Excessive wear of the teeth, which causes functional, aesthetic problems, or sensitivity symptoms, is referred to as pathological wear. If this leads to the collapse of occlusion, extensive restoration is necessary to restore function and aesthetics.When restoring pathologically worn dentition, it is essential to identify the cause of the wear before determining treatment plan to get a favorable prognosis. In this case, a patient exhibited severe tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension and clinical, radiographic examination, and medical history indicated the pathological wear caused by a combination of factors. Consequently, full-mouth rehabilitation was indicated and the vertical occlusal height was determined considering the appropriate restorative space. Based on the causes of the wear, the restoration method, materials, and occlusal pattern were selected and successfully restored to normal occlusal state through full-mouth rehabilitation with zirconia full-veneered crowns.

Excessive wear of the teeth, which causes functional, aesthetic problems, or sensitivity symptoms, is referred to as pathological wear. If this leads to the collapse of occlusion, extensive restoration is necessary to restore function and aesthetics.When restoring pathologically worn dentition, it is essential to identify the cause of the wear before determining treatment plan to get a favorable prognosis. In this case, a patient exhibited severe tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension and clinical, radiographic examination, and medical history indicated the pathological wear caused by a combination of factors. Consequently, full-mouth rehabilitation was indicated and the vertical occlusal height was determined considering the appropriate restorative space. Based on the causes of the wear, the restoration method, materials, and occlusal pattern were selected and successfully restored to normal occlusal state through full-mouth rehabilitation with zirconia full-veneered crowns.

Excessive wear of the teeth, which causes functional, aesthetic problems, or sensitivity symptoms, is referred to as pathological wear. If this leads to the collapse of occlusion, extensive restoration is necessary to restore function and aesthetics.When restoring pathologically worn dentition, it is essential to identify the cause of the wear before determining treatment plan to get a favorable prognosis. In this case, a patient exhibited severe tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension and clinical, radiographic examination, and medical history indicated the pathological wear caused by a combination of factors. Consequently, full-mouth rehabilitation was indicated and the vertical occlusal height was determined considering the appropriate restorative space. Based on the causes of the wear, the restoration method, materials, and occlusal pattern were selected and successfully restored to normal occlusal state through full-mouth rehabilitation with zirconia full-veneered crowns.

Excessive wear of the teeth, which causes functional, aesthetic problems, or sensitivity symptoms, is referred to as pathological wear. If this leads to the collapse of occlusion, extensive restoration is necessary to restore function and aesthetics.When restoring pathologically worn dentition, it is essential to identify the cause of the wear before determining treatment plan to get a favorable prognosis. In this case, a patient exhibited severe tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension and clinical, radiographic examination, and medical history indicated the pathological wear caused by a combination of factors. Consequently, full-mouth rehabilitation was indicated and the vertical occlusal height was determined considering the appropriate restorative space. Based on the causes of the wear, the restoration method, materials, and occlusal pattern were selected and successfully restored to normal occlusal state through full-mouth rehabilitation with zirconia full-veneered crowns.

