Objective To explore characteristics of time-domain and time-frequency of task-related electroencephalogram(EEG)in patients with post-stroke aphasia(PSA).Methods From January,2018 to December,2021,18 PSA patients(PSA group)were recruited from Dongzhimen Hospi-tal,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and nine healthy subjects(control group)were recruited with matched gender,age and education level.EEG data based on the Chinese word-picture matching task were col-lected,and the average amplitude of N400 and event-related synchronization(ERS)/desynchronization(ERD)were analyzed.The PSA group was assessed with Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Aphasia Examination(CRRCAE).Results The effect of N400 was significant on left frontal,central frontal,right frontal,left central and central areas.The average amplitude of N400 was higher on the frontal area in PSA group than in the control group,and it was low-er on right temporal-parietal area.For word-picture mismatching,average amplitude of N400 at FPZ was moder-ately correlated with auditory comprehension(r=0.483,P<0.05),the average amplitude of N400 at T8 was moderately correlated with repetition(r=0.584,P<0.05)and reading aloud(r=0.556,P<0.05),and the aver-age amplitude of N400 at P6 was moderately correlated with speaking(r=0.476,P<0.05)and reading(r=0.502,P<0.05).For word-picture matching,the average amplitude of N400 at P7 was moderately negatively cor-related with calculation(r=-0.481,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the energy decreased in θ and αfrequency bands with absence of ERS in PSA group,and it increased in β frequency band with absence of ERD.Conclusion The activities of Chinese word-picture matching task-related EEG have been inhibited on right temporal-pa-rietal area for PSA patients,and it compensatively increases on frontal area,while the energy decreases in θ and αfrequency bands with ERS deficiency,and increases in β frequency band with ERD deficiency.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of implementing a domestic vehicle-mounted remote mobile robotic surgical system in thyroid surgery applications, integrated with 5G communication technology.Methods:Using the main system located on the vehicle-mounted mobile robot operating platform of the 960th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force and the slave system of Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, the remote radical thyroidectomy 5G communication technology, and analyze the clinical and information transmission data of two female patients who underwent remote mobile robot thyroid cancer surgery on October 21, 2024 at Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital.Results:The remote radical thyroidectomy was conducted by the robosurgeons utilizing a vehicle-mounted mobile robotic surgical system, and the procedure was successfully completed without necessitating intermediate open surgery. The operation durations for patient 1 and patient 2 were 135 minutes and 108 minutes, respectively, with 7 and 13 lymph nodes dissected, respectively. The average delay in surgical data transmission was recorded at 61.9 milliseconds, with no instances of signal interruption or frame loss. The procedure proceeded smoothly, without any jamming, and the audio and video transmissions were consistently clear. Follow up for 21 days after surgery showed no complications such as hoarseness, skin damage, or lymphatic fistula.Conclusion:The implementation of a vehicle-mounted remote mobile robotic surgery system for thyroid surgery has demonstrated safety and feasibility. Furthermore, the utilization of the 5G network offers rapid data transmission and minimal latency, closely approximating the therapeutic efficacy of traditional robotic thyroidectomy.

Methodological quality assessment is a pivotal link between primary studies and reliable evidence-based practice,and an essential pathway for operationalizing the core principles of the Guide on Methodological Standards in Pharmacoepidemiology(2nd edition).A prevalent challenge in practice,however,is the conflation of appraising methodological robustness(risk of bias assessment)with verifying reporting transparency(adherence to reporting guidelines).This paper systematically addresses this fundamental challenge,beginning with a clear distinction between the essence and boundaries of these two concepts.On this basis,the article provides a comprehensive review of mainstream quality assessment tools,covering the methodological features and evolutionary trajectory of numerous instruments for interventional(e.g.,RoB 2,ROBINS-I),observational(e.g.,NOS,the JBI/SIGN/NIH series),secondary(e.g.,AMSTAR 2),and other specific types of studies such as health economic evaluations.Furthermore,a complete case study is used to illustrate the practical application of the ROBINS-I tool.The paper's central thesis advocates for an"appraisal-informed design"philosophy,urging a conceptual shift from the retrospective critique of existing literature to the prospective quality control of new research by internalizing appraisal standards as design principles,while also exploring the emerging paradigm of artificial intelligence in assisting assessment.This paper provides a comprehensive methodological reference for researchers and practitioners to prudently select appropriate assessment tools and to conduct rigorous critical appraisals of pharmacoepidemiological evidence.

