Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

After the revision of the Law on Administrative Penalty, in order to optimize business environment and promote economic development, all localities have vigorously promoted inclusive and prudential supervision and flexible law enforcement, and the exemption from administrative penalty is one of the important ways. The targets of occupational health supervision and law enforcement are mainly employers and occupational health technical service providers, which is one of the areas of health supervision and law enforcement that implements the exemption from administrative penalty. This paper described the current situation of practicing the exemption in the field of occupational health, introduced the occupational health violations applicable to the exemption, the scope of effectiveness of normative documents, and the supporting regulatory measures and safeguard mechanisms, and summarized the problems such as no definitive boundaries in the application of the system, unclear criteria for determining required elements, simplification and aggregation of statutory requirements, and excessive protection of the rights and interests of employers. Negative impacts during the process of implementing the system were also analyzed, such as damaging the principle of fairness, weakening employers' awareness of occupational health responsibility, hindering the development of occupational disease prevention work, and infringing workers' occupational health rights and interests. In this regard, we provided suggestions: clarifying the application boundary of the system, establishing a hazard assessment tool for illegal acts, refining the application conditions in combination with characteristics of occupational health, and strengthening post-event supervision measures, so as to provide reference for promoting occupational diseases prevention and high-quality development of occupational health for workers.

Mice ; Animals ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Cardiomegaly/genetics* ; Signal Transduction ; Cells, Cultured

Lower extremities motor dysfunction after stroke severely affects the patients' transfer ability and quality of life. This article reviewed the mirror therapy in rehabilitation of lower extremities motor function in stroke patients.