Objective: Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents, and despite the need to distinguish between suicidal consideration and suicide attempts, research focused on suicide attempts remains insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of self-perceived weight on suicide attempts. Methods: This study utilized data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey for its analysis from 2005 to 2023, including a total of 1,156,728 participants. This study utilized various analytical methods to examine the influence of self-perceived weight on suicide attempts. We estimated weighted prevalence and used linear regression to assess temporal trend β coefficients and their differences (βdiff) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and survey-weighted logistic regression to estimate weighted odds ratios (wORs) and 95% CIs for the association between self-perceived weight and suicide attempts. Results: A comparison of suicide attempts based on self-perceived weight suggested that individuals who perceived themselves as overweight (weighted prevalence, 3.97% [95% CI, 3.89 to 4.04]) had the highest rate of suicide attempts, followed by those who perceived themselves as underweight (3.36% [95% CI, 3.28 to 3.44]), while those who perceived themselves as having a normal weight (3.20% [95% CI, 3.14 to 3.27]) had the lowest rate. Additionally, females (underweight: 4.47% [95% CI, 4.32 to 4.62]; normal weight: 3.91% [95% CI, 3.81 to 4.01]; overweight: 5.23% [5.11 to 5.35]) experienced more suicide attempts than males (underweight: 2.73% [95% CI, 2.65 to 2.82]; normal weight: 2.43% [95% CI, 2.35 to 2.51]; overweight: 2.60% [95% CI, 2.52 to 2.69]). Conclusion Findings from the present study suggest that self-perceived weight was associated with suicide attempts and interaction analyses indicated a potential sex-based difference in the impact of body image distortion. Therefore, this study suggests the introduction of programs and campaigns aimed at correcting distorted self-perceived weight.

Background: Although excessive physical activity (PA) does not always confer additional health benefits, there is a paucity of studies that have quantitatively examined the doseresponse relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the type 2 diabetes prevalence and intensity, frequency, and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) score of PA in a large population sample. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional analysis examining sociodemographic variables, PA habits, and type 2 diabetes prevalence in 2,428,448 participants included in the Korea Community Health Survey. The non-linear association between MET score and odds ratios (ORs) for type 2 diabetes prevalence was plotted using a weighted generalized additive model. Categorical analysis was used to examine the joint association of moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), and the influence of PA frequency. Results: MET score and diabetes prevalence revealed a non-linear association with the nadir at 1,028 MET-min/week, beyond which ORs increased with additional PA. Joint analysis of MPA and VPA showed the lowest OR of 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.84) for those engaging in 300–600 MET-min/week of MPA and > 600 MET-min/week of VPA concurrently, corresponding with World Health Organization recommendations. Additionally, both “weekend warriors” and “regularly active” individuals showed lower ORs compared to the inactive, although no significant difference was noted between the active groups. Conclusion In a large South Korean sample, higher PA is not always associated with a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes, as the association follows a non-linear pattern; differences existed across sociodemographic variables. Considering the joint association, an adequate combination of MPA and VPA is recommended. The frequency of PA does not significantly influence the type 2 diabetes prevalence.

Purpose: Debriefing after simulation-based healthcare education (SBHE) is challenging. Educators’ debriefing skills are essential to the success of learning. For debriefing skill training, we designed a simulation course with the standardized learner (SL) through video conference. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation process of the SL simulation course and evaluate its effectiveness on educators’ self-confidence and debriefing skills. Methods: This simulation course involved six trainees and two trainers. After watching a 5-minute sample video of SBHE, each trainee conducted their role as a debriefer in this video and the trainer acted as a learner (SL) in this video. Following each simulation, individual feedback by the trainer was immediately implemented. To evaluate the course’s effectiveness, trainees’ self-confidence questionnaire was collected, and objective structured assessment of debriefing (OSAD) scores were evaluated. Results: After completing five SL simulation sessions in 2 weeks, the trainees’ self-confidence level and OSAD scores improved significantly (estimate=0.114, standard error=0.020, p<0.001, and p=0.006). Conclusion This debriefer training course using SL simulation via video conference could improve self-confidence and debriefing skills of trainees. This SL simulation can be used as a new and flexible method for training debriefers.

Purpose: Debriefing after simulation-based healthcare education (SBHE) is challenging. Educators’ debriefing skills are essential to the success of learning. For debriefing skill training, we designed a simulation course with the standardized learner (SL) through video conference. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation process of the SL simulation course and evaluate its effectiveness on educators’ self-confidence and debriefing skills. Methods: This simulation course involved six trainees and two trainers. After watching a 5-minute sample video of SBHE, each trainee conducted their role as a debriefer in this video and the trainer acted as a learner (SL) in this video. Following each simulation, individual feedback by the trainer was immediately implemented. To evaluate the course’s effectiveness, trainees’ self-confidence questionnaire was collected, and objective structured assessment of debriefing (OSAD) scores were evaluated. Results: After completing five SL simulation sessions in 2 weeks, the trainees’ self-confidence level and OSAD scores improved significantly (estimate=0.114, standard error=0.020, p<0.001, and p=0.006). Conclusion This debriefer training course using SL simulation via video conference could improve self-confidence and debriefing skills of trainees. This SL simulation can be used as a new and flexible method for training debriefers.

Background: Although excessive physical activity (PA) does not always confer additional health benefits, there is a paucity of studies that have quantitatively examined the doseresponse relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the type 2 diabetes prevalence and intensity, frequency, and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) score of PA in a large population sample. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional analysis examining sociodemographic variables, PA habits, and type 2 diabetes prevalence in 2,428,448 participants included in the Korea Community Health Survey. The non-linear association between MET score and odds ratios (ORs) for type 2 diabetes prevalence was plotted using a weighted generalized additive model. Categorical analysis was used to examine the joint association of moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), and the influence of PA frequency. Results: MET score and diabetes prevalence revealed a non-linear association with the nadir at 1,028 MET-min/week, beyond which ORs increased with additional PA. Joint analysis of MPA and VPA showed the lowest OR of 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.84) for those engaging in 300–600 MET-min/week of MPA and > 600 MET-min/week of VPA concurrently, corresponding with World Health Organization recommendations. Additionally, both “weekend warriors” and “regularly active” individuals showed lower ORs compared to the inactive, although no significant difference was noted between the active groups. Conclusion In a large South Korean sample, higher PA is not always associated with a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes, as the association follows a non-linear pattern; differences existed across sociodemographic variables. Considering the joint association, an adequate combination of MPA and VPA is recommended. The frequency of PA does not significantly influence the type 2 diabetes prevalence.

Background: Although excessive physical activity (PA) does not always confer additional health benefits, there is a paucity of studies that have quantitatively examined the doseresponse relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the type 2 diabetes prevalence and intensity, frequency, and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) score of PA in a large population sample. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional analysis examining sociodemographic variables, PA habits, and type 2 diabetes prevalence in 2,428,448 participants included in the Korea Community Health Survey. The non-linear association between MET score and odds ratios (ORs) for type 2 diabetes prevalence was plotted using a weighted generalized additive model. Categorical analysis was used to examine the joint association of moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), and the influence of PA frequency. Results: MET score and diabetes prevalence revealed a non-linear association with the nadir at 1,028 MET-min/week, beyond which ORs increased with additional PA. Joint analysis of MPA and VPA showed the lowest OR of 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.84) for those engaging in 300–600 MET-min/week of MPA and > 600 MET-min/week of VPA concurrently, corresponding with World Health Organization recommendations. Additionally, both “weekend warriors” and “regularly active” individuals showed lower ORs compared to the inactive, although no significant difference was noted between the active groups. Conclusion In a large South Korean sample, higher PA is not always associated with a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes, as the association follows a non-linear pattern; differences existed across sociodemographic variables. Considering the joint association, an adequate combination of MPA and VPA is recommended. The frequency of PA does not significantly influence the type 2 diabetes prevalence.

Purpose: Debriefing after simulation-based healthcare education (SBHE) is challenging. Educators’ debriefing skills are essential to the success of learning. For debriefing skill training, we designed a simulation course with the standardized learner (SL) through video conference. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation process of the SL simulation course and evaluate its effectiveness on educators’ self-confidence and debriefing skills. Methods: This simulation course involved six trainees and two trainers. After watching a 5-minute sample video of SBHE, each trainee conducted their role as a debriefer in this video and the trainer acted as a learner (SL) in this video. Following each simulation, individual feedback by the trainer was immediately implemented. To evaluate the course’s effectiveness, trainees’ self-confidence questionnaire was collected, and objective structured assessment of debriefing (OSAD) scores were evaluated. Results: After completing five SL simulation sessions in 2 weeks, the trainees’ self-confidence level and OSAD scores improved significantly (estimate=0.114, standard error=0.020, p<0.001, and p=0.006). Conclusion This debriefer training course using SL simulation via video conference could improve self-confidence and debriefing skills of trainees. This SL simulation can be used as a new and flexible method for training debriefers.

