Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.

Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.

Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.

Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.

Monotropein is a compound classified into iridoid which is found in herbaceous plants Morindae officinalis. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-osteoarthritic activities. Previous study indicates that monotropein may have the potential to combat cardiovascular disease, although the related mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we constructed the model of atherosclerosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein-induced vascular smooth muscle cells and LDLR –/–mice given high-fat diet to investigate the effects of monotropein on atherosclerosis.Our results showed that monotropein treatment significantly reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques and necrotic cores in mice, inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, and reduced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, which in turn alleviated atherosclerosis. In addition, we found that monotropein reduced the expression levels of P-NF-κB and P-AP-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that monotropein inhibited the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating the activity of NF-κB, AP-1, reducing the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and thus resisting the development of atherosclerosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacious therapeutic impact of monotropein on atherosclerosis and elucidate its specific target.

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI features of giant cell reparative granuloma(GCRG)in lateral skull base.Methods The CT,MRI and clinicopathological data of 8 patients with GCRG in lateral skull base were collected and analyzed.Results All of the eight lesions were unilateral and solitary(three on the left side and five on the right side),with widespread involvement affecting two or more bony structures of the lateral skull base.All lesions showed expansile and lytic bone destruction on CT scans,the margins were clear(7/8),and the sclerotic changes could be seen at the margin of all eight lesions.On MRI,the lesions revealed heterogeneous isointense and hypointense on T1WI,and heterogeneous hypointense with focal cystic changes on T2WI,without fluid-fluid levels.The enhanced scan showed heterogeneous enhancement.Seven cases extended to the middle cranial fossa,caused com-pression of the temporal lobe brain tissue,with thickened and strengthened adjacent meninges.Conclusion The GCRG in lateral skull base has certain characteristic appearances on CT and MRI;understanding these characteristic manifestations can provide a basis for accurate diagnosis.

Objective·To investigate the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of mouse mandibular osteoblasts on B cell differentiation and development.Methods·Single-cell suspensions from mouse mandibular bone were prepared using an optimized enzymatic digestion method and induced to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro.Osteogenic potential was validated by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)staining,and alizarin red S(ARS)staining.The spatial localization relationship between osteoblasts and B cells in mandibular tissues was examined via immunofluorescence staining.High-purity hematopoietic progenitor cells were isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting.A Transwell co-culture system was established to assess the regulatory effects of different osteoblast concentrations(5×104,2.5×105,and 5×105 cells/well)on B cell differentiation(5×104 cells/well).Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were employed to evaluate B cell viability and differentiation.Additionally,RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression of osteoblast-secreted factors associated with B cell development during osteogenic differentiation.Results·Mandibular osteoblasts exhibited robust osteogenic potential,as confirmed by ALP/ARS staining and high expression of osteogenic markers(Runx2,Osx,Ocn,and Alp)via RT-qPCR.Immunofluorescence revealed close spatial proximity between osteoblasts and B cells in mandibular tissues.In the co-culture system,osteoblasts promoted B cell differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner.RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence demonstrated that osteoblasts significantly upregulated key genes involved in B cell development(Ebf1,Rag1,Il7r,and Pax5;all P<0.001).Furthermore,osteoblast-derived factors(Il7,Baff,and Flt3l)were markedly elevated during osteogenic differentiation(all P<0.05).Conclusion·Mandibular osteoblasts enhance B cell differentiation and development in a concentration-dependent manner,likely through secreting growth factors that upregulate critical B cell differentiation genes.

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI features of giant cell reparative granuloma(GCRG)in lateral skull base.Methods The CT,MRI and clinicopathological data of 8 patients with GCRG in lateral skull base were collected and analyzed.Results All of the eight lesions were unilateral and solitary(three on the left side and five on the right side),with widespread involvement affecting two or more bony structures of the lateral skull base.All lesions showed expansile and lytic bone destruction on CT scans,the margins were clear(7/8),and the sclerotic changes could be seen at the margin of all eight lesions.On MRI,the lesions revealed heterogeneous isointense and hypointense on T1WI,and heterogeneous hypointense with focal cystic changes on T2WI,without fluid-fluid levels.The enhanced scan showed heterogeneous enhancement.Seven cases extended to the middle cranial fossa,caused com-pression of the temporal lobe brain tissue,with thickened and strengthened adjacent meninges.Conclusion The GCRG in lateral skull base has certain characteristic appearances on CT and MRI;understanding these characteristic manifestations can provide a basis for accurate diagnosis.

