OBJECTIVE To assess the correlation between the steady-state minimal concentration （cmin） and 24 h area under the drug concentration-time curve （AUC24）/minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） ratio （AUC24/MIC） of vancomycin in pediatric patients， and analyze independent risk factors for treatment failure. METHODS Data of hospitalized children treated with vancomycin and receiving therapeutic drug monitoring in our hospital from January 2021 to July 2024 were retrospectively collected and divided into success group and failure group according to whether the treatment was successful or not. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between cmin and AUC24/MIC of vancomycin， and one-way and multifactorial Logistic regression analyses were used to screen the independent risk factors for vancomycin treatment failure. RESULTS A total of 59 children were included， with 41 in the success group and 18 in the failure group. Compared with the failure group， AUC24/MIC of vancomycin was significantly higher in the success group （P＝0.038）， but there was no statistically significant difference in the cmin of the two groups （P＞0.05）； cmin of vancomycin was significantly positively correlated with AUC24/MIC （r＝0.499， P＜0.001）， but it has a certain efficacy in predicting the achievement of the AUC24/MIC standard （≥400） （area under the receiver operator characteristic curve＝0.696）， with an optimal cutoff value of 6.05 mg/L determined by the Youden index. The efficacy of AUC24/ MIC in predicting treatment failure was superior to cmin （areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve were 0.671 vs. 0.523， P were 0.038 vs. 0.684）， with higher sensitivity （83.3% vs. 66.7%）. Hypoproteinemia and AUC24/MIC≤369.1 were independent risk factors for vancomycin treatment failure （P＜0.05）. The incidence of nephrotoxicity was 3.4%. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant positive correlation between cmin and AUC24/MIC of vancomycin in pediatric patients； hypoproteinemia and AUC24/MIC≤369.1 are independent risk factors for vancomycin treatment failure in children.

Objective To investigate the correlation between myocardial fibrosis(MF)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and myocardial injury markers in heart failure patients via cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR).Methods Seventy-six patients with heart failure were selected,including 32 cases of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)(HFpEF group),15 cases of heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction(HFmEF)(HFmEF group),and 29 patients of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF)(HFrEF group).Additionally,7 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations were included(control group).CMR parameters and biological markers for the heart failure groups were collected for all subjects.The differences in native T1 value and extracellular volume fraction(ECV)between the heart failure group and the control group were compared,respectively.The differences in native T1 value,ECV,late gadolinium enhancement(LGE)score,serum creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin Ⅰ knockdown(cTnI-KD),and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)among heart failure subgroups were also compared,respectively.Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between MF imaging indicators and LVEF,as well as NT-proBNP levels.Results The differences in native T1 value,ECV,LGE score,and NT-proBNP between the heart failure group and the control group,as well as between the heart failure subgroups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The native T1 value,ECV,and LGE score in the heart failure group were positively correlated with NT-proBNP,and negatively correlated with LVEF.Conclusion The native T1 value,ECV value and LGE score are correlated with heart failure severity.CMR can detect myocardial injury early in patients with HFpEF and provide valuable information for risk stratification of MF.

Objective To investigate the correlation between myocardial fibrosis(MF)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and myocardial injury markers in heart failure patients via cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR).Methods Seventy-six patients with heart failure were selected,including 32 cases of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF)(HFpEF group),15 cases of heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction(HFmEF)(HFmEF group),and 29 patients of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF)(HFrEF group).Additionally,7 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations were included(control group).CMR parameters and biological markers for the heart failure groups were collected for all subjects.The differences in native T1 value and extracellular volume fraction(ECV)between the heart failure group and the control group were compared,respectively.The differences in native T1 value,ECV,late gadolinium enhancement(LGE)score,serum creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin Ⅰ knockdown(cTnI-KD),and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)among heart failure subgroups were also compared,respectively.Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between MF imaging indicators and LVEF,as well as NT-proBNP levels.Results The differences in native T1 value,ECV,LGE score,and NT-proBNP between the heart failure group and the control group,as well as between the heart failure subgroups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The native T1 value,ECV,and LGE score in the heart failure group were positively correlated with NT-proBNP,and negatively correlated with LVEF.Conclusion The native T1 value,ECV value and LGE score are correlated with heart failure severity.CMR can detect myocardial injury early in patients with HFpEF and provide valuable information for risk stratification of MF.