Excessive wear of the teeth, which causes functional, aesthetic problems, or sensitivity symptoms, is referred to as pathological wear. If this leads to the collapse of occlusion, extensive restoration is necessary to restore function and aesthetics.When restoring pathologically worn dentition, it is essential to identify the cause of the wear before determining treatment plan to get a favorable prognosis. In this case, a patient exhibited severe tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension and clinical, radiographic examination, and medical history indicated the pathological wear caused by a combination of factors. Consequently, full-mouth rehabilitation was indicated and the vertical occlusal height was determined considering the appropriate restorative space. Based on the causes of the wear, the restoration method, materials, and occlusal pattern were selected and successfully restored to normal occlusal state through full-mouth rehabilitation with zirconia full-veneered crowns.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) needs careful differentiation from other cardiomyopathies. Current guidelines recommend genetic testing, but genetic data on differential diagnoses and their relation with clinical outcomes in HCM are still lacking.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of genetic variants and the proportion of other cardiomyopathies in patients with suspected HCM in Korea and compare the outcomes of HCM according to the presence of sarcomere gene mutation. Methods: We enrolled 1,554 patients with suspected HCM having left ventricular hypertrophy on transthoracic echocardiography between April 2012 and February 2023. Patients who declined genetic testing or who had pure apical HCM without a familial history were excluded. Genetic testing was performed using a next-generation sequencing panel or wholeexome sequencing for cardiomyopathies. We performed cardiovascular magnetic resonance if the diagnosis was inconclusive. Genotype-positive HCM was defined as sarcomere gene mutations of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. Adverse clinical outcomes were defined as a composite of all-cause death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, heart failure-related admission, appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks, and stroke. Results: Of 492 patients (mean age 49.6 ± 14.7 years, 29.4% women) who underwent genetic testing, 214 (43.5%) had disease-causing gene mutations. After combining gene tests, multi-imaging modality, and clinical information, 447 (90.9%) had HCM, and 27 (5.5%) had Fabry disease. Among the HCM patients, 182 (40.7%) were genotype-positive, and 265 (59.3%) were genotype-negative. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis showed that genotype-positive HCM patients experienced more composite outcomes (log-rank, P < 0.001). In multivariable Cox analysis, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–3.12; P = 0.010), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% (HR, 5.50; 95% CI, 2.68–11.27; P < 0.001), LA reservoir strain (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.99;P = 0.037), and positive sarcomere gene mutation (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.04–2.78; P = 0.034) were significantly association with composite outcomes. Sarcomere gene mutation had incremental value for predicting adverse outcomes added on NSVT and LVEF < 50%. Conclusion Genetic testing is helpful in diagnosing HCM, and sarcomere gene mutations in HCM are significantly associated with clinical outcomes.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) needs careful differentiation from other cardiomyopathies. Current guidelines recommend genetic testing, but genetic data on differential diagnoses and their relation with clinical outcomes in HCM are still lacking.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of genetic variants and the proportion of other cardiomyopathies in patients with suspected HCM in Korea and compare the outcomes of HCM according to the presence of sarcomere gene mutation. Methods: We enrolled 1,554 patients with suspected HCM having left ventricular hypertrophy on transthoracic echocardiography between April 2012 and February 2023. Patients who declined genetic testing or who had pure apical HCM without a familial history were excluded. Genetic testing was performed using a next-generation sequencing panel or wholeexome sequencing for cardiomyopathies. We performed cardiovascular magnetic resonance if the diagnosis was inconclusive. Genotype-positive HCM was defined as sarcomere gene mutations of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. Adverse clinical outcomes were defined as a composite of all-cause death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, heart failure-related admission, appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks, and stroke. Results: Of 492 patients (mean age 49.6 ± 14.7 years, 29.4% women) who underwent genetic testing, 214 (43.5%) had disease-causing gene mutations. After combining gene tests, multi-imaging modality, and clinical information, 447 (90.9%) had HCM, and 27 (5.5%) had Fabry disease. Among the HCM patients, 182 (40.7%) were genotype-positive, and 265 (59.3%) were genotype-negative. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis showed that genotype-positive HCM patients experienced more composite outcomes (log-rank, P < 0.001). In multivariable Cox analysis, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–3.12; P = 0.010), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% (HR, 5.50; 95% CI, 2.68–11.27; P < 0.001), LA reservoir strain (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93–0.99;P = 0.037), and positive sarcomere gene mutation (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.04–2.78; P = 0.034) were significantly association with composite outcomes. Sarcomere gene mutation had incremental value for predicting adverse outcomes added on NSVT and LVEF < 50%. Conclusion Genetic testing is helpful in diagnosing HCM, and sarcomere gene mutations in HCM are significantly associated with clinical outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and survival outcomes of ovarian carcinosarcoma in Korea between 1999 and 2018. Methods: Patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinosarcoma between 1999 and 2018 were identified from the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and their information was collected. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs), annual percent changes (APC), and relative survival rates of ovarian carcinosarcoma were calculated and compared to those of epithelial ovarian cancer. Results: According to the KCCR, 458 cases of ovarian carcinosarcoma were detected, and accounted for 1.5% (458/30,679) of all epithelial ovarian cancers in Korea between 1999 and 2018. The ASR of ovarian carcinosarcoma between 1999 and 2018 was 0.064 per 100,000 women. The incidence rate of ovarian carcinosarcoma increased during the study period, with an ASR of 0.029 per 100,000 in 1999 and 0.073 per 100,000 in 2018. The APC of ovarian carcinosarcoma during 1999–2018 was 5.86 (p<0.001). The median overall survival (OS) of patients with ovarian carcinosarcoma was 39 months, and the 5-year OS rate was 42.5%.Among ovarian carcinosarcomas, patients with localized stages showed better clinical outcomes than those with regional or distant stages (5-year OS, 60.8%, 57.9%, and 32.8%, respectively; p<0.001). In addition, younger (<50 years) patients showed better OS than older (≥50 years) patients (5-year OS, 52.6% vs. 40.2%; p<0.001). Conclusion Our nationwide registry-based study demonstrated that the incidence of ovarian carcinosarcoma increased from 1999 to 2018 in Korea. Patients with advanced-stage disease and older age (≥50 years) had poorer survival outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate trends in the incidence and survival outcomes of endometrial cancer (EC) based on the year of diagnosis, stage, age, and histologic types. Methods: Women with primary EC diagnosed between 1999 and 2018, and who were followed up with until 2019, were identified from the Korea Central Cancer Registry using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision. The age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, annual percent changes (APCs), and survival were estimated according to age, stage, histology, and year of diagnosis. Results: The ASR for EC increased from 2.38 per 100,000 in 1999 to 7.29 per 100,000 in 2018 across all histologic types (APCs of 9.82, 15.97, and 7.73 for endometrioid, serous, and clear cell, respectively, p<0.001). There were significant differences in the 5-year survival rates based on histology (90.9%, 55.0%, and 68.5% for endometrioid, serous, and clear cell, respectively, p<0.001), stage (93.4%, 77.0%, and 31.0% for localized, regional, and distant, respectively, p<0.001), and age (93.0% for <50 years and 80.6% for ≥50 years, p<0.001). The 5-year survival was significantly better in the group diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 (85.9%) than that in the 1999–2008 group (83.3%) (p<0.001). This trend was only observed for endometrioid cancer (p<0.001). Conclusion The incidence of EC increased across the all 3 subtypes. Survival of patients with endometrioid histology improved over the past two decades, but remained static for serous or clear cell histology. Healthcare strategies to prevent EC incidence in at-risk populations and apply effective treatments for high-risk histology are needed.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and survival outcomes of ovarian carcinosarcoma in Korea between 1999 and 2018. Methods: Patients diagnosed with ovarian carcinosarcoma between 1999 and 2018 were identified from the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) and their information was collected. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs), annual percent changes (APC), and relative survival rates of ovarian carcinosarcoma were calculated and compared to those of epithelial ovarian cancer. Results: According to the KCCR, 458 cases of ovarian carcinosarcoma were detected, and accounted for 1.5% (458/30,679) of all epithelial ovarian cancers in Korea between 1999 and 2018. The ASR of ovarian carcinosarcoma between 1999 and 2018 was 0.064 per 100,000 women. The incidence rate of ovarian carcinosarcoma increased during the study period, with an ASR of 0.029 per 100,000 in 1999 and 0.073 per 100,000 in 2018. The APC of ovarian carcinosarcoma during 1999–2018 was 5.86 (p<0.001). The median overall survival (OS) of patients with ovarian carcinosarcoma was 39 months, and the 5-year OS rate was 42.5%.Among ovarian carcinosarcomas, patients with localized stages showed better clinical outcomes than those with regional or distant stages (5-year OS, 60.8%, 57.9%, and 32.8%, respectively; p<0.001). In addition, younger (<50 years) patients showed better OS than older (≥50 years) patients (5-year OS, 52.6% vs. 40.2%; p<0.001). Conclusion Our nationwide registry-based study demonstrated that the incidence of ovarian carcinosarcoma increased from 1999 to 2018 in Korea. Patients with advanced-stage disease and older age (≥50 years) had poorer survival outcomes.