Objective:To investigate the application value of D-dimer (D-D) as the primary indicator, combined with NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage in the differential diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD), pulmonary embolism (PE), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted, including 764 patients with acute chest pain who presented to the Emergency Department of Beijing Fuwai Hospital from March 1st, 2024, to February 28th, 2025. Patients were clinically diagnosed with AAD (299 cases) and other acute chest pain conditions (AMI 425 cases, PE 40 cases). The AAD group had the age of 56.00 (45.00, 64.00) years old with 226 males (75.59%); the AMI group had a median the age of 65.00 (55.00, 70.00) years with 339 males (79.76%); and the PE group had the age of 70.00 (59.75, 74.00) years with 15 males (37.50%). Baseline clinical data were collected and compared among the three groups, including general parameters such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Laboratory parameters included N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-D, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, platelet count, and mean platelet volume (MPV). Comparisons between groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test and χ2 test. Independent discriminatory factors were identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the diagnostic performance of individual indicators and combined models were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:The D-D level in the AAD group [3.93 (1.48, 19.59) μg/ml] was significantly higher than that in the AMI group [0.26 (0.14, 0.56) μg/ml] and PE group [2.13 (0.84, 6.13) μg/ml] ( F=200.12, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that D-D, NT-proBNP, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were all independent factors for differentiating AAD from AMI. NT-proBNP, total white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were independent predictors for differentiating AAD from PE. ROC analysis showed that D-D had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.95) for differentiating AAD from AMI, with a sensitivity of 81.6% and specificity of 92.9%. In the differential diagnosis between AAD and PE, the model combining D-dimer, NT-proBNP, and neutrophil percentage had an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI 0.80-0.91), with a sensitivity of 85.0% and a specificity of 72.5%. Conclusion:D-D has significant value in the differential diagnosis of AAD from AMI and PE, with particularly good individual diagnostic performance for differentiating AAD from AMI. Combining NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage can significantly improve differential diagnostic performance.

Objective:To investigate the application value of D-dimer (D-D) as the primary indicator, combined with NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage in the differential diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD), pulmonary embolism (PE), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted, including 764 patients with acute chest pain who presented to the Emergency Department of Beijing Fuwai Hospital from March 1st, 2024, to February 28th, 2025. Patients were clinically diagnosed with AAD (299 cases) and other acute chest pain conditions (AMI 425 cases, PE 40 cases). The AAD group had the age of 56.00 (45.00, 64.00) years old with 226 males (75.59%); the AMI group had a median the age of 65.00 (55.00, 70.00) years with 339 males (79.76%); and the PE group had the age of 70.00 (59.75, 74.00) years with 15 males (37.50%). Baseline clinical data were collected and compared among the three groups, including general parameters such as heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Laboratory parameters included N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D-D, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, platelet count, and mean platelet volume (MPV). Comparisons between groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test and χ2 test. Independent discriminatory factors were identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the diagnostic performance of individual indicators and combined models were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:The D-D level in the AAD group [3.93 (1.48, 19.59) μg/ml] was significantly higher than that in the AMI group [0.26 (0.14, 0.56) μg/ml] and PE group [2.13 (0.84, 6.13) μg/ml] ( F=200.12, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that D-D, NT-proBNP, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were all independent factors for differentiating AAD from AMI. NT-proBNP, total white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, and lymphocyte percentage were independent predictors for differentiating AAD from PE. ROC analysis showed that D-D had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.95) for differentiating AAD from AMI, with a sensitivity of 81.6% and specificity of 92.9%. In the differential diagnosis between AAD and PE, the model combining D-dimer, NT-proBNP, and neutrophil percentage had an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI 0.80-0.91), with a sensitivity of 85.0% and a specificity of 72.5%. Conclusion:D-D has significant value in the differential diagnosis of AAD from AMI and PE, with particularly good individual diagnostic performance for differentiating AAD from AMI. Combining NT-proBNP and neutrophil percentage can significantly improve differential diagnostic performance.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application value of targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS)for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.From September 2021 to October 2024,1 178 clinical samples from hospitalized pa-tients at the Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Guangzhou Chest Hospital were collected,in-cluding 272 sputum samples,871 broncho alveolar lavage fluid(BALF)samples,and 35 other samples.These samples were analyzed with tNGS and the liquid culture+DNA microarray chip method(referred to as the"culture identification method"),and the detection results between methods were compared.The numbers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC)samples identified with tNGS and the culture identification method were 172 and 127,respectively,and the numbers of non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)samples detected were 517 and 474,respectively.The detection rate of Mycobacterium was 56.88%with tNGS and was significantly lower(49.49%)with the culture identification method(χ2=13.27,P<0.05).For NTM identification,when sputum was used,the detection rate of tNGS was higher than that of the culture identification method(χ2=24.14,P<0.05).However,when BALF was used,no significant difference in detection rates was observed between tNGS and the culture identification method(χ2=3.97,P=0.06).When different sample types from the same patient were analyzed with tNGS for NTM,BALF was found to be a better choice than sputum(χ2=4.05,P<0.05).However,with the culture identification method,we observed no significant difference between sample types(χ2=2.72,P=0.10).Furthermore,both the MTBC and NTM sequences detected with tNGS were significantly higher in the culture-positive group than the culture-negative group.With increasing sequence numbers,the proportion of cases in the culture-positive group progressively rose,whereas an inverse trend was observed in the culture-negative group.With clinical diagno-sis as the reference standard,the sensitivity,specificity,and Kappa value of tNGS and the culture identification method in identifying mycobacterial diseases were 85.41%,91.32%,0.74 and 74.73%,93.15%,0.63,respectively.Compared with the culture identifica-tion method,tNGS for rapid detection of Mycobacterium exhibited excellent sensitivity,specificity and consistency,and its timeliness should help clinicians make precise individualized treatment plans earlier.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application value of targeted next-generation sequencing(tNGS)for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.From September 2021 to October 2024,1 178 clinical samples from hospitalized pa-tients at the Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Guangzhou Chest Hospital were collected,in-cluding 272 sputum samples,871 broncho alveolar lavage fluid(BALF)samples,and 35 other samples.These samples were analyzed with tNGS and the liquid culture+DNA microarray chip method(referred to as the"culture identification method"),and the detection results between methods were compared.The numbers of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC)samples identified with tNGS and the culture identification method were 172 and 127,respectively,and the numbers of non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)samples detected were 517 and 474,respectively.The detection rate of Mycobacterium was 56.88%with tNGS and was significantly lower(49.49%)with the culture identification method(χ2=13.27,P<0.05).For NTM identification,when sputum was used,the detection rate of tNGS was higher than that of the culture identification method(χ2=24.14,P<0.05).However,when BALF was used,no significant difference in detection rates was observed between tNGS and the culture identification method(χ2=3.97,P=0.06).When different sample types from the same patient were analyzed with tNGS for NTM,BALF was found to be a better choice than sputum(χ2=4.05,P<0.05).However,with the culture identification method,we observed no significant difference between sample types(χ2=2.72,P=0.10).Furthermore,both the MTBC and NTM sequences detected with tNGS were significantly higher in the culture-positive group than the culture-negative group.With increasing sequence numbers,the proportion of cases in the culture-positive group progressively rose,whereas an inverse trend was observed in the culture-negative group.With clinical diagno-sis as the reference standard,the sensitivity,specificity,and Kappa value of tNGS and the culture identification method in identifying mycobacterial diseases were 85.41%,91.32%,0.74 and 74.73%,93.15%,0.63,respectively.Compared with the culture identifica-tion method,tNGS for rapid detection of Mycobacterium exhibited excellent sensitivity,specificity and consistency,and its timeliness should help clinicians make precise individualized treatment plans earlier.

Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends of Wuzhuyu Decoction;To provide reference for relevant research.Methods The literature related to Wuzhuyu Decoction was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM databases from the establishment to February 28,2023.NoteExpress 3.6 was used to merge and deduplicate,and the author,organization and keywords were mapped and interpreted by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.Results A total of 822 articles were included,and the number of publications showed a wave upward trend;the top journals were New Chinese Medicine,Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine and Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine;the main research institutions were Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;a total of 566 authors were involved,and the authors with more publications included Wang Zhimin(12),Gong Muxin(9)and Bi Kaishun(5);high-frequency keywords included"headache","Shang Han Lun","TCM therapy"and so on.Conclusion Wuzhuyu Decoction is effective in treating chronic gastritis,hypertension and other primary diseases,which is a research hotspot in this field.It is a research trend in this field to explore its active components by high performance liquid chromatography and explain its action mechanism and target at the molecular level.

Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends of animal medicinal materials;To provide reference for future research.Methods The literature related to animal medicinal materials was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM from January 1,2000 to April 30,2023.NoteExpress 3.6 was used to merge and deduplicate,and the author,institution and keywords were mapped and interpreted by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.Results A total of 1 169 articles were included,and the overall publication quantity in this field showed a stable fluctuation trend;the top journals were Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research,China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica and Modern Chinese Medicine;the main research institutions were China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences;a total of 676 authors were involved,and the authors with more publications included Zhang Hui(22),Liu Rui(15),Lin Zhe and Ma Shuangcheng(14);high-frequency keywords included"identification","TCM resources","clinical application"and so on.Conclusion Resource survey of animal medicinal materials,standardized breeding of medicinal animals,development of alternatives to rare medicinal animal resources,and construction of quality standard system for animal medicinal materials are the research hotspots in this field.The basic research of pharmacodynamic substances of animal medicinal materials based on the integrated analysis strategies of proteomics,peptideomics and transcriptomics,and the revelation of the signaling pathways and targets of animal medicinal materials from the molecular biology level are the research trends in this field.

Objective:To effectively quantify and evaluate the quality of different deformation registration algorithms, in order to enhance the possibility of implementing deformation registration in clinical practice.Methods:The Jacobian determinant mean (JDM) is proposed based on the Jacobian determinant (JD) of displacement vector field (DVF), and the Jacobian determinant error (DJDE) is introduced by incorporating the JD of the inverse DVF. The optical flow method (OF-DIR) and fast demons method with elastic regularization (FD-DIR) were tested on nasopharyngeal and lung cancer datasets. Finally, JDM and DJDE with the Jacobian determinant negative percentage (JDNP), inverse consistency error (ICE) and normalized mean square error (NMSE) were used to evaluate the registration algorithms and compare the differences evaluation indicators in different tumor images and different algorithms, and the receiver operating curve (ROC) was analyzed in evaluation.Results:In lung cancer, OF-DIR outperformed FD-DIR in terms of JDM, NMSE, DJDE and ICE, and the difference was statistically significant( z = -2.24, -4.84, t = 4.01, 6.54, P<0.05). In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, DJDE, ICE and NMSE of OF-DIR were superior to FD-DIR, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 4.46, -7.49, z = -2.22, P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in JDM ( P>0.05). In lung cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, JDNP of OF-DIR was worse than that of FD-DIR, and the difference was statistically significant ( z = -4.29, -4.02, P<0.01). In addition, DJDE is more specific and sensitive on ROC curve (AUC=0.77), and has different performance result for tumor images at different sites. Conclusions:The JDM and DJDE evaluation metrics proposed are effective for deformation registration algorithms. OF-DIR is suitable for both lung cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while the influence of organ motion on the registration effect should be considered when using FD-DIR.

Objective This study aims to analyze the proteomic characteristics of peripheral blood in patients with lung cancer coexistent with pulmonary tuberculosis(LC-PTB),identify the differential proteins compared with lung cancer(LC)patients,and conduct functional analysis on these proteins.Methods The study included 8 LC-PTB patients and 10 LC patients.The LC patients were newly diagnosed and confirmed by pathology and did not receive any anti-tumor treatment before,while the PTB patients were Mycobacterium tuberculosis positive at the time of sampling.Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)was applied to perform proteomic mass spectrometry to assess the differential proteins,and then functional analysis was conducted via bioinformatics.Results A total of 5,185 proteins were detected between two groups.Through differential expression screening,190 proteins(58 upregulated and 132 downregulated)were identified to be differentially expressed.Subcellular localization analysis revealed that the differential proteins were mainly concentrated in the cytoplasm,nucleus,and extracellular matrix.KEGG pathway and GO analysis showed the roles of differential proteins in biological processes including immune response,metabolism,and secretion regulation.Protein interaction network analysis highlighted the importance of SORT1,SAR1B,RPS6KB1,VWF,SHC1,SRPRB,CTSD,TARDBP,RPLP0,PSMA2,RPS6,XPO1,PRKACB,and HLA-DRB1 in LC-PTB.Additionally,the expression changes in proteins like ADA2,MAP3K1,and GLS2 might be closely associated with the development of LC-PTB.Conclusions The proteomic profile comprehensively described the proteomic characteristics of LC-PTB and identified numerous differentially expressed proteins,which could provide further clues for research on biological mechanism of LC-PTB.

In recent years, with the rapid development of life sciences, the use of laboratory fish in toxicology, genetics, developmental biology and medicine has increased dramatically, and they have gradually become important new model organisms. At the same time, the welfare of laboratory fish has also received increasing attention. Although the research level of experimental fish welfare is still in a relatively early stage compared to terrestrial experimental animals, developed regions such as Europe and America have established corresponding legal frameworks to safeguard the welfare of laboratory fish in research. This article elucidates the current developmental status of laboratory fish welfare, discusses the rationale behind the imperative to prioritize and enhance their welfare, deeply investigates factors influencing their welfare from the feeding stage and experimental stage. Moreover, it explores strategies for augmenting welfare standards, with the overarching aim of propelling the continual improvement of laboratory fish welfare in our country.

Objective:To analyze the accuracy of lung ultrasound and chest X-ray in the diagnosis of neonatal pulmonary disease.Methods:We prospectively collected newborns that needed chest X-ray examination to diagnose pulmonary disease from twelve neonatal intensive care units across the country between June 2019 and April 2020.Each newborn was examined by lung ultrasound within two hours after chest X-ray examination.All chest X-ray and lung ultrasound images were independently read by a radiologist and a sonographer.When there was a disagreement, a panel of two experienced physicians made a final diagnosis based on the clinical history, chest X-ray and lung ultrasound images.Results:A total of 1 100 newborns were enrolled in our study.The diagnostic agreement between chest X-ray and lung ultrasound(Cohen′s kappa coefficient=0.347) was fair.Lung ultrasound(area under the curve=0.778; 95% CI 0.753-0.803) performed significantly better than chest X-ray(area under the curve=0.513; 95% CI 0.483-0.543) in the diagnosis of transient tachypnea of the newborn( P<0.001). The accuracy of lung ultrasound in diagnosing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome, pneumonia and neonatal pulmonary atelectasis was similar to that of chest X-ray. Conclusion:Lung ultrasound, as a low-cost, simple and radiation-free auxiliary examination method, has a diagnostic accuracy close to or even better than that of chest X-ray, which may replace chest X-ray in the diagnosis of some neonatal lung diseases.It should be noted that both chest X-ray and lung ultrasound can only be used as auxiliary means for the diagnosis of lung diseases, and it is necessary to combine imaging with the clinical history and presentation.