Objective To observe the clinical and symptomatic improvement three months after uterine artery embolization(UAE),and to analyze the value of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)in MR diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)in assessing the response of fibroids volume after UAE.Methods A total of 40 patients with uterine fibroids were included.The volume changes of fibroids,clinical and symptomatic improvement before and after treatment were recorded,and the efficacy of UAE was comprehensively analyzed.All patients underwent MR DWI before UAE and were evaluated at three months postoperatively by outpatient MR follow-up,with fibroids vol-ume and ADC quantitative measurements were performed to compare the changes in ADC values of fibroids preoperatively and post-operatively at each b value.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between baseline ADC values and postoperative fibroids volume reduction.Regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between ADC and fibroids volume reduction after UAE.And the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were plotted to analyze the predictive value of ADC values for evaluating fibroids volume reduction of more than 30％after UAE.Results The patients'clinical symptoms was improved in the three months after surgery,the volume of fibroids was significantly reduced,and the life quality was improved,the difference was sta-tistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant effect on ovarian function,hormone levels did not change significantly com-pared to before surgery,with no statistical significance(P＞0.05).When b=50,1 000 s/mm2,the changes in ADC values before and after uterine fibroids treatment were not significant,with no statistical significance(P＞0.05).However,the changes in ADC values before and after uterine fibroids treatment were significant when b=800 s/mm2 and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Under the condition of b=800 s/mm2,Pearson correlation analysis showed ADC value had a positive correlation with postoperative uterine fibroids volume reduction rate(r=0.45,P＜0.05),and the area under the curve(AUC)for ADC value to predict the reduction rate of uterine fibroids volume by more than 30％after UAE was 0.787.The cut-off value was 1.143 × 10-3 mm2/s,with sensitivity and specificity of 0.793 and 0.818,respectively.Conclusion UAE is more effective in treating uterine fibroids.The baseline ADC value of uterine fibroids correlated significantly with the volume reduction after UAE.The ADC value can be used to assess the volume response after UAE.

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of lyophilized powder of modified Huangqi Gancaotang on proliferation， apoptosis， invasion， migration， and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human non-small cell lung cancer cells （A549， PC9） and possible mechanism. MethodEffect of 1.0， 2.0， 4.0， 8.0， 12.0 g·L^-1 modified Huangqi Gancaotang on the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay. A549 and PC9 cells were classified into the blank group and the low-， medium-， and high-dose Huangqi Gancaotang groups （2.0， 4.0， 8.0 g·L^-1）. Plate cloning assay was used to examine the effect of modified Huangqi Gancaotang on cell cloning ability. Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry were employed to detect the apoptosis， and scratch assay and Transwell migration assay were applied to examine cell migration and invasion abilities， respectively. Mammosphere assay was used to examine the sphere-forming ability of tumor cells， and real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） to detect the mRNA expression of stemness-related molecules octamer-binding transcription factor 4 （Oct-4）， human sex-determining region Y-box 2 （Sox2）， and homeobox transcription factor （Nanog） to assess cancer stem cell activity. The protein expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated death promoter （Bad）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， cleaved Caspase-3， Caspase-3， E-cadherin， N-cadherin， vimentin， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， β-catenin， c-Myc， Cyclin D₁， and zinc-finger transcription factor （Slug） was determined by Western blot. ResultThe proliferation ability of A549 and PC9 cells was significantly inhibited after 24 h and 48 h treatment with 1.0， 2.0， 4.0， 8.0， and 12.0 g·L^-1 lyophilized powder of modified Huangqi Gancaotang compared with that in the blank group and the inhibition was dose- and time-dependent （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the low-， medium-， and high-dose modified Huangqi Gancaotang suppressed the cloning ability of A549 and PC9 cells （P< 0.05， P<0.01）， and high-dose modified Huangqi Gancaotang induced apoptosis of A549 and PC9 cells （P<0.01）. In comparison with the blank group， the low-， medium-， and high-dose modified Huangqi Gancaotang inhibited the invasion and migration of A549 and PC9 cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the low-， medium-， and high-dose modified Huangqi Gancaotang significantly decreased volume of the microspheres of A549 cells and the mRNA expression of Oct-4， Sox2， and Nanog in A549 and PC9 cells （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the medium- and high-dose modified Huangqi Gancaotang down-regulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bad， Bax， and cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 （P<0.05， P<0.01） in A549 and PC9 cells， decreased the expression of MMP-2， N-cadherin， and vimentin （P<0.05， P< 0.01）， and raised the E-cadherin expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Moreover， the medium-dose and high-dose modified Huangqi Gancaotang all reduced the expression of β-catenin， c-Myc， Cyclin D₁， and Slug in A549 and PC9 cells （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified Huangqi Gancaotang can inhibit the proliferation， invasion， migration， activity of cancer stem cells， and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human non-small cell lung cancer （A549， PC9） cells and induce apoptosis， and the mechanism is the likelihood that it regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:At present, there are few reports about the non-human primate models of type 2 diabetes mel itus in domestic and abroad, so it lacks of standardized production methods and evaluation criteria.
OBJECTIVE:To establish a safe and effective type 2 diabetes mel itus model of rhesus monkey and evaluation method.
METHODS:Twelve rhesus monkeys were randomly assigned to experimental group (n=9) and control group (n=3). Rhesus monkeys in the experimental group were fed with high-glucose and high-fat diet for 4 weeks, and intraperitoneal y injected with 30 mg/kg streptozotocin to establish models of type 2 diabetes mel itus. Rhesus monkeys in the control group were fed with an equal volume of physiological saline. At 12 weeks after injection, peripheral blood serum was col ected to measure fasting blood glucose, lipids, insulin, and C-peptide levels. Intravenous glucose tolerance test and C-peptide release test were used to detect pancreatic gland and pancreatic islet function. Histopathological examination was performed in pancreas, kidney and liver.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) 12 weeks after injection, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Insulin and C-peptide levels were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). (2) The area under the curve for intravenous glucose tolerance test was increased in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). The area under the curve for C-peptide response test was significantly reduced in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). (3) The pathological sections of pancreas, kidney and liver showed typical pathological changes of diabetes in the experimental group. (4) It is confirmed that we got high achievement about rhesus monkey models of type 2 diabetes mel itus made by high-glucose and high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin. It is a feasible, safe and effective method.

Objective: The impact of parenteral fish oil lipid emulsion on liver function and nutritional status of malignant tumors of the liver and gallbladder patients. Methods: From December 2007 to A-pril 2008, 32 post-operative hepatobiliary cancer patients were randomly divided into control and study groups. Two groups were treated with isocaloric, isonitrogenic parenteral nutrition and the study group was added fish oil lipid emulsion. Comparison of plasma protein, glucose, jaundice index, transaminase, ALP and the rate of infection complications was made betweent the two groups. Results: The blood glucose, transaminase and ALP levels were not significantly different between the two groups. But the plasma proteins and bilirubin levels were improved significantly (P < 0.05) with reduced infection complication in the study group. Conclusion : Fish oil lipid emulsion is conducive to the recovery of post-operative liver and gallbladder cancer patients in live function and nutritional status.

In this paper, a method based on fuzzy mathematics to fuse multimodality medical images was presented. The improved FCM algorithm was adopted to segment images, and automatic fuzzy redistribution algorithm to define the subject degree. 16 different combinations of image tissues and 16 context relations, 256 models altogether, were considered. The result showed that the method had the great ability of anti-error and anti-segmentation interference and had the characteristics of robustness, quickness, and accuracy.
Algorithms ; Fuzzy Logic ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; methods ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Subtraction Technique

BACKGROUND:The aim of present study is to demonstrate that volatile oil of flos magnoliae biondii pamp(VOMbp) possess anti-immunology inflammatory property.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of VOMbp on adjuvant arthritis in rats.DESIGN:Grade sampling,randomized controlled quantitative analysis.SETTING:Teaching and Researching Department of Pharmacology,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS:This study was carried out at the Teaching and Researching Department of Pharmacology,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December to April in 1999. Totally 120 Wistar rats were involved.METHODS :Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups :model control group, 0.28 mL/kg and 0.14 mL/kg VOMbp group,and 25 mg/kg dex-amethasone group. Allergy were induced in all rats through intra-cutaneous injection of Freund's adjuvant (0.1 mL/rat)at metatarsus so as to establish multiple arthritis model in rat. According to different dosage,the experiments were carried out in three batches with 10 rats in each group.Rats in the first batch were given VOMbp three days before inducing allergy for consecutwe 3 days,in order to observe the influence of VOMbp on adjuvant induced acute non-specific inflammatory;Rats in the second batch were given VOMbp on the 8th day sensitization allergy for consecutive 7days so as to explore the protective effect on secondary pathological changes;rats in the third batch were administratedon the 19th day after sensitization for consecutive 7 days for study in therapeutic effect on sec ondary pathological changes. Meanwhile foot tumefaction and the level of prostaglandin E2in ankle arthritis were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Effect of VOMbp on the adjuvant induced acute non-specific inflammatory. ② Preventive effect on adjuvant arthritis. ③ Therapeutic effect on adjuvant arthritis.RESULTS :① VOMbp could significantly suppress the primary foot tume faction. ②Moreover VOMbp of preventive dosage could most significantly suppress the secondary arthritis tumefaction [(0.231±0.065)mL of 0.28 mL/kg group and ( 0.206±0.082 ) mL of 0.14 mL/kg group] ,accompanied by PG-E2 decrement in tumefaction tissues [(0.133 2±0.057 2), (0.138 5 ±0.042 6)OD278nm correspondingly].③ No obvious effect of VOMbp of therapeutic dosage on secondary inflammatory tumefatcion of arthritis could be observed in 0.14 mL/kg group,but obvious decrement of prostaglandin E2 could be observed in edema tissue;While 0.28 mL/kg VOMbp exerted most significant or significant influence on above parameters. CONCLUSION:VOMbp possess inhibiting effect on Freund's adjuvant induced primary foot tumefaction and secondary arthritis,with the preventive effect better than therapeutic effects.The therapeutic effect was proved better in higher dosage group.

OBJECTIVETo measure the immunogenicity of a synthetic peptide of glucosyltransferase (GTF) for designing synthetic peptide-based vaccine of dental caries.

METHODSA fusion 27-mer peptide, containing the conserved regions within catalytic and glucan-binding domains of GTF, was synthesized. Serum antibodies to the synthetic peptide were determined by ELISA method. Inhibitions of both GTF activity and S. mutans adherence were detected for the functions of antisera.

RESULTSThe sequence of fusion peptide vaccine was ANDVDNSNPVVQAEQLYFRANGVQVKG. The spleen weights of immunized mice were heavier than the control ones. Specific antibodies were effectually elicited. The immune sera not only inhibited GTF enzymatic activity but also inhibited the vitro adherence of S. mutans.

CONCLUSIONSThe peptide vaccine which involves antibody-mediated inhibition of the catalytic and the glucan-binding activities of GTF may be valuable for controlling the dental caries.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies ; blood ; Bacterial Adhesion ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glucosyltransferases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; immunology ; Immune Sera ; pharmacology ; Immunization ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; immunology ; Rats ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects ; physiology ; Vaccines, Subunit ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; immunology