Background:Ribosomal protein L22-like 1(RPL22L1)exerts regulatory effects on various malignant tumors such as lung cancer,prostate cancer,and cervical cancer.However,its role in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unclear.Aims:To investigate the expression of RPL22L1 in CRC and its role in patients' prognosis and glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Methods:A total of 142 newly diagnosed CRC patients admitted to the Taizhou First People's Hospital from February 2022 to June 2024 were enrolled.The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The correlation between RPL22L1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the impact of RPL22L1 expression on the prognosis of CRC patients.RPL22L1 siRNA was transfected into SW480 cells to establish a low-expression cell model.Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay,cell migration by Transwell chamber assay,and apoptosis by flow cytometry.Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed to evaluate the effect of RPL22L1 on glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Results:The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues(all P<0.05).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was correlated with the TNM stage and carcinoembryonic antigen level of CRC(all P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative survival rate of high RPL22L1 mRNA expression group was significantly lower than that of low-expression group(P=0.027).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was significantly higher in SW480 cells than in normal intestinal epithelial cells(P<0.001).After inhibiting RPL22L1 expression,the proliferation and migration capacities of SW480 cells were significantly decreased(all P<0.05),the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P=0.005),and the lactate level and relative glucose uptake level were significantly reduced(all P<0.05).GSEA indicated that RPL22L1 gene was associated with glycolysis/gluconeo-genesis(P=0.02).Conclusions:RPL22L1 is highly expressed in CRC and is associated with poor prognosis of patients,suggesting its potential as a molecular target for CRC therapy.Furthermore,RPL22L1 may promote the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC by modulating glucose metabolism.

Background:Ribosomal protein L22-like 1(RPL22L1)exerts regulatory effects on various malignant tumors such as lung cancer,prostate cancer,and cervical cancer.However,its role in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains unclear.Aims:To investigate the expression of RPL22L1 in CRC and its role in patients' prognosis and glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Methods:A total of 142 newly diagnosed CRC patients admitted to the Taizhou First People's Hospital from February 2022 to June 2024 were enrolled.The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The correlation between RPL22L1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the impact of RPL22L1 expression on the prognosis of CRC patients.RPL22L1 siRNA was transfected into SW480 cells to establish a low-expression cell model.Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay,cell migration by Transwell chamber assay,and apoptosis by flow cytometry.Gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed to evaluate the effect of RPL22L1 on glucose metabolism of tumor cells.Results:The expression levels of RPL22L1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues(all P<0.05).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was correlated with the TNM stage and carcinoembryonic antigen level of CRC(all P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative survival rate of high RPL22L1 mRNA expression group was significantly lower than that of low-expression group(P=0.027).The expression level of RPL22L1 mRNA was significantly higher in SW480 cells than in normal intestinal epithelial cells(P<0.001).After inhibiting RPL22L1 expression,the proliferation and migration capacities of SW480 cells were significantly decreased(all P<0.05),the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P=0.005),and the lactate level and relative glucose uptake level were significantly reduced(all P<0.05).GSEA indicated that RPL22L1 gene was associated with glycolysis/gluconeo-genesis(P=0.02).Conclusions:RPL22L1 is highly expressed in CRC and is associated with poor prognosis of patients,suggesting its potential as a molecular target for CRC therapy.Furthermore,RPL22L1 may promote the tumorigenesis and progression of CRC by modulating glucose metabolism.

Objective:To analyze the development status, research hotspots and development trend of Tianma Gouteng Decoction.Methods:Research literature on Tianma Gouteng Decoction in the medical field from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2022 was retrieved from CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and SinoMed. The NoteExpress 3.7.0 software was used to merge and remove the duplicates. CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software was used to visually analyze the information such as the publication trend, authors, institutions and keywords of the included literature, and to display the cooperation network of authors and institutions, as well as the co-occurrence, clustering and burst map of keywords.Results:Totally 2 137 articles were finally included, with an overall increasing trend of annual publication. The distribution of journals was mainly in TCM, among which the Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine had the most publications. Xian Shaoxiang (First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine) was the author with the most publications (17 articles). The institution with the most publications was Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (23 articles), and the cooperation between research institutions was mainly in Chinese medicine colleges and their affiliated hospitals. The results of keyword analysis showed that the high-frequency keywords were hypertension, vertigo, hyperactivity of liver yang, clinical efficacy, migraine, etc. The keywords formed 10 clusters. The keywords with a long time span were syndrome differentiation and treatment, hypertension, experience of famous doctors, and clinical observation. In recent years, the emergent keywords were adverse reactions, blood pressure levels, vertigo, addition and subtraction treatment, and medication laws. Conclusions:The current research field of Tianma Gouteng Decoction is in a rising stage of development, and it is still necessary to strengthen academic exchanges and cooperation across regions and teams. Relevant research mainly focuses on the clinical application of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The commonly used treatment is comprehensive therapy of TCM, focusing on blood pressure changes, adverse reactions and so on. The application of Tianma Gouteng Decoction in the treatment of vertigo, the study of adverse drug reactions and the discussion of medication rules have gradually become research hotspots.

Objective To understand the current status and development trend of the research on Prunellae Spica;To provide reference for the subsequent research.Methods The research literature related to Prunellae Spica was searched in China Knowledge Resources Database(CNKI),Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),Chinese Academic Journal Database(Wanfang Data),and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM)from January 1,2002 to March 23,2023.After merging and removing duplicates using NoteExpress 3.7.0.9258 software,CiteSpace 6.2.R1 software was used to visualize and analyze authors,institutions and keywords.Results Totally 3 136 articles were included,and the annual number of publications showed a fluctuating upward trend.Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine had the most publications(93).The core authors included Lin Limei(34),Guo Qiaosheng(27),and Zhang Mingzhi(20),and core research institutions included Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(37),Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(30),and Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine(28),with less cooperation among authors and institutions.The analysis of keywords showed that the research on the treatment of diseases were mainly"hypertension","breast cancer","hyperplasia of mammary glands","vertigo","insomnia".The chemical composition studies were mainly on"rosmarinic acid"and"ursolic acid".The type of literature was mainly"experience of famous doctors"and"clinical observation".Conclusion The research field of Prunellae Spica is in the rising stage of development,and the research content mainly focuses on clinical application and chemical composition research,etc.Summarizing the law of medication,exploring its mechanism of action and action target through data mining and molecular docking technology are the research trends.

Objective To understand the research hotspots and trend of Scrophulariae Radix from 2000 to 2023;To provide reference for related research.Methods The relevant literature of Scrophulariae Radix were retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM from January 1,2000 to June 1,2023.NoteExpress 3.7.0.9296 software was used to manage files and weight,and CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software was used for visualization analysis of authors,institutions and keywords.Results A total of 2 240 articles were included,and the annual number of publications showed a dynamic upward trend.The source journals with more publications included Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shizhen Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and so on.The core authors were Zhang Ning,Liu Shumin,Liu Bin,etc;the main research institutions included Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,etc.;high-frequency keywords were"harpagoside","quality standard","clinical observation"and so on.Conclusion The research of Scrophulariae Radix mainly focuses on chemical composition,disease treatment and compatibility application.It is a research trend in recent years to explore the medication law and mechanism of Scrophulariae Radix by using data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends of Wuzhuyu Decoction;To provide reference for relevant research.Methods The literature related to Wuzhuyu Decoction was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM databases from the establishment to February 28,2023.NoteExpress 3.6 was used to merge and deduplicate,and the author,organization and keywords were mapped and interpreted by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.Results A total of 822 articles were included,and the number of publications showed a wave upward trend;the top journals were New Chinese Medicine,Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine and Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine;the main research institutions were Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;a total of 566 authors were involved,and the authors with more publications included Wang Zhimin(12),Gong Muxin(9)and Bi Kaishun(5);high-frequency keywords included"headache","Shang Han Lun","TCM therapy"and so on.Conclusion Wuzhuyu Decoction is effective in treating chronic gastritis,hypertension and other primary diseases,which is a research hotspot in this field.It is a research trend in this field to explore its active components by high performance liquid chromatography and explain its action mechanism and target at the molecular level.

Objective To understand the research status,hotspots and trends of animal medicinal materials;To provide reference for future research.Methods The literature related to animal medicinal materials was retrieved from CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM from January 1,2000 to April 30,2023.NoteExpress 3.6 was used to merge and deduplicate,and the author,institution and keywords were mapped and interpreted by CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.Results A total of 1 169 articles were included,and the overall publication quantity in this field showed a stable fluctuation trend;the top journals were Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research,China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica and Modern Chinese Medicine;the main research institutions were China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences;a total of 676 authors were involved,and the authors with more publications included Zhang Hui(22),Liu Rui(15),Lin Zhe and Ma Shuangcheng(14);high-frequency keywords included"identification","TCM resources","clinical application"and so on.Conclusion Resource survey of animal medicinal materials,standardized breeding of medicinal animals,development of alternatives to rare medicinal animal resources,and construction of quality standard system for animal medicinal materials are the research hotspots in this field.The basic research of pharmacodynamic substances of animal medicinal materials based on the integrated analysis strategies of proteomics,peptideomics and transcriptomics,and the revelation of the signaling pathways and targets of animal medicinal materials from the molecular biology level are the research trends in this field.

Objective Some colorectal cancer patients still face high recurrence rates and poor prognoses even after they have undergone the surgical treatment of radical resection.Identifying potential biochemical markers and therapeutic targets for the prognostic evaluation of patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer is crucial for improving their clinical outcomes.Recently,it has been reported that the T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain protein 3(Tim-3)and its ligand galactose lectin 9(galectin-9)play crucial roles in immune dysfunction caused by various tumors,such as colorectal cancer.However,their expressions,biological functions,and prognostic value in colorectal cancer are still unclear.This study aims to investigate the relationship between Tim-3 and galectin-9 expression levels and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods A total of 171 patients who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer at Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital between February 2018 and March 2019 were selected.Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression levels of Tim-3 and galectin-9 in the cancer tissue samples and the paracancerous tissue samples of the patients.The relationship between Tim-3 and galectin-9 expression levels and the baseline clinical parameters of the patients was analyzed accordingly.Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess the association between Tim-3 and galectin-9 expression levels and the relapse-free survival(RFS)and the overall survival(OS)of colorectal cancer patients.Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with adverse prognosis in the patients.Results The immunohistochemical results showed that the high expression levels of Tim-3 and galectin-9 were observed in 70.18%(120/171)and 32.16%(55/171),respectively,of the colorectal cancer tissues,whereas the low expression levels were 29.82%(51/171)and 67.84%(116/171),respectively.Furthermore,the expression score of Tim-3 was significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissues than that in the paracancerous tissues,while the expression score of galectin-9 was lower than that in the paracancerous tissues(P＜0.05).Further analysis revealed that the expression of Tim-3 and galectin-9 was associated with the depth of tumor infiltration,vascular infiltration,and clinical staging(P＜0.05).During the follow-up period of 14-63 months,7 out of 171 patients were lost to follow-up.Among the remaining patients,49 and 112 cases presented abnormally low expression of Tim-3 and galectin-9,respectively,whereas 115 and 52 cases presented high expression of Tim-3 and galectin-9,respectively.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high Tim-3 expression in colorectal cancer tissues had significantly lower RFS and OS than those with low expression did(RFS:log-rank=22.66,P＜0.001;OS:log-rank=19.71,P＜0.001).Conversely,patients with low galectin-9 expression had significantly lower RFS and OS than those with high expression did(RFS:log-rank=19.45,P＜0.001;OS:log-rank=22.24,P＜0.001).Cox multivariate analysis indicated that TNM stage Ⅲ(HR=2.26,95%CI:1.20-5.68),high expression of Tim-3(HR=0.80,95%CI:0.33-0.91),and low expression of galectin-9(HR=1.80,95%CI:1.33-4.70)were independent risk factors affecting RFS and OS in patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Aberrant expression of Tim-3 and galectin-9 is observed in colorectal cancer tissues.High expression of Tim-3 and low expression of galectin-9 are closely associated with adverse clinico-pathological characteristics and prognosis.They are identified as independent influencing factors that may trigger adverse prognostic events in patients.These findings suggest that Tim-3 and galectin-9 have potential as new therapeutic targets and clinical indicators.

A 53-year woman and her 18-year daughter presenting with bone pain, bone fractures, bone deformities and short stature were admitted to Gansu Provincial People′s Hospital in March 2021. Laboratory tests showed low blood phosphorus, low renal phosphorus threshold, normal or low blood calcium, and normal or increased PTH. The high-throughput sequencing indicated heterozygous mutations of the PHEX gene (Phosphate-regulating gene with Homology to Endopeptidases on the X chromosome) in two patients, which was not detected in other family members; finally the diagnosis of X-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets/osteomalacia(XLH)was confirmed for these two patients. Treated with neutral phosphorus solution and Rocaltrol, bone pain was relieved completely in the younger patient, but not for her mother due to long disease course and severe complications. Because of the large heterogeneity of the disease there are high missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rates for XLH. In this paper a pedigree of XLH is reported with literature review.

In recent years, the continuous updating of medical means and the rapid development of assisted reproductive technology provide an effective way for cancer patients to preserve and restore fertility, but it still face many challenges in the specific application process. In view of the status quo of fertility preservation of cancer patients at home and abroad, factors affecting fertility of cancer patients such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, and common fertility preservation methods of cancer patients such as embryos, oocytes, sperm cryopreservation, ovarian transplantation and other technologies, this paper considered related ethical issues from the following aspects: following the informed consent of cancer patients, executing the relevant laws and regulations on fertility preservation of cancer patients, and implementing the whole process supervision of the ethics committee, so as to provide ideas for the follow-up research on fertility preservation of cancer patients.