Background: Although excessive physical activity (PA) does not always confer additional health benefits, there is a paucity of studies that have quantitatively examined the doseresponse relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the type 2 diabetes prevalence and intensity, frequency, and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) score of PA in a large population sample. Methods: We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional analysis examining sociodemographic variables, PA habits, and type 2 diabetes prevalence in 2,428,448 participants included in the Korea Community Health Survey. The non-linear association between MET score and odds ratios (ORs) for type 2 diabetes prevalence was plotted using a weighted generalized additive model. Categorical analysis was used to examine the joint association of moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), and the influence of PA frequency. Results: MET score and diabetes prevalence revealed a non-linear association with the nadir at 1,028 MET-min/week, beyond which ORs increased with additional PA. Joint analysis of MPA and VPA showed the lowest OR of 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.84) for those engaging in 300–600 MET-min/week of MPA and > 600 MET-min/week of VPA concurrently, corresponding with World Health Organization recommendations. Additionally, both “weekend warriors” and “regularly active” individuals showed lower ORs compared to the inactive, although no significant difference was noted between the active groups. Conclusion In a large South Korean sample, higher PA is not always associated with a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes, as the association follows a non-linear pattern; differences existed across sociodemographic variables. Considering the joint association, an adequate combination of MPA and VPA is recommended. The frequency of PA does not significantly influence the type 2 diabetes prevalence.

Purpose: Debriefing after simulation-based healthcare education (SBHE) is challenging. Educators’ debriefing skills are essential to the success of learning. For debriefing skill training, we designed a simulation course with the standardized learner (SL) through video conference. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation process of the SL simulation course and evaluate its effectiveness on educators’ self-confidence and debriefing skills. Methods: This simulation course involved six trainees and two trainers. After watching a 5-minute sample video of SBHE, each trainee conducted their role as a debriefer in this video and the trainer acted as a learner (SL) in this video. Following each simulation, individual feedback by the trainer was immediately implemented. To evaluate the course’s effectiveness, trainees’ self-confidence questionnaire was collected, and objective structured assessment of debriefing (OSAD) scores were evaluated. Results: After completing five SL simulation sessions in 2 weeks, the trainees’ self-confidence level and OSAD scores improved significantly (estimate=0.114, standard error=0.020, p<0.001, and p=0.006). Conclusion This debriefer training course using SL simulation via video conference could improve self-confidence and debriefing skills of trainees. This SL simulation can be used as a new and flexible method for training debriefers.

Background/Aims: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection highly correlates with erythematous/exudative gastritis, which is one of the endoscopic findings of the Sydney classification system. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between endoscopic severity of erythematous/exudative gastritis and H. pylori infection. Methods: We prospectively enrolled asymptomatic adults who were diagnosed with erythematous/exudative gastritis during screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy. A rapid urease test was performed in all participants to diagnose H. pylori infection. The severity of erythematous/exudative gastritis was determined based on the Sydney classification system. Two investigators independently evaluated the endoscopic findings. The primary endpoint was H. pylori infection rate according to the severity of erythematous/exudative gastritis (mild vs. moderate-to-severe). Results: A total of 177 patients with erythematous/exudative gastritis were included. The rate of H. pyloriinfection was 86.4% in all patients. Of 177 included patients, 78 were at mild degree, 48 were at moderate degree, and 51 were at severe degree. The inter-observer variation was 4.6% and kappa value was 0.593. H. pylori infection rate was similar between patients with mild erythematous/exudative gastritis and those with moderate-to-severe erythematous/exudative gastritis (91.0% vs. 82.8%, p=0.115). Even after adjusting potential confounding variables, the severity of erythematous/exudative gastritis was not associated with H. pylori infection rate. Conclusions H. pylori infection is commonly observed in patients with erythematous/exudative gastritis. However, the severity of erythematous/exudative gastritis is not associated with H. pylori infection rate.