Objective To control the stepwise release of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)within the microcapsules,and to analyze the effects of the microcapsules on cellular angiogenic capability.Methods VEGF-A encapsulated poly(lactic-co-gly-colic acid)(PLGA)microcapsules were prepared using a method combining dual-channel coaxial injection and continuous flow technol-ogy.The release and degradation performance of the microcapsules were characterized using a phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)soaking method.The biocompatibility of the microcapsules was assessed through the CCK-8 method and Calcein-AM/PI staining method.The impact of microcapsule extract on cellular angiogenesis ability was examined by conducting cell scratch assays and tubule formation ex-periments.Results The microcapsules were round in shape,with their particle diameter measuring in the range of hundreds of mi-crometers.Microcapsules with a molecular weight(Mw)-12 ku can release a large amount of VEGF-A in the initial phase,while Mw-30 ku ones had the capacity to provide a stable,long-term,low-dose release of VEGF-A.Microcapsules of Mw-12 ku exhibited outstanding potential for enhancing the healing of cell scratch wounds in the initial phase.Moreover,within the 0-12 day period,the two types of microcapsule extracts significantly enhanced the ability of cells to form tubules in vitro.Conclusion This study successfully regulated the release profile of VEGF-A by adjusting the molecular weight of PLGA,achieving an initial rapid and substantial release of VEGF-A followed by a sustained slow release over time,while maintaining its biological activity throughout the process.

Objective To control the stepwise release of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGF-A)within the microcapsules,and to analyze the effects of the microcapsules on cellular angiogenic capability.Methods VEGF-A encapsulated poly(lactic-co-gly-colic acid)(PLGA)microcapsules were prepared using a method combining dual-channel coaxial injection and continuous flow technol-ogy.The release and degradation performance of the microcapsules were characterized using a phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)soaking method.The biocompatibility of the microcapsules was assessed through the CCK-8 method and Calcein-AM/PI staining method.The impact of microcapsule extract on cellular angiogenesis ability was examined by conducting cell scratch assays and tubule formation ex-periments.Results The microcapsules were round in shape,with their particle diameter measuring in the range of hundreds of mi-crometers.Microcapsules with a molecular weight(Mw)-12 ku can release a large amount of VEGF-A in the initial phase,while Mw-30 ku ones had the capacity to provide a stable,long-term,low-dose release of VEGF-A.Microcapsules of Mw-12 ku exhibited outstanding potential for enhancing the healing of cell scratch wounds in the initial phase.Moreover,within the 0-12 day period,the two types of microcapsule extracts significantly enhanced the ability of cells to form tubules in vitro.Conclusion This study successfully regulated the release profile of VEGF-A by adjusting the molecular weight of PLGA,achieving an initial rapid and substantial release of VEGF-A followed by a sustained slow release over time,while maintaining its biological activity throughout the process.

Objective To investigate the changes in serum HP and ADMA levels in patients with ACI and the correlation of their levels with recanalization after venous thrombolysis and poor prognosis.Methods A total of 260 ACI patients undergoing venous thrombolysis in our hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively recruited,and were categorized into reper-fusion group(n=196)and non-reperfusion group(n=64)based on the efficacy of thrombolysis.After a 90-day follow-up,they were further divided into good prognosis group(n=159)and poor prognosis group(n=101)according to the results of a modified Rankin scale.Serum levels of HP and ADMA at admission were compared between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for non-reperfusion and poor prognosis in ACI patients.ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive value of serum HP and ADMA levels for non-reperfusion and the diagnostic efficiency for poor prognosis in ACI patients.Results The non-reperfusion group exhibited notably elevated serum HP and ADMA levels than the reperfusion group(2.10±0.21 g/Lvs1.29±0.31 g/L,1.68±0.19 μmol/L vs 0.69±0.11 μmol/L,P＜0.01).HP and ADMA were identified as significant risk factors for uncanalization after treatment(P＜0.01).The AUC value of their combination in diagnosing uncanalization after venous thrombolys-is was 0.869(95％CI:0.830-0.908).Furthermore,significantly higher serum levels of HP and ADMA were observed in the poor prognosis group than the good prognosis group(2.27±0.19 g/L vs 1.15±0.34 g/L,1.72±0.21 μmol/L vs 0.64±0.10 μmol/L,P＜0.01).HP and ADMA were also recognized as influencing factors for poor prognosis in 90 d after treatment(P＜0.01).The AUC value was 0.816(95％CI:0.768-0.865)when their combination was used to predict poor prognosis in 90 d after treatment.Conclusion HP and ADMA are highly expressed in the se-rum of ACI patients with failed venous thrombolysis and poor prognosis.Their combined detec-tion can effectively predict both uncanalization and poor prognosis.