An adult male dog was presented for hemorrhagic pericardial effusion. Echocardiography and computed tomography revealed nodule-like lesions on the pericardium. Cytology of pericardial effusion and excisional pericardial lesions indicated neoplastic effusion. Histopathology indicated an inflamed neoplasm with a primary differential diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma and malignant mesothelioma (MM). Immunohistochemistry showed that atypical cells were positive for cytokeratin and vimentin, but negative for CD31, strongly favoring pericardial MM. Postoperative NT-proBNP level remained increased, which led to the administration of epirubicin to minimize potential cardiotoxicity. During the 4 cycles of epirubicin treatment, a total cumulative dose of 108 mg/m ² was administrated and no effusion recurrence was observed. After a month post-completion of chemotherapy, however, pleural effusion was detected with cardiac masses. The owner requested no further diagnostic investigations and chemotherapy. Due to deteriorating conditions, the dog died 132 days after the first presentation. Our case is the first notable attempt to treat canine malignant mesothelioma with epirubicin, providing the clinicopathologic, diagnostic routine, and clinical course of the affected dog.

Secondary degeneration after ischemic stroke has been demonstrated by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. We report a 77-year-old man with striatal infarction followed by multifocal degeneration that developed in a stepwise manner at the ipsilateral substantia nigra and thalamus on diffusion-weighted images obtained at 4 weeks, 6 weeks and 20 weeks after onset. We also review the underlying pathophysiology and its clinical meanings.
Aged ; Cerebral Infarction ; Humans ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Stroke ; Substantia Nigra ; Thalamus

OBJECTIVES: Endobronchial anthracofibrotic pigmentation, which presents as dark black or brown pigmentation mucosal changes of multiple bronchi combined with bronchial fibrosis and obstruction, is not a rare finding when performing diagnostic bronchoscopy for Koreans. This study was performed to define the clinical characteristics and to determine the association of these finding with the Korean life style and such other diseases as coal workers, pneumoconiosis or tuberculosis in the patients with anthracofibrotic pigmentation. METHODS: This retrospective analysis was conducted on 70 (5.2%) patients with endobronchial anthracofibrotic pigmentation, among a total of 1340 patients who underwent bronchoscopy. The distinctive clinical features, the personal life style, the past medical history, the histology and microbiology, the radiologic finding and the natures of the bronchoscopic lesions were analyzed. RESULTS: This mean age of the patients with anthracofibrotic pigmentation was 60.6+/-9.2 year old and the male to female ratio was 1:1.7. The common respiratory symptoms of these patients were coughing and sputum (81%, 57/70), and this was followed in order by dyspnea and hemoptysisir. The symptoms were not related with smoking and an occupational history such as being a coal worker and so on. Pneumonia was most common finding on the radiologic studies. On bronchoscopy, the right middle lobe bronchus was most commonly involved. The most common associated disease was tuberculosis, and 40 cases (57.1%) were diagnosed by AFB staining, TB PCR, bronchoscopic guided tissue biopsy and a past history of tuberculosis. Other diseases related with anthracotic pigmentation were hypertension, diabetes, COPD, lung cancer, pneumoconiosis and asthma. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that endobronchial anthracofibrotic pigmentation was mostly related with pulmonary tuberculosis rather than with coal- related disease. Endobronchial anthracofibrotic pigmentation was more prevalent in older age females in Korea.
Asthma ; Biopsy ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy ; Coal ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Life Style ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Pigmentation* ; Pneumoconiosis ; Pneumonia ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Retrospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary