[Objective] To analyze the influencing factors of repeat blood donor lapsing using a zero-inflated poisson regression model (ZIP). [Methods] The blood donation behavior of 12 498 whole blood donors from 2020 was tracked until December 31, 2023. The factors influencing the frequency of blood donations in a given year was analyzed using ZIP, and donors with 0 blood donation in that year were considered to have lapsed. The changes in relevant influencing factors associated with each blood donation were measured and modeled for analysis. [Results] The zero-inflated part of ZIP showed that the risk of lapsing of male blood donors was 2.24 times that of female blood donors (OR 95% CI:1.864-2.696, P<0.001); the risk of lapsing of the 35-44 age group and over 45 age group was respectively 40% (OR 95% CI:0.455-0.790, P<0.001) and 61%(OR 95% CI:0.268-0.578, P<0.001) lower than that of the under 25 age group; the risk of lapsing for those who have donated blood twice and ≥3 times was respectively 50% (OR 95% CI:0.405-0.609, P<0.001) and 81% (OR 95% CI:0.154-0.225, P<0.001) lower than that of first-time donors; the risk of lapsing of those with junior high or high school education was 1.2 times that of those with a college degree or higher (OR 95% CI:1.033-1.384, P<0.05); the risk of lapsing for the divorced group was 2.02 times that of the married group (OR 95% CI:1.445-2.820, P<0.001); the risk of lapsing for those with an income (Yuan) of 10 000 to 50 000, 50 000 to 100 000 and more than 100 000 was respectively 0.67 (OR 95% CI:0.552-0.818, P<0.001), 0.72 (OR 95% CI:0.591-0.884, P=0.002) and 0.67 (OR 95% CI:0.535-0.834, P<0.001) times that of those with an income (Yuan) of less than 10 000. The results of the Poisson part are consistent with the results of the zero-inflated part in terms of age and education level. [Conclusion] Blood donor lapsing is overall related to factors such as gender, age, donation frequency, education, marital status and family income. It's essential to care for those blood donors prone to lapse to retain more regular blood donors.

Objective: To preliminarily develop a multidimensional blood donor role scale based on role theory and systematically compare the psychosocial characteristic differences between award-winning donors and first-time donors in Guangzhou, and to provide an empirical reference for formulating differentiated donor retention strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. A random sample of award-winning donors and concurrently sampled first-time donors yielding 1 361 valid responses collected (721 from the award group, 640 from the first-time group). Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the scale structure. Data were post-stratified and weighted according to the gender and age distributions of the general donor population. Independent samples t-tests, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and generalized linear models were employed to compare dimensional scores between the two groups. A paired t-test was conducted to analyze the annual donation frequency of award-winning donors before and after receiving the award. Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 5-factor structure, including Role Identity and Expectations, Role Adaptation and Maintenance, Role Environment and Experience, Role Relationships and Conflict, and Role Incentives and Rewards, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 56.43%. The scale demonstrated good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α=0.906). Known-group validity test showed that award-winning donors scored significantly higher than first-time donors on Role Identity and Expectations (t=4.366, P<0.001, d=0.240), Role Adaptation and Maintenance (t=5.436, P<0.001, d=0.500), and Role Relationships and Conflict (t=4.844, P<0.001, d=0.220). These differences remained significant after controlling for selected demographic variables (MANCOVA, Wilks' λ=0.943, P<0.001). Generalized linear models suggested that donation frequency was an independent predictor for these dimensions. Additionally, the annual donation frequency of award-winning donors was slightly higher after receiving the award than before (t=2.007, P=0.045). Conclusion: The preliminary blood donor role scale demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity and can effectively distinguish groups with different donation behavior characteristics. The study reveals that award-winning donors exhibit more positive psychological characteristics across multiple role identity dimensions and maintain their donation behavior after receiving an award. External incentives and internal role identity may jointly contribute to behavioral persistence. The findings provide a preliminary reference for further exploring the formation pathways of donor role identity and developing differentiated donor retention strategies.

OBJECTIVE To establish the fingerprints of Tianma jiannao granules （TJG） and the method for content determination to evaluate the quality of TJG comprehensively combined with chemometric analysis. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to establish the fingerprints of 13 batches （S1-S3） of TJG and determine the contents of inosine， gastrodin， parishin B and parishin E. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis， and orthogonal partial least squares- discriminant analysis were performed using SPSS 20.0 and SIMCA 18 software； using variable importance projection （VIP） value greater than 1 as a criterion， marker components that affected quality were screened. RESULTS A total of 28 common peaks were identified in the 13 batches of TJG with similarities greater than 0.9， and 7 common peaks were identified， which were gastrodin， p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol， parishin B， parishin E， rhynchophylline， inosine and salidroside. The 13 batches of TJG were clustered into 3 categories， S1-S2， S8-S10 and S12 were clustered into one category； S3 and S7 were clustered into one category； S4-S6， S11 and S13 were clustered into one category. VIP of inosine was greater than 1. The contents of inosine， gastrodin， parishin B and parishin E were 62.637-176.677， 17.821-37.642， 5.748-16.077 and 5.660-13.510 μg/g. CONCLUSIONS The established HPLC fingerprints and content determination method are stable， reliable and highly reproducible， which can be used to evaluate the quality of TJG in combination with chemometric analysis. Inosine may be a marker component that affects the quality of TJG. There are differences in the quality of 13 batches of TJG.

[Objective] To explore the characteristics of lifestyle behaviors and mental health status among blood donors in Guangzhou, and to investigate the correlation between donation frequency and these factors. [Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted among 13 042 whole blood donors from 17 street blood donation sites of Guangzhou Blood Center from May to August 2020. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the characteristics of lifestyle behaviors and mental health status among blood donors in Guangzhou. Ordinal multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between donation frequency and these factors. [Results] It was found that some of 13 042 blood donors had unhealthy habits, such as 6.8% (698/10 214，2 828 missing values) had severe tobacco dependence, 30.6% (3 997/13 042) had low exercise levels, 38.8%（5 056/13 042）had poor sleep quality, and 2.2% (271/12 159，883 missing values) had alcohol dependence. In addition, 2.8% (364/13 042) and 1.3% (172/13 042) of the donors may have moderate to severe depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The results of the ordinal multinomial logistic regression model showed that exercise level was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of depression and anxiety among blood donors. With the decrease in exercise level, the possibility of depression and anxiety among donors increased significantly. BMI, household income, education level, marital status, donation frequency, alcohol consumption and smoking had no significant correlation with the mental health status of donors. [Conclusion] Improving the exercise habits of blood donors may help enhance their mental health level. It is recommended that blood station staff strengthen the content of exercise when providing health education to blood donors to maintain a healthy lifestyle. It also suggests that there may be a certain degree of under-diagnosis of mental health problems in the process of health consultation before blood donation, and conducting more comprehensive and effective mental health assessments for blood donors is recommended.

【Objective】 To compare the effects of 3 rehydration methods before blood donation on the prevention of on-site and delayed blood donation-related vasovagal response (VVR) . 【Methods】 From January to June 2021, 6 250 whole blood donors in 6 fixed blood donation sites signed informed consent and were divided into 198 clusters according to donor sites and dates, then they were randomly assigned to receive either oral rehydration salts (ORS), sugar water, or water group, and each drank 500 mL of ORS, sugar water or water within 20 minutes before blood donation. The researchers recorded the actual intervention accepted on site, and recorded the immediate VVR and related information. At rest after blood donation, donors submitted an electronic questionnaire containing socio-demographic information. At 48 hours after blood donation, the researchers called back every donor to record delayed VVR and related information. Logistic regression based on intention to treat (ITT) was used to analyze the difference of the incidence of VVR among the three groups, and the average treatment effect on treated (ATT) was calculated. PASS 2021was used to estimate the sample size and R (4.2.0) for statistical analysis. 【Results】 The cumulative incidence of blood donation-related VVR was 2.67% (2.29%-3.11%) among street whole blood donors under the 3 rehydration methods, in which, the incidence of immediate and delayed VVR was 1.02% (0.79%-1.31%) and 1.65% (1.36%-2.01%) respectively. ITT analysis found that ORS were more effective than water in reducing the incidence of delayed VVR【OR=0.59,95% CI[0.37,0.94]】.There was no significant difference in the incidence of immediate VVR between any two groups (P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of delayed VVR in the sugar water group compared with the water group (P > 0.05). There was a difference of -0.013 (【95% CI[-0.022, -0.004]】or -0.008【95% CI[-0.017, -0.000]】in the incidence of delayed VVR in the ORS group compared with water group or sugar water group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). The cumulative VVR of the three groups showed similar results to the delayed VVR. 【Conclusion】 Drinking ORS before blood donation is the most effective rehydration method to prevent delayed VVR. The next step is to establish the predictive model of delayed VVR to screen the susceptible population and provide them with ORS before blood donation, while other population can choose any liquid they like, thus achieving personalized blood donation-related VVR prevention and control.

Inhibiting the death receptor 3(DR3)signaling pathway in group 3 innate lymphoid cells(ILC3s)pre-sents a promising approach for promoting mucosal repair in individuals with ulcerative colitis(UC).Paeoniflorin,a prominent component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.,has demonstrated the ability to restore barrier function in UC mice,but the precise mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we aimed to delve into whether paeoniflorin may promote intestinal mucosal repair in chronic colitis by inhibiting DR3 signaling in ILC3s.C57BL/6 mice were subjected to random allocation into 7 distinct groups,namely the control group,the 2％dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)group,the paeoniflorin groups(25,50,and 100 mg/kg),the anti-tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1A(anti-TL1A)antibody group,and the IgG group.We detected the expression of DR3 signaling pathway proteins and the proportion of ILC3s in the mouse colon using Western blot and flow cytometry,respectively.Meanwhile,DR3-overexpressing MNK-3 cells and 2％ DSS-induced Rag1-/-mice were used for verification.The results showed that paeoniflorin alleviated DSS-induced chronic colitis and repaired the intestinal mucosal barrier.Simultaneously,paeoniflorin inhibited the DR3 signaling pathway in ILC3s and regulated the content of cytokines(interleukin-17A,granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor,and interleukin-22).Alternatively,paeoniflorin directly inhibited the DR3 signaling pathway in ILC3s to repair mucosal damage indepen-dently of the adaptive immune system.We additionally confirmed that paeoniflorin-conditioned me-dium(CM)restored the expression of tight junctions in Caco-2 cells via coculture.In conclusion,paeoniflorin ameliorates chronic colitis by enhancing the intestinal barrier in an ILC3-dependent manner,and its mechanism is associated with the inhibition of the DR3 signaling pathway.

Objective:To observe the multi-modal fundus imaging features of subretinal drusenoid deposit (SDD) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and observe image features.Methods:A prospective clinical study. From December 2019 to December 2023, 65 patients (104 eyes) with a diagnosis of AMD-SDD by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) examination in Shandong Eye Hospital were included. All eyes were examined by best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), traditional color fundus photography (CFP), ultra-wide-angle scanning laser fundus imaging (UWF), multicolor scanning laser fundus imaging (MC) and SD-OCT. The standard MC images were obtained by using Spectralis HRA+OCT for MC examination. The multi-mode image characteristics of SDD were analyzed retrospectively. Area under curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of CFP, MC and UWF in detecting SDD.Results:Among 65 patients with SDD, 29 cases of males (52 eyes) and 36 cases of females (52 eyes) was included. There were 26 patients with unilateral SDD and 39 patients with bilateral SDD. The average age was (71.74±10.97) years. The early, middle and late stages of AMD were 31 (29.8%, 31/104), 24 (23.1%, 24/104), 49 (47.1%, 49/104) eyes, respectively. The SDD detected by CFP, MC and UWF was 76 (73.1%, 76/104), 94 (90.4%, 94/104), 96 (92.3%, 96/104) eyes. CFP showed that the edge of SDD in the macular area was blurred. UWF showed that the dot and the ribbon SDD were light yellow pale discrete deposits and light yellow interlaced network deposits respectively. MC showed the dot SDD had a strong yellow-green circular reflection, while the edge of the ribbon SDD was surrounded by a weak reflection, and the boundary was clear. SD-OCT showed that SDD had strong reflection signal, which was located between the retinal pigment epithelium layer and the photoreceptor cell layer. The dot SDD could break through the ellipsoid zone and caused slight uplift or interruption of the external membrane, showing a cone-like strong reflection signal. While the ribbon SDD showed a continuous "hill-like" protrusion, which hardly broke through ellipsoid zone. The sensitivity and specificity of CFP, MC and UWF for SDD were 73.1%, 90.4%, 92.3% and 61.1%, 94.4% and 83.3%, respectively.Conclusions:MC and UWF show high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing AMD-SDD, which is superior to CFP. SD-OCT can effectively reveal the location and morphoLogical characteristics of SDD under retina.

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of depression in blood donors and analyze the related factors, so as to develop a rapid depression screening model for blood donors. 【Methods】 A total of 13 015 street whole blood donors in Guangzhou Blood Center during May to August, 2020 filled in an anonymous e-questionnaire, including social demography information and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 before donation. The cut-off value for detecting depression was 10. Logistic regression by SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze depression related factors. 2-level decision tree with 30/10 as the minimum number of cases in parent/child node, 10-fold cross validation was used to cut items of PHQ-9 to form the depression screening model. 【Results】 364 out of 13 015 (2.80%) street whole blood donors reported a score ≥ 10. Donors with 18-29 years old (P <0.05), unmarried (P<0.05), less than 50 000 RMB household income per year (P< 0.05) were more prone to depression. 81.96% donors in "<10 scores" group, while 3.85%donors in "≥ 10 scores" group were in two terminal nodes formed by Item-6, 2 and 4 of PHQ-9. After verification by the 10 fold crossover method, the estimated misclassification risk of the model was 1.7%. 【Conclusion】 The screening prevalence of depression based on PHQ-9 in Guangzhou blood donors was 2.8%(95% CI: 2.52%-3.09%) . Donation frequency was not related to depression. A rapid and efficient depression screening model for blood donors based on item-6, 2 and 4 of PHQ-9 was developed.

The Ly-6 and uPAR (LU) domain-containing proteins represent a large family of cell-surface markers. In particular, mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 is a widely used marker for various stem cells; however, its human ortholog is missing. In this study, based on a systematic survey and comparative genomic study of mouse and human LU domain-containing proteins, we identified a previously unannotated human gene encoding the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. This gene, hereby named LY6A, reversely overlaps with a lncRNA gene in the majority of exonic sequences. We found that LY6A is aberrantly expressed in pituitary tumors, but not in normal pituitary tissues, and may contribute to tumorigenesis. Similar to mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1, human LY6A is also upregulated by interferon, suggesting a conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanism between humans and mice. We cloned the full-length LY6A cDNA, whose encoded protein sequence, domain architecture, and exon-intron structures are all well conserved with mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. Ectopic expression of the LY6A protein in cells demonstrates that it acts the same as mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 in their processing and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring to the cell membrane. Collectively, these studies unveil a novel human gene encoding a candidate biomarker and provide an interesting model gene for studying gene regulatory and evolutionary mechanisms.
Humans ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Pituitary Neoplasms/genetics* ; Biomarkers

【Objective】 To analyze the related factors affecting first-time platelet donors to become regular donors in Guangzhou in 2018, so as to provide reference for the retention of platelet donors. 【Methods】 The data of 4 361 first-time platelet donors in Guangzhou in 2018, including age, gender, initial donation unit, time for the primary and secondary donation were collected. The relevant factors affecting first-time blood donors to become regular donors were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. 【Results】 Among the influencing factors, first-time donors returned in the first month were more likely to become regular donors (5.569 times that of those did not return)(OR 95% CI: 4.748~6.533, P<0.05). First-time donors who aged 45~60, and initially donated 2 units were more likely to become regular donors than those aged 18~24(1.857 times) (OR 95% CI: 1.413~2.441, P<0.05), and those initially donated only one unit (1.695 time) (OR 95% CI: 1.486~1.933, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The returning in the first month, age and initial donation units predict long-term commitment for first-time donors. Encouraging first-time platelet donors to return within 1 month is more likely to convert them into regular blood donors.