Objective·To investigate the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of mouse mandibular osteoblasts on B cell differentiation and development.Methods·Single-cell suspensions from mouse mandibular bone were prepared using an optimized enzymatic digestion method and induced to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro.Osteogenic potential was validated by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)staining,and alizarin red S(ARS)staining.The spatial localization relationship between osteoblasts and B cells in mandibular tissues was examined via immunofluorescence staining.High-purity hematopoietic progenitor cells were isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting.A Transwell co-culture system was established to assess the regulatory effects of different osteoblast concentrations(5×104,2.5×105,and 5×105 cells/well)on B cell differentiation(5×104 cells/well).Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were employed to evaluate B cell viability and differentiation.Additionally,RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression of osteoblast-secreted factors associated with B cell development during osteogenic differentiation.Results·Mandibular osteoblasts exhibited robust osteogenic potential,as confirmed by ALP/ARS staining and high expression of osteogenic markers(Runx2,Osx,Ocn,and Alp)via RT-qPCR.Immunofluorescence revealed close spatial proximity between osteoblasts and B cells in mandibular tissues.In the co-culture system,osteoblasts promoted B cell differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner.RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence demonstrated that osteoblasts significantly upregulated key genes involved in B cell development(Ebf1,Rag1,Il7r,and Pax5;all P<0.001).Furthermore,osteoblast-derived factors(Il7,Baff,and Flt3l)were markedly elevated during osteogenic differentiation(all P<0.05).Conclusion·Mandibular osteoblasts enhance B cell differentiation and development in a concentration-dependent manner,likely through secreting growth factors that upregulate critical B cell differentiation genes.

Objective To explore the clinical effect and safety of remimazolam combined with alfentanil in painless gastroenteroscopy in elderly patients.Methods 188 elderly patients who were scheduled to undergo painless gastroenteroscopy from October 2021 to February 2023 were selected and divided into group A,group B,group C,and group D by random number table method,with 47 cases in each group.The group A,group B and group C were used remimazolam 0.2,0.3 and 0.4 mg/kg,and alfentanil 3 μg/kg respectively,and the remimazolam 2.5 mg/time was added during the operation.The group D was used propofol 1.5 mg/kg and alfentanil 3 μg/kg,and a single dose of propofol 0.5 mg/kg was added during the operation.The hemodynamics at different time points[3 min before anesthesia administration(T0),immediately after endoscopy(T1),3 min after endoscopy(T2),at the end of examination(T3),at the time of awakening(T4)],anesthesia onset time,sedation success rate,gastrointestinal endoscopy time,awakening time,time to leave the observation room and intraoperative/postoperative complications were compared,and the test results of neurobehavioral cognitive state examination(NCSE)were compared at different times.Results The percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation(SpO2)at T1 and T2 time point were higher than group C and group D,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)among group A,group B,group C and group D at each time point(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in SpO2 between group A and group B at each time point(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate of sedation,gastrointestinal endoscopy examination time and time of leaving the observation room among the four groups(P>0.05),but the onset time of anesthesia in group A was longer than that in group B,group C and group D,and the awakening time in group A and group B was shorter than that in group C and group D,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in awakening time between group A and group B(P>0.05).The incidence rate of bradycardia in group A and group B was lower than in group D,and the incidence rates of hypoxemia,respiratory depression,hypotension,and dizziness in group A were lower than those in group D,and the incidence rate of injection pain in group A,group B and group C was lower than that in group D,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 10 minutes of complete wakefulness,there was no statistically significant difference in the passing rates of calculation ability and the memory tests between group A and group B(P>0.05),but the passing rates of calculation ability and memory test in group A were higher than those in group C and group D,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion During painless gastroenteroscopy in elderly patients,the sedative effect of using 0.3 mg/kg remimazolam combined with alfentanil is good,and it has stable hemodynamics,and the occurrence rate of complications such as bradycardia and espiratory depression is low,and the early postoperative cognitive function is recovered well.