Methodological quality assessment is a pivotal link between primary studies and reliable evidence-based practice,and an essential pathway for operationalizing the core principles of the Guide on Methodological Standards in Pharmacoepidemiology(2nd edition).A prevalent challenge in practice,however,is the conflation of appraising methodological robustness(risk of bias assessment)with verifying reporting transparency(adherence to reporting guidelines).This paper systematically addresses this fundamental challenge,beginning with a clear distinction between the essence and boundaries of these two concepts.On this basis,the article provides a comprehensive review of mainstream quality assessment tools,covering the methodological features and evolutionary trajectory of numerous instruments for interventional(e.g.,RoB 2,ROBINS-I),observational(e.g.,NOS,the JBI/SIGN/NIH series),secondary(e.g.,AMSTAR 2),and other specific types of studies such as health economic evaluations.Furthermore,a complete case study is used to illustrate the practical application of the ROBINS-I tool.The paper's central thesis advocates for an"appraisal-informed design"philosophy,urging a conceptual shift from the retrospective critique of existing literature to the prospective quality control of new research by internalizing appraisal standards as design principles,while also exploring the emerging paradigm of artificial intelligence in assisting assessment.This paper provides a comprehensive methodological reference for researchers and practitioners to prudently select appropriate assessment tools and to conduct rigorous critical appraisals of pharmacoepidemiological evidence.

Objective To explore characteristics of time-domain and time-frequency of task-related electroencephalogram(EEG)in patients with post-stroke aphasia(PSA).Methods From January,2018 to December,2021,18 PSA patients(PSA group)were recruited from Dongzhimen Hospi-tal,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,and nine healthy subjects(control group)were recruited with matched gender,age and education level.EEG data based on the Chinese word-picture matching task were col-lected,and the average amplitude of N400 and event-related synchronization(ERS)/desynchronization(ERD)were analyzed.The PSA group was assessed with Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Aphasia Examination(CRRCAE).Results The effect of N400 was significant on left frontal,central frontal,right frontal,left central and central areas.The average amplitude of N400 was higher on the frontal area in PSA group than in the control group,and it was low-er on right temporal-parietal area.For word-picture mismatching,average amplitude of N400 at FPZ was moder-ately correlated with auditory comprehension(r=0.483,P<0.05),the average amplitude of N400 at T8 was moderately correlated with repetition(r=0.584,P<0.05)and reading aloud(r=0.556,P<0.05),and the aver-age amplitude of N400 at P6 was moderately correlated with speaking(r=0.476,P<0.05)and reading(r=0.502,P<0.05).For word-picture matching,the average amplitude of N400 at P7 was moderately negatively cor-related with calculation(r=-0.481,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the energy decreased in θ and αfrequency bands with absence of ERS in PSA group,and it increased in β frequency band with absence of ERD.Conclusion The activities of Chinese word-picture matching task-related EEG have been inhibited on right temporal-pa-rietal area for PSA patients,and it compensatively increases on frontal area,while the energy decreases in θ and αfrequency bands with ERS deficiency,and increases in β frequency band with ERD deficiency.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in very preterm infants(VPI), and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of BPD in VPI.Methods:A prospective multicenter study was designed to collect the clinical data of VPI in department of neonatology of 28 hospitals in 7 regions from September 2019 to December 2020.According to the continuous oxygen dependence at 28 days after birth, VPI were divided into non BPD group and BPD group, and the risk factors of BPD in VPI were analyzed.Results:A total of 2 514 cases of VPI including 1 364 cases without BPD and 1 150 cases with BPD were enrolled.The incidence of BPD was 45.7%.The smaller the gestational age and weight, the higher the incidence of BPD( P<0.001). Compared with non BPD group, the average birth age, weight and cesarean section rate in BPD group were lower, and the incidence of male infants, small for gestational age and 5-minute apgar score≤7 were higher( P<0.01). In BPD group, the incidences of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity, feeding intolerance, extrauterine growth restriction, grade Ⅲ~Ⅳ intracranial hemorrhage, anemia, early-onset and late-onset sepsis, nosocomial infection, parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis were higher( P<0.05), the use of pulmonary surfactant(PS), postnatal hormone exposure, anemia and blood transfusion were also higher, and the time of invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, oxygen use and total hospital stay were longer( P<0.001). The time of starting enteral nutrition, cumulative fasting days, days of reaching total enteral nutrition, days of continuous parenteral nutrition, days of reaching 110 kcal/(kg·d) total calorie, days of reaching 110 kcal/(kg·d) oral calorie were longer and the breastfeeding rate was lower in BPD group than those in non BPD group( P<0.001). The cumulative doses of amino acid and fat emulsion during the first week of hospitalization were higher in BPD group( P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NRDS, invasive mechanical ventilation, age of reaching total enteral nutrition, anemia and blood transfusion were the independent risk factors for BPD in VPI, and older gestational age was the protective factor for BPD. Conclusion:Strengthening perinatal management, avoiding premature delivery and severe NRDS, shortening the time of invasive mechanical ventilation, paying attention to enteral nutrition management, reaching whole intestinal feeding as soon as possible, and strictly mastering the indications of blood transfusion are very important to reduce the incidence of BPD in VPI.

The biodiversity of the mycobiome, an important component of the oral microbial community, and the roles of fungal-bacterial and fungal-immune system interactions in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP) remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we sequenced the salivary mycobiome and bacteriome associated with OLP. First, we described the dysbiosis of the microbiome in OLP patients, which exhibits lower levels of fungi and higher levels of bacteria. Significantly higher abundances of the fungi Candida and Aspergillus in patients with reticular OLP and of Alternaria and Sclerotiniaceae_unidentified in patients with erosive OLP were observed compared to the healthy controls. Aspergillus was identified as an "OLP-associated" fungus because of its detection at a higher frequency than in the healthy controls. Second, the co-occurrence patterns of the salivary mycobiome-bacteriome demonstrated negative associations between specific fungal and bacterial taxa identified in the healthy controls, which diminished in the reticular OLP group and even became positive in the erosive OLP group. Moreover, the oral cavities of OLP patients were colonized by dysbiotic oral flora with lower ecological network complexity and decreased fungal-Firmicutes and increased fungal-Bacteroidetes sub-networks. Third, several keystone fungal genera (Bovista, Erysiphe, Psathyrella, etc.) demonstrated significant correlations with clinical scores and IL-17 levels. Thus, we established that fungal dysbiosis is associated with the aggravation of OLP. Fungal dysbiosis could alter the salivary bacteriome or may reflect a direct effect of host immunity, which participates in OLP pathogenesis.
Adult ; Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; Case-Control Studies ; Dysbiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Microbiota ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; microbiology ; Mycobiome ; Saliva ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the differences between the bacterial diversities in the saliva of caries-free and caries-susceptible adolescents through polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).

METHODSTwenty adolescent subjects aged 12-18 years were recruited and subdivided into two groups: caries-free adolescents (n = 10) and caries-susceptible adolescents (n = 10). Saliva samples were collected. Total DNA was isolated directly from each sample. A portion of the 16S rRNA gene locus was PCR-amplified by using universal primers. Microbial diversity was analyzed through PCR-DGGE.

RESULTSAnalyzing the DGGE profile, we found that the composition of the saliva microbiome exhibited great intra-individual differences; the average band numbers of the caries-free adolescent group and the caries-susceptible adolescent group were 32.5 ± 3.7 and 27.3 ± 3.4, respectively. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (P = 0.008). Shannon-Wiener's indexes of the caries-susceptible adolescent group and the caries-free adolescent group were 2.5 ± 0.2 and 2.6 ± 0.2, respectively, but the differences between the groups were not significant (P = 0.405). Clustering analysis results suggested that most of the samples in the same group clustered together; this observation showed a high community structure similarity.

CONCLUSIONThe microbial diversity and complexity of bacteria in saliva are significantly higher in caries-free adolescents than in caries-susceptible adolescents. During caries development, bacterial diversity in the saliva likely decreases.

Adolescent ; Bacteria ; Child ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ; Dental Caries ; microbiology ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Humans ; Microbiota ; Mouth ; microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Saliva ; microbiology

In order to improve the accuracy of classification with small amount of motor imagery training data on the development of brain-computer interface (BCD systems, we proposed an analyzing method to automatically select the characteristic parameters based on correlation coefficient analysis. Throughout the five sample data of dataset IV a from 2005 BCI Competition, we utilized short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and correlation coefficient calculation to reduce the number of primitive electroencephalogram dimension, then introduced feature extraction based on common spatial pattern (CSP) and classified by linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Simulation results showed that the average rate of classification accuracy could be improved by using correlation coefficient feature selection method than those without using this algorithm. Comparing with support vector machine (SVM) optimization features algorithm, the correlation coefficient analysis can lead better selection parameters to improve the accuracy of classification.
Algorithms ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Discriminant Analysis ; Electroencephalography ; Fourier Analysis ; Humans ; Support Vector Machine

OBJECTIVEThis investigation aimed to examine how buccal mucosa microbiome succeeds in a healthy population with different ages and dentition stages.

METHODSTwenty-five subjects were recruited and subdivided into five groups: primary dentition group, mixed dentition group, adolescent group, adult group, and elderly group. Individual mucosal microbiota was obtained by gently scraping both sides of the buccal mucosa with a cotton swab. Microbial diversity was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE).

RESULTS1) The composition of buccal mucosa microbiota has great intra-individual divergence. 2) The average band numbers of the primary dentition group, mixed dentition group, adolescent group, adult group, and elderly group were 21.2 +/- 4.0, 17.8 +/- 3.9, 15.8 +/- 4.3, 16.8 +/- 3.7, and 22.2 +/- 6.5, respectively. No between-group differences was observed (P > 0.05), indicating that predominant strains in the oral cavity may be stable throughout an individual's lifetime. 3) The Shannon indices of primary dentition group, mixed dentition group, adolescent group, adult group, and elderly group were 1.73 +/- 10.2, 1.43 +/- 0.1, 1.05 +/- 0.2, 1.45 +/- 0.2, and 1.63 +/- 0.3, respectively. A significant between-group difference was observed (P = 0.003), indicating that the microbial diversity of the buccal mucosa decreases from childhood through adolescence, but increases from adult through senescence. 4) The clustering analysis showed that most of the samples in the same group clustered together, indicating higher intra-group community structure similarity.

CONCLUSIONComposition of the buccal mucosa microbiota was different among age groups. Adolescence may be an essential turning point of microbial ecology succession throughout life.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; DNA, Bacterial ; Humans ; Microbiota ; Mouth Mucosa ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S