were all significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The systolic velocity (Vs), diastolic velocity (Vd), and mean velocity (Vm) on the healthy side of carotid artery of the patients in both groups had no significant changes after treatment ( P>0.05), while Vs, Vd, and Vm on the affected side of carotid artery of the patients were significantly increased ( P<0.05), and all of them were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Before treatment, the activity of daily living (ADL) score and clinical neurological function deficit (CNFD) score showed no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, there was an increase in the ADL scores increased and a decrease in CNFD scores decreased in both groups, and the observation group had significant higher ADL scores and CNFD scores than those of the control group [(73.99±11.15) vs. (54.69±12.03), (8.64±2.25) vs. (12.31±2.03); all P<0.05]. Conclusion:HBOT can effectively reduce the lipid metabolism disorders in AIS patients, alleviate their inflammatory response, improve their brain microcirculation, neurological function deficits, and the activity of daily life, so as to ensure the therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the criteria for assessing the clinical therapeutic effect of chronic urticaria in China.Methods The application of criteria for assessing the clinical therapeutic effect of chronic urticaria in China and their applicable scope were analyzed by frequency analysis and K-means clustering analysis, respectively.Results The criteria for assessing symptoms and therapeutic effect were different in the 857 papers included in this study. SSRI was used in 549 (64.17) out of the 857 papers included in this study.K-means clustering analysis showed that the applicable scope of SSRI with curative rate ( 100%≥SSRI>90%) , improvement rate ( 90%≥SSR<60%) , Significant effect rate (60%≥SSRI>20%) , and no response rate (20%≥SSR≥0%) as its criteria was wider than that of frequency analysis.Conclusion The criteria for the clinical assessment of chronic urticaria and its drug treatment effect should be unified and standardized.

Objective Studies on the changes of ? EP, 5-HT, 5-HTR immunoreactive cells in pancreatic islets during experimental gastric ulcer. Methods The immunohistochemical technique was used. Results The numerical densities on area of ? EP, 5-HT, 5-HTR cells in experimental gastric ulcer group were higher than control group on the 4day,10day after operation.The peak of the numerical densities on area of ? EP and 5-HT cells appeared on the 4th day, while the peak of 5-HTR cells as on the 10th day. Part of ? EP, 5-HT,5-HTR immunoreactive material were located in A or B cells neighbourly section. Conclusion The present work proved that the ? EP, 5-HT,5-HTR cells of pancreatic islets were directly or indirectly participated in the regulation balance of endocrine during the self-healing process of the experimental gastric ulcer and here we provided morphological evidence.;

Objective Studies on the changes of gastrin and SS immunoreactive cells in pancreatic islets during experimental gastric ulcer. Methods The immunohistochemical ABC technique was used. Results The gastrin immunoreactive cells were located in most of the pancreatic islet. The mumber of G cells in experimental gastric ulcer group were higher than that of control group on the 4th and 10th day after operation.The D cells raised on the 10th day.Conclusion The present work provides the evidence that the G and D cells of pancreatic islets might be involed in the self-healing process of the experimental gastric ulcer by endocrine or paracrine